Search Results (37)

While research on psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT) continues to show promise, challenges in its clinical application persist. One relevant domain includes how supervision might enhance both client and trainee outcomes. Current data suggest that, despite supervisor reports and the enthusiasm of trainees, supervision accounts for extraordinarily little variance in treatment outcome. We propose that as supervisors model relevant skills, these skills can also improve in the therapist, which should lead to enhanced alliances and improved self-care for the client, trainee, and supervisor. Thus, we propose a model of supervision that rests on key Motivational Interviewing (MI) principles and supports the integration process—a pivotal phase of PAT where clients translate psychedelic-induced insights into meaningful behavioral change. This Motivational-Interviewing-Enhanced Integration Supervision (MIE-IS) model bridges the gap between psychedelic experiences and personal growth by ensuring supervisors can effectively encourage trainees to support their clients through this crucial integration process. Supervisors would model the use of MI with trainees in supervision, who would, in turn, apply those same MI technical and relational skills to support clients’ integration experiences. Beyond enhancing client outcomes, this supervisory model could also increase each trainee’s motivation to personally engage with wellness-promoting integration behaviors, potentially enhancing professional development and minimizing burnout. By reinforcing a culture of self-care and reflective practice, this model might inspire better self-care in supervisors as well. By fostering an MI-informed supervisory relationship, the model promotes a culture of continuous learning and skill development, benefiting clients through the effective and meaningful integration of their psychedelic experiences. Full article

This study presents a multi-user virtual reality (VR) tool designed to enhance hands-on learning in engineering education through real-time sensorized digital twins. The motivation stems from the limitations of traditional laboratory settings, such as time constraints and restricted access to physical equipment, which can hinder practical learning. The developed environment allows multiple students, wearing VR headsets, to interact simultaneously with a real-time synchronized virtual model of an engine, replicating its physical counterpart at the Mechanical Engineering Laboratory of the Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Chile. This novel integration of VR and digital twin technology offers students a unique opportunity to observe engine behavior in operation within a safe, controlled virtual space. By bridging theoretical knowledge with practical experience, this approach deepens understanding of complex mechanical concepts while fostering the development of key technical skills. Additionally, the use of real-time data visualization and digital twins provides a safer, more interactive, and efficient alternative to traditional laboratory practices, overcoming constraints like time limitations and equipment availability. This innovative method introduces students to Industry 4.0 principles, encouraging data-driven analysis and informed decision making. Full article

Background: Influenza poses a substantial health burden, especially among older adults in China. While vaccination is one of the most effective preventions, influenza vaccine uptake rates among Chinese older adults remain low. This study examines the individual and combined effects of behavioral interventions based on the Information–Motivation–Behavioral Skills (IMB) model and economic incentives in promoting influenza vaccine uptake among older adults living in China. Methods: The study will recruit 640 older adults living in eight communities that have not been covered by the free influenza vaccination policy. These eight communities (as clusters), stratified by urban and rural, will be randomized to four parallel arms, including a usual care arm, an IMB-based behavioral intervention arm, a conditional economic incentive arm, and a combined behavioral-economic arm. The interventions will start from the beginning of the flu season and last for about one month. Specifically, the IMB-based behavioral intervention encompasses health education brochures, healthcare provider-led lectures, interactive quizzes, and personalized consultations. The exact number of economic incentives is conditional on the timing of vaccination (a higher amount for early immunization) and the number of people within a household to be vaccinated at the same appointment (a higher amount for more people). The primary outcome is the influenza vaccination rate. Data will be gathered through vaccination records and questionnaires covering IMB-based vaccination cognitions. Mixed-effects models will be used to analyze the outcome of vaccination rate, reporting difference-in-differences estimates with 95% confidence intervals. Conclusions: The results of this study have the potential to inform influenza vaccination program scaleup among older adults who are not yet covered by the free influenza vaccination policy. Ethics and dissemination: Ethics approval has been granted by the ethics commission of Peking University Health Science Centre (IRB00001052-24090). Participants will be required to sign a written consent form. Findings will be reported in conferences and peer-reviewed publications in accordance with the recommendations of the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials. Registration number: This study was registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2400090229). Full article

This narrative review offers a deep dive into the theoretical and empirical literature on adolescent online health information-seeking behavior, specifically in relation to sexual health. It presents ways in which motivational influences impact adolescent social media use to seek sexual health information and offers insight into how Longo’s comprehensive and integrated model for understanding health information, communication, and information-seeking and self-determination theory may be used as frameworks for improved understanding in adolescent use of social media for seeking information related to sexual health. The main objectives of this article are, first, to examine the existing literature pertaining to social media, namely its main characteristics and uses by adolescents, its use as an educational tool, and its relation to health information; second, to explore information-seeking and learning through online platforms, particularly social media; and third, to provide a framework utilizing self-determination theory to better understand adolescent motivation in health-seeking behavior. This manuscript advances current knowledge and practices in supporting adolescent skill-development surrounding information-seeking and evaluation behaviors. Such practices will only become more beneficial as young people seek information in various settings (e.g., online, social media platforms, and artificial intelligence systems), particularly sensitive information such as that related to sexual health. Full article

Chronic diseases contribute to 68% of global mortality, highlighting the importance of early detection and management of conditions such as metabolic syndrome. Effective lifestyle interventions, particularly through mobile health (mHealth), have shown potential in promoting health and reducing cardiometabolic risk. This study utilized mHealth data from public health centers in South Korea, targeting adults with risk factors for metabolic syndrome. The Intervention-Motivation-Behavioral skills (IMB) theoretical model was applied to categorize participants’ practice patterns over time using the Group-Based Trend Model (GBTM). And the Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) methodology was applied to confirm the effective practice patterns for improving metabolic syndrome. Data were collected over 24 weeks. The dataset encompasses life-log data capable of capturing changes in intervention, self-report surveys, and clinical measurements, all linked to personal identification keys and thereby integrated. Participants demonstrated improved health behaviors, with the healthy eating score increasing from 5.0 to 6.4 and physical activity rates rising from 41.5% to 59%. Health risk factors decreased significantly, with the mean number of risk factors dropping from 2.4 to 1.4. The percentage of subjects with three or more metabolic syndrome components decreased from 42.3% in the initial period to 19.2% in the final period. Practice patterns by IMB components were classified into three categories: continuous type, late decline type, and early decline type. Improvements in health behavior and metabolic syndrome were observed in the continuous type of each IMB component. The mHealth interventions were confirmed to be positively associated with improved health behavior and management of metabolic syndrome in the continuous practice patterns of IMB. Full article

Objective: Diabetes disproportionately affects African Americans, leading to higher morbidity and mortality. This study explores the experiences of African American adults who successfully self-manage their type 2 diabetes (called Peer Ambassadors) and provided phone-based peer support in a 6-month culturally tailored diabetes self-management program for African Americans guided by the information–motivation–behavioral skills model. Design: A group discussion using a semi-structured discussion guide was conducted. Qualitative content analysis was used to identify the facilitators and barriers to completing the role of a Peer Ambassador and to develop strategies for overcoming possible challenges in the future. Setting: Key informant discussions were conducted in a community location to gain insights into Ambassadors’ motivations and challenges in delivering peer support. Participants: Three Peer Ambassadors completed ethics training and peer mentor training and received a phone call guide before providing support to their peers. Results: There were four core themes related to Peer Ambassador experiences: (1) Motivation to be a Peer Ambassador, (2) program elements that supported Peer Ambassador role, (3) key elements of achieving engagement, and (4) challenges related to being a Peer Ambassador. Conclusions: This study showed Peer Ambassadors in a culturally tailored peer supported self-management program found fulfillment in sharing experiences and supporting peers. They highly valued educational group sessions for knowledge updates and sustaining their health-related goals, suggesting the potential benefits of recognizing milestones or providing advanced training for future program sustainability. Findings suggest the importance of recruiting motivated patients and providing effective facilitation for peer support roles, including addressing barriers such as time commitment and lack of socialization opportunities. Full article

The purpose of this study was to analyze the mediating role of digital health literacy and the moderating effect of parasocial relationships on the relationship between the viewing experience of health exercise-related YouTube content and the intention for health exercise behavior. Based on the health action process approach, this study established a foundational theoretical model to analyze how digital health literacy mediates the impact of media viewing experience on health exercise behavior intention. Additionally, this study examined the moderating effect of parasocial relationships with YouTube creators. For empirical analysis, variables were measured using a self-administration method among 409 randomly sampled consumers of YouTube health exercise content. The collected data were analyzed using a structural equation model incorporating mediation parameters, and a multigroup model analysis was conducted to understand differences based on parasocial relationships. The results revealed that increased YouTube viewing experience enhanced cognitive, skill, and evaluative components of digital health literacy, which were significant factors in increasing health exercise behavior intention. Notably, the mediating effect of cognition played a crucial role, and the strengthening effect of parasocial relationships on this relationship was confirmed. These findings can be utilized as practical foundational data for designing digital health communication strategies, particularly in developing motivational mechanisms that encourage consumers to engage voluntarily and consistently in health behaviors based on online health information. Full article

In the rapidly evolving landscape of information technology and with the ubiquitousness of the internet, corporations are increasingly focused on harnessing educational technology to boost their competitive prowess. A pivotal question emerges: Can they implement this technology effectively and sustainably to enhance the learning capabilities of their workforce and facilitate their accumulation of knowledge and skills? This concern remains a central focus in the corporate sphere. From educational psychology, goal orientation theory offers an explanatory framework for understanding learner (employee) behavior variations following learning interventions. This research is grounded in the e-learning environment fostered by educational technology within corporations. It explores and hypothesizes the impact of employee achievement motivations—including learning, proving, and avoiding goal orientations—on self-regulated learning (encompassing cognitive, motivational, and behavioral adjustments). Additionally, this study examines how employees’ self-regulated learning and learning satisfaction with the learning process influence learning effectiveness (learning outcomes) assessments. Our empirical survey targeted 380 employees from 26 companies participating in corporate educational technology learning (e-learning), with our research hypotheses tested through PLS structural equation modeling. The analysis indicates that employees’ learning and proving goal orientations indirectly positively affect their learning outcomes by mediating self-regulated learning and learning satisfaction. Conversely, employees’ avoidance goal orientation indirectly negatively impacts their learning outcomes by mediating their self-regulated learning and learning satisfaction. Finally, the researchers offer recommendations for management and future research directions. Full article

Youth and young adults (YYA) have been uniquely affected by COVID-19. Behavioral models have not yet been applied to understand YYA’s preventive behavior, though the Information–Motivation–Behavior (IMB) model may be appropriate. We used data from a national, diverse survey of COVID-19 effects and prevention behaviors in YYA ages 14–24 (n = 1026) and conducted an exploratory factor analysis and bivariate linear regressions to assess the association between demographics and IMB measures. Significant differences by sexual identity were identified, with bisexual/pansexual, gay/lesbian, and queer populations reporting significantly lower prevention stigma, in comparison to their straight respondents. Non-binary respondents (vs. women/girls) and transgender and gender diverse individuals (vs. cisgender) had significantly higher intentions to social distance. Racial/ethnicity differences were also found in lower prevention efficacy beliefs (Latinx and multiracial vs. white), and lower motivation norms (Black and Latinx vs. white). Our findings about critical disparities in IMB measures provide recommendations for future prevention research, practice, and policy development in response to the pandemic, particularly related to highly marginalized communities. Full article

Prior research underscores a need for applying theoretical frameworks to understand the factors influencing diverse populations’ organic food purchase intentions. The objectives of this study are threefold. First, we evaluate the applicability of the information–motivation–behavioral skills model for predicting organic food purchase intention in adults with chronic conditions. Second, we examine the indirect effects of organic food knowledge, attitudes toward organic food purchase, and subjective norms on purchase intention through self-efficacy. Third, we examine whether these indirect effects are moderated by gender and educational attainment. Data were collected from Indian adults with chronic conditions using a self-administered questionnaire. The results show significant indirect effects of organic food knowledge, attitude toward organic food purchase, and subjective norms on organic food purchase intention through self-efficacy. Moreover, the mediating effect of knowledge was moderated by gender and educational attainment, with the effect being stronger for females and among individuals with a lower level of education. Organic food marketers, social marketers, and public health agencies promoting organic food consumption to people with chronic conditions should aim to increase their confidence in comprehending organic food. This study contributes to the literature by assessing the applicability of the information–motivation–behavioral skills model in understanding behavioral intentions toward organic food. Full article

Practical, affordable solutions need to be implemented to address global challenges confronting human and environmental health. Despite a myriad of benefits for people and the planet, beans and other pulses (e.g., chickpeas, cowpeas, dry peas, lentils) are under-consumed. To better understand consumer concerns and interests, a Food Habits Survey was conducted and the findings were incorporated into the Colorado State University Extension Bean Toolkit. Guided by the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills model, the toolkit included informational social media posts, cooking guidance, and an online class. A convenience sample of participants was recruited through Extension and university networks. After class participation, significant gains in knowledge of pulse nutrition, versatility, and cooking were observed, with an average increase of 1.5 points on a 5-point Likert scale (p < 0.001). Moreover, participants (n = 86) perceived a greater importance of motivators (e.g., nutrition, versatility, environmental benefits) and found barriers (e.g., flatulence, long cooking times, unfamiliarity) to be less discouraging. Most participants reported an intention to eat more pulses, and among those who completed the 1-month follow-up survey, pulse intake frequency increased (p = 0.004). Emphasizing motivating factors while simultaneously mitigating barriers to consumption can help reverse insufficient intake and promote healthy behavior change. Leveraging Extension or similar networks is one way to adopt a translational approach to better reach the public with this information. Full article

Computational thinking skills are increasingly required for working with information technology products and are considered core learning objectives in science and technology curriculums across all grades. However, there is yet to be a curriculum model for computational thinking, and many teachers are still figuring out this issue and designing courses to cultivate these skills in students. We planned 8-course periods for 108 curriculums, using the Bebras International Computational Thinking Challenge and programming learning motivation scale to evaluate game-based lessons from Code.org. The grade-3 and -4 students were randomly divided into self-regulation and guided-learning groups, and 153 valid data were analyzed using paired t tests and ANCOVA. As a result, we found the learning behaviors of the two groups of students to be worthy of further exploration in terms of time management and help-seeking learning strategies. Code.org’s game-based lessons effectively engage students to complete most of the course, addressing the usual course completion issues when self-paced. The self-regulation group spent more time in peer discussions and had better learning outcomes than the guided-learning group. To this end, we provide detailed curriculum information as a teaching model for the self-regulated learning of computational thinking in primary schools. Full article

The progress made in Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) has played a crucial role in turning the Internet of Things (IoT) into a reality. IoT is an emerging technology that refers to networks of interconnected and Internet-enabled objects equipped with sensors, processors, and actuators that interact with each other to create significant collaboration and interaction environments. The field of education is one of the areas where IoT can be applied. However, the implementation of IoT poses security and privacy risks, such as unauthorized access, denial-of-service (DoS) attacks, and interference with wireless signals where IoT devices collect a significant amount of data, including user’s personal information like identity, location, and daily behavior. Therefore, it is crucial to protect users’ privacy in IoT applications. The innovative Ubiquitous Learning Environments (ULEs) have been created by ubiquitous computing technologies (mobile, wireless, network), which provide learners with learning experiences beyond the traditional classroom in both the real and virtual worlds. Ubiquitous learning (U-learning) is an emerging technology as a result of the tremendous technological revolution of ICT. U-learning is a novel learner-centered approach that aims to enhance learning, motivation, and creativity by utilizing innovative technology and IoT. U-learning enables learners to access the appropriate learning content, collaborate with the right learning partners, and engage in self-learning at the right time and place in a ubiquitous computing environment. To support learners in developing their social skills, in this study a framework for implementing the ULE based on the Internet of Things is designed, which consists of three main layers: perception, network, and application. The article explores the effects of IoT on education and how U-learning, which incorporates IoT to enhance learning experiences, has the potential to replace traditional classroom learning. Furthermore, the article addresses privacy preservation measures for different layers within the IoT environment and ULE. A framework for implementing the ULE model is in progress, which is a part of our future work. Full article

Research highlights: Ecological policies must balance ecosystem protection by promoting the sustainable livelihoods of farmers living in or near protected areas; however, the intrinsic motivations of farmers to adopt green production behaviors (GPBs) are poorly understood. Background and objectives: We explored how ecological policies affect the GPBs of farmers in agroforestry. Materials and methods: We conducted questionnaires of farmers in 11 counties of Sichuan Province, China, with abundant protected areas and large-scale agroforestry, after which a structural equation model of farmers’ ecological awareness, policy perception, and GPBs was constructed. Results: (1) Ecological policies can stimulate farmers’ GPBs by improving their ecological awareness, creating positive subjective norms, and inducing the “herd effect”. Increases in protection intensity and scope amplify the pressures on farmers to maintain more than long-term policy consistency. (2) Green production is more time-consuming, laborious, expensive, and difficult to learn compared with traditional production methods, which have somewhat limited GPBs adoption. (3) In the rural “acquaintance society”, information and communication from others have a substantial impact on farmers’ perceptions, attitudes, and behaviors; thus, positive subjective norms from formal and informal channels could promote GPB adoption. Conclusions: Future policies should prioritize environmental education over environmental publicity by helping farmers understand the long-term relationship between ecological protection and economic development, teaching individual environmental responsibility, enhancing positive feedback to farmers who adopt GPBs, actively exploring mechanisms for realizing the value of ecological products, and improving farmers’ management skills and learning ability. Full article

This study aimed to develop and assess the effectiveness of a web-based nutrition education program for self-managing IBS symptoms using the IMB model. This study used single-arm, pre–post study design to test the effectiveness of the nutrition education program after its development. Participants were adults in their twenties and thirties in South Korea with IBS according to the ROME IV diagnostic criteria (n = 49). For statistical analysis, normality was verified using the Shapiro–Wilk test, and variables that met the assumption of normality were analyzed using the paired t-test, and variables that did not meet the assumption of normality were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. IBS patients (n = 49) experienced a statistically significant increase in nutrition knowledge after receiving nutrition education (p = 0.015). IBS patients (n = 35) with no prior experience in nutrition education or diet modification also demonstrated a statistically significant increase in self-efficacy (p = 0.044) and nutrition knowledge (p = 0.016). The web-based nutrition education program based on the IMB model developed in this study was found to be effective. These results will contribute to diversifying symptom prevention strategies for patients with IBS. Full article