Search Results (9)

Many of today’s innovative materials used to carry trace elements (TEs) are derived from chelates. Most of the materials used for this purpose have been produced on the basis of EDTA, which is not considered to be environmentally friendly due to its high persistence. Research is therefore being carried out to produce materials that do not pose an environmental risk. Therefore, a study was carried out to determine the effects of newly developed innovative materials with embedded biodegradable and environmentally safe chelates (IDHA—iminodisuccinic acid—and N-butyl-D-gluconamide ligands) containing copper, molybdenum and iron on the yield, biometric characteristics and chemical composition of soybean and selected soil properties. It is difficult to find publications on their effects in soybean cultivation. The greatest increase in soybean leaf greenness index (SPAD) was found after the addition of pure Salmag^® (Sal.^®). The effect of the chelates on the SPAD index was lower, with Sal.^® + Fe chelate having the greatest effect during the vegetative development stage and Cu chelate having the greatest effect during the flowering stage. Sal.^® + Cu, especially with Fe, accelerated pod and seed ripening in the last vegetative stage of soybean. Sal.^® + Cu had the most favourable impact on plant height, pure Sal.^® on the pod number per plant, Sal.^® + Fe on the seed number per pod, Sal.^® with Mo and Fe chelates on soybean seed yield, and pure Sal.^® on fresh weight remaining above-ground part yield, while pure Sal.^® and Sal.^® + Fe had the most favourable impact on dry weight aerial yield. The fertiliser materials (especially Sal.^® + Cu) generally increased the N content of the tested soybean organs and the Cu content of the other above-ground soybean parts (especially those containing chelates) and had an antagonistic effect on the Mg content of the soybean above-ground parts. Sal.^® + Cu also had a negative effect on the Fe content of other above-ground soybean parts. Sal.^® + Fe had a positive impact on the iron content, and Sal.^® + Mo had a positive impact on the molybdenum content of soybean. The applied fertilisers had little effect on the contents of Cu, Mo and Fe in the soil. There was only a significant increase in the Cu content of the soil after the addition of Sal.^® + Cu and a significantly smaller increase under the influence of Sal.^® without chelates, as well as an increase in the Mo content of the soil with Sal.^®. The present study confirms the beneficial impact of the novel materials with chelates. It has been demonstrated that the presence of materials containing Mo and, in particular, Cu has a considerable effect on the yield and quality characteristics of soybeans. Full article

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of three new solid fertilisers (based on Salmag^®) with innovative IDHA chelate additives (Cu, Mo and Fe) on the yield, yield (grain, straw), biometric characteristics and chemical composition (total N, Ca, Mg and Cu, Mo, and Fe) of spring wheat and soil properties in the pot experiment. The nitrogen dose in all fertilised plots was 140 mg kg⁻¹ of soil (60% before sowing, 40% at tillering). Before sowing, uniform fertilisation with phosphorus (60 mg kg⁻¹ of soil) and potassium (60 mg kg⁻¹ of soil) were also applied. At the stem elongation stage, nitrogen fertilisers, especially Salmag^® with Cu, promoted an increase, and Salmag^® with Mo and Fe promoted a decrease in leaf greenness at other growth stages of spring wheat. All nitrogen fertilisers had a positive effect on height (especially Salmag^® and Salmag^® with Mo) and yield (especially Salmag^® with Cu and Mo) of spring wheat grain and straw. The effect on grain yield was stronger, while Salma^g® with Fe was slightly weaker than pure Salmag^®. All applied nitrogen fertilisers increased total N in grain and straw and Ca and Mg in spring wheat straw. Nitrogen fertilisers enriched with micronutrients generally had a weaker effect than Salmag^® on the content of total N in grain (in contrast to straw) and Ca and Mg. The addition of Cu, Mo, and especially Fe chelates increased the content of chelated elements in spring wheat, especially in straw. The pH value of the soil after harvest of spring wheat was slightly higher after the application of Salmag^® and lower in the soil fertilised with Salmag^® with Mo and Salmag^® with Fe than in the control. Salmag^® and Salmag^® with Cu showed a significant increase in soil Mg and all nitrogen fertilisers (especially Salmag^® with Fe) in soil Ca content after spring wheat harvest. Salmag^® with Cu caused the greatest increase in soil Cu content. The new fertilisers with Mo chelate and especially with Cu chelate showed a significant effect on yield formation and quality of spring wheat. Full article

The superabsorbents’ application as materials for the preparation of modern mineral fertilizers of controlled activity is presented. Under the static conditions, the commercial acrylic-based Agro^® Hydrogel was used as a sorbent for Cu(II), Fe(III), Mn(II), and Zn(II) ions in the presence of three biodegradable complexing agents of the new generation: (N-1,2-dicarboxyethyl)-D,L-aspartate acid (IDHA), N,N-ethylenediaminedisuccinic acid (EDDS) and N,N-bis(carboxymethyl) glutamic acid (GLDA). The ions and complexes concentrations were determined by the inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES). The characterization of hydrogel before and after the adsorption process was made using the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), surface area determination (ASAP), scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDS) as well as the thermogravimetric (TGA) methods. The influence of the phase contact time, initial concentration, and pH on the adsorption capacities was investigated. The kinetic and adsorption parameters were determined. The Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin–Radushkevich, and Temkin adsorption models were applied to describe the experimental data. The Langmuir isotherm model accurately characterized the equilibrium process. The adsorption process was fast, and it reached equilibrium after 60 min of the phase contact time. The research on the adsorption of Cu(II), Fe(III), Mn(II), and Zn(II) onto Agro^® Hydrogel with IDHA, EDDS, and GLDA indicates that these complexing agents improve process efficiency. Full article

Altered metabolism is a hallmark of aging. The tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle) is an essential metabolic pathway and plays an important role in lifespan regulation. Supplementation of α-ketoglutarate, a metabolite converted by isocitrate dehydrogenase alpha-1 (idha-1) in the TCA cycle, increases lifespan in C. elegans. However, whether idha-1 can regulate lifespan in C. elegans remains unknown. Here, we reported that the expression of idha-1 modulates lifespan and oxidative stress tolerance in C. elegans. Transgenic overexpression of idha-1 extends lifespan, increases the levels of NADPH/NADP⁺ ratio, and elevates the tolerance to oxidative stress. Conversely, RNAi knockdown of idha-1 exhibits the opposite effects. In addition, the longevity of eat-2 (ad1116) mutant via dietary restriction (DR) was reduced by idha-1 knockdown, indicating that idha-1 may play a role in DR-mediated longevity. Furthermore, idha-1 mediated lifespan may depend on the target of rapamycin (TOR) signaling. Moreover, the phosphorylation levels of S6 kinase (p-S6K) inversely correlate with idha-1 expression, supporting that the idha-1-mediated lifespan regulation may involve the TOR signaling pathway. Together, our data provide new insights into the understanding of idha-1 new function in lifespan regulation probably via DR and TOR signaling and in oxidative stress tolerance in C. elegans. Full article

Granulated chelates are innovative fertilizers that are highly effective and versatile, and they ensure the best start-up effect for plants. The final properties of granules are influenced by the method of their preparation and the used substances. The diameters of the obtained granules, their size range, and the final costs of the produced fertilizer are of great importance. The paper describes granules that were produced using an agglomeration of ZnIDHA in a fluidized bed with the aid of an aqueous solution of this substance with a high dry matter content. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of surfactant addition to the solution on the evolution of granule size distribution during the process carried out in a batch mode and to access the possibility of describing the process dynamics using population balance approach. A sieve analysis was performed in order to determine the size of the granulate, and numerical calculations were performed to determine the value of the constant aggregation rate. Based on experimental studies, it can be seen that the increase in the diameters of granules is mainly caused by the agglomeration process, and to a lesser extent by the coating process. The addition of surfactant increased the median size of the granules in the initial granulation stage, and also lowered the surface tension. This in turn enables a lower spraying pressure to be used. A comparison of different aggregation kernels constituting an integral part of the population balance model proved that the physically motivated equipartition kinetic energy kernel performs best in this case. Moreover, the computational results show an increase in the aggregation rate when the surfactant additive is used and confirm that population balance allows the extraction of physical information about the granulation. Full article

Molecular mechanisms of lower-grade (II–III) diffuse gliomas (LGG) are still poorly understood, mainly because of their heterogeneity. They split into astrocytoma- (IDH-A) and oligodendroglioma-like (IDH-O) tumors both carrying mutations(s) at the isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) gene and into IDH wild type (IDH-wt) gliomas of glioblastoma resemblance. We generated detailed maps of the transcriptomes and DNA methylomes, revealing that cell functions divided into three major archetypic hallmarks: (i) increased proliferation in IDH-wt and, to a lesser degree, IDH-O; (ii) increased inflammation in IDH-A and IDH-wt; and (iii) the loss of synaptic transmission in all subtypes. Immunogenic properties of IDH-A are diverse, partly resembling signatures observed in grade IV mesenchymal glioblastomas or in grade I pilocytic astrocytomas. We analyzed details of coregulation between gene expression and DNA methylation and of the immunogenic micro-environment presumably driving tumor development and treatment resistance. Our transcriptome and methylome maps support personalized, case-by-case views to decipher the heterogeneity of glioma states in terms of data portraits. Thereby, molecular cartography provides a graphical coordinate system that links gene-level information with glioma subtypes, their phenotypes, and clinical context. Full article

The possibility of application of chitosan-modified zeolite as sorbent for Cu(II), Zn(II), Mn(II), and Fe(III) ions and their mixtures in the presence of N-(1,2-dicarboxyethyl)-D,L-aspartic acid, IDHA) under different experimental conditions were investigated. Chitosan-modified zeolite belongs to the group of biodegradable complexing agents used in fertilizer production. NaP1CS as a carrier forms a barrier to the spontaneous release of the fertilizer into soil. The obtained materials were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR); surface area determination (ASAP); scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDS); X-ray fluorescence (XRF); X-ray diffraction (XRD); and carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen (CHN), as well as thermogravimetric (TGA) methods. The concentrations of Cu(II), Zn(II), Mn(II), and Fe(III) complexes with IDHA varied from 5–20 mg/dm³ for Cu(II), 10–40 mg/dm³ for Fe(III), 20–80 mg/dm³ for Mn(II), and 10–40 mg/dm³ for Zn(II), respectively; pH value (3–6), time (1–120 min), and temperature (293–333 K) on the sorption efficiency were tested. The Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin–Radushkevich, and Temkin adsorption models were applied to describe experimental data. The pH 5 proved to be appropriate for adsorption. The pseudo-second order and Langmuir models were consistent with the experimental data. The thermodynamic parameters indicate that adsorption is spontaneous and endothermic. The highest desorption percentage was achieved using the HCl solution, therefore, proving that method can be used to design slow-release fertilizers. Full article

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of selected biostimulators and foliar fertilizers on plant development, plant yield, soil fertility and soil biochemical activity (dehydrogenases, phosphatases, catalases) during the cultivation of pea (Pisum sativum L.). A field experiment was conducted between 2016 and 2018 at the Gorzyń Experimental and Educational Station, Poznań University of Life Sciences in Poland. The following treatments were tested: (1) control; (2) Titanit; (3) Optysil; (4) Metalosate potassium; (5) Rooter; (6) Bolero Mo; (7) Adob Zn IDHA; (8) Adob B and (9) Adob 2.0 Mo. Adob Zn IDHA stimulated yields, especially under average moisture conditions and less so in drought conditions, and the differences compared to control amounted 8.36 and 4.3%, respectively. The results showed a close relationship between the effects of the biostimulators and foliar fertilizers and weather conditions during the study. It was not possible to determine whether any of the biostimulators or foliar fertilizers had a positive effect on pea seed yield in any year. Similarly, it was difficult to clearly determine the effect of the biostimulators and fertilizers on biochemical activity in the soil, although soil enzyme activity was influenced most by application of the Bolero Mo fertilizer. In all study years, biological nitrogen fixation was always greater after the application of a biostimulator/fertilizer treatment. Full article

The aim of this study is to assess the effect of two biostimulators (Titanit, Rooter) and six foliar fertilizers (Optysil, Metalosate Potassium, Bolero Bo, ADOB 2.0 Zn IDHA, ADOB B, ADOB 2.0 Mo) on white lupine. In addition, we evaluated the enzymatic activity of dehydrogenase, acid, and alkaline phosphatases, catalase, the level of biological nitrogen fixation, yield, plant biometric, chlorophyll fluorescence and chlorophyll content. A field experiment was conducted between 2016 and 2018 at the Gorzyń Experimental and Educational Station, Poznań University of Life Sciences in Poland. The best effects in plant yield were obtained after the application of Optysil or ADOB Zn IDHA. The three years results of dehydrogenase (DHA), alkaline phosphatase (PAL), and the biological index of soil fertility (BIF), show that the bio-stimulants and most of the foliar fertilizers used did not always stimulate the activity of these enzymes and index in the white lupine crops, as compared with the control treatment. Analysis of the results of the acid phosphatase activity (PAC) shows that during the entire white lupine growing season the foliar fertilizers and bio-stimulants decreased the activity of this enzyme. This effect was not observed when the Metalosate potassium foliar fertilizer was applied. The field analyses of biological nitrogen fixation showed that the fertilizers and bio-stimulants significantly stimulated nitrogenase activity under the white lupine plantation. The best effects in plant yield were obtained after application Optysil or ADOB Zn IDHA. Full article