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Keywords = endogenous stimuli-responsive DDSs

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25 pages, 2139 KB  
Review
Next-Generation Drug Delivery for Neurotherapeutics: The Promise of Stimuli-Triggered Nanocarriers
by Radka Boyuklieva, Nikolay Zahariev, Plamen Simeonov, Dimitar Penkov and Plamen Katsarov
Biomedicines 2025, 13(6), 1464; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13061464 - 13 Jun 2025
Cited by 30 | Viewed by 3583
Abstract
Nanotherapeutics have emerged as novel unparalleled drug delivery systems (DDSs) for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. By applying different technological approaches, nanoparticles can be engineered to possess different functionalities. In recent years, the developed, stimuli-responsive nanocarriers stand out as novel complex DDSs ensuring [...] Read more.
Nanotherapeutics have emerged as novel unparalleled drug delivery systems (DDSs) for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. By applying different technological approaches, nanoparticles can be engineered to possess different functionalities. In recent years, the developed, stimuli-responsive nanocarriers stand out as novel complex DDSs ensuring selective and specific drug delivery in response to different endogenous and exogenous stimuli. Due to the multifaceted pathophysiology of the nervous system, a major challenge in modern neuropharmacology is the development of effective therapies ensuring high efficacy and low toxicity. Functionalization of the nanocarriers to react to specific microenvironmental changes in the nervous system tissues or external stimulations significantly enhances the efficacy of drug delivery. This review discusses the microenvironmental characteristics of some common neurological diseases in-depth and provides a comprehensive overview on the progress of the development of exogenous and endogenous stimuli-sensitive nanocarriers for the treatment of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Research in Neuroprotection)
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22 pages, 6026 KB  
Review
Stimuli-Responsive Gold Nanocages for Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment
by Chunming Li, Tengyue Zhao, Lixian Li, Xiaogang Hu, Chao Li, Wanyi Chen and Yurong Hu
Pharmaceutics 2022, 14(7), 1321; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14071321 - 22 Jun 2022
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 3825
Abstract
With advances in nanotechnology, various new drug delivery systems (DDSs) have emerged and played a key role in the diagnosis and treatment of cancers. Over the last two decades, gold nanocages (AuNCs) have been attracting considerable attention because of their outstanding properties. This [...] Read more.
With advances in nanotechnology, various new drug delivery systems (DDSs) have emerged and played a key role in the diagnosis and treatment of cancers. Over the last two decades, gold nanocages (AuNCs) have been attracting considerable attention because of their outstanding properties. This review summarizes current advancements in endogenous, exogenous, and dual/multi-stimuli responsive AuNCs in drug delivery. This review focuses on the properties, clinical translation potential, and limitations of stimuli-responsive AuNCs for cancer diagnosis and treatment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Controlled Release of Nanostructured Drug Systems (Volume II))
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17 pages, 740 KB  
Review
The Effective Combination between 3D Cancer Models and Stimuli-Responsive Nanoscale Drug Delivery Systems
by Federica Foglietta, Loredana Serpe and Roberto Canaparo
Cells 2021, 10(12), 3295; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells10123295 - 25 Nov 2021
Cited by 25 | Viewed by 3794
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive drug-delivery systems (DDSs) have emerged as a potential tool for applications in healthcare, mainly in the treatment of cancer where versatile nanocarriers are co-triggered by endogenous and exogenous stimuli. Two-dimensional (2D) cell cultures are the most important in vitro model used to [...] Read more.
Stimuli-responsive drug-delivery systems (DDSs) have emerged as a potential tool for applications in healthcare, mainly in the treatment of cancer where versatile nanocarriers are co-triggered by endogenous and exogenous stimuli. Two-dimensional (2D) cell cultures are the most important in vitro model used to evaluate the anticancer activity of these stimuli-responsive DDSs due to their easy manipulation and versatility. However, some limitations suggest that these in vitro models poorly predict the outcome of in vivo studies. One of the main drawbacks of 2D cell cultures is their inadequate representation of the 3D environment’s physiological complexity, which sees cells interact with each other and the extracellular matrix (ECM) according to their specific cellular organization. In this regard, 3D cancer models are a promising approach that can overcome the main shortcomings of 2D cancer cell cultures, as these in vitro models possess many peculiarities by which they mimic in vivo tumors, including physiologically relevant cell–cell and cell–ECM interactions. This is, in our opinion, even more relevant when a stimuli-responsive DDS is being investigated. In this review, we therefore report and discuss endogenous and exogenous stimuli-responsive DDSs whose effectiveness has been tested using 3D cancer cell cultures. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue In Vitro Model for Micro and Nano Technologies)
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