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Search Results (7)

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Keywords = division-of-focal-plane polarimeter

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28 pages, 4495 KiB  
Review
The Structural Types of the Polarization Detection Unit in Imaging Polarimeter Based on the Stokes Parameter Method
by Yuanhao Li, Xiaohan Guo, Kai Zhang, Xiaoyang Li, Fang Kong and Ziying Jia
Sensors 2025, 25(13), 4069; https://doi.org/10.3390/s25134069 - 30 Jun 2025
Viewed by 533
Abstract
Bio-inspired imaging polarimeters have significant applications in the field of detecting the polarization state of skylights. The polarization detection principle of polarization detection units in polarimeters is mostly based on the Stokes parameter method. Using the Stokes parameter method, multiple linearly polarized lights [...] Read more.
Bio-inspired imaging polarimeters have significant applications in the field of detecting the polarization state of skylights. The polarization detection principle of polarization detection units in polarimeters is mostly based on the Stokes parameter method. Using the Stokes parameter method, multiple linearly polarized lights modulated by the incident light need to be obtained. According to the polarization modulation method of the polarization detection unit, imaging polarimeters can be classified into time-division types, channel-division types, and division of focal-plane types. Different from the classification in previous studies, this review divides channel-division polarimeters into single-sensor channel-division and multi-sensor channel-division polarimeters, avoiding the confusion of concepts between aperture-sharing polarimeters and amplitude-sharing polarimeters in previous classifications. This review introduces the different ways of achieving polarization-state imaging through various bionic imaging polarimeters and expands on the advanced polarization detection unit structure design technologies based on the Stokes parameter method introduced in recent years, aiming to provide inspiration for bio-inspired imaging polarimeters used in navigation and positioning. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue (Bio)sensors for Physiological Monitoring)
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13 pages, 5257 KiB  
Article
Method of Directly Writing MPA on Photosensitive Surface of Detector Based on FIB
by Anran Nie, Zhenwei Qiu, Xiaobing Sun, Jun Zhu and Jin Hong
Sensors 2024, 24(12), 3769; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24123769 - 10 Jun 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1314
Abstract
The division of focal plane (DoFP) polarization detector has great potential for the development of aerospace polarimeters, but the existing commercial DoFP polarization detector cannot satisfy all the missions due to the diversity of satellite payloads. Here, we propose a method of directly [...] Read more.
The division of focal plane (DoFP) polarization detector has great potential for the development of aerospace polarimeters, but the existing commercial DoFP polarization detector cannot satisfy all the missions due to the diversity of satellite payloads. Here, we propose a method of directly writing a micro-polarizer array (MPA) on the detector surface based on focused ion beams (FIB) and fabricating a push-broom scanning DoFP polarization detector. The feasibility and low crosstalk of the solution were proved through testing, and the reasons for the low extinction ratio caused by oxidation were explained through characterization and numerical calculations. This scheme is not only applicable to DoFP polarization detectors but also provides ideas for the integration of other metasurface structures and detectors. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Optical Sensors)
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15 pages, 4141 KiB  
Article
Automatic Suppression Method for Water Surface Glints Using a Division of Focal Plane Visible Polarimeter
by Meishu Wang, Su Qiu, Weiqi Jin and Jie Yang
Sensors 2023, 23(17), 7446; https://doi.org/10.3390/s23177446 - 26 Aug 2023
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1640
Abstract
To address the problem of water surface detection imaging equipment being susceptible to water surface glints, this study demonstrates a method called De-Glints for suppressing glints and obtaining clear underwater images using a division of focal plane (DoFP) polarimeter. Based on the principle [...] Read more.
To address the problem of water surface detection imaging equipment being susceptible to water surface glints, this study demonstrates a method called De-Glints for suppressing glints and obtaining clear underwater images using a division of focal plane (DoFP) polarimeter. Based on the principle of polarization imaging, the best polarization angle and the image corresponding to the minimal average gray level of each pixel are calculated. To evaluate the improvement in image quality, the index E was designed. The results of indoor and outdoor experiments show that the error of the angle calculation of this method is within 10%, and the minimum error is only 3%. The E index is positively improved and can be relatively improved by 8.00 under the interference of strong outdoor glints, and the method proposed in this paper shows a good adaptive ability to the dynamic scene. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Imaging and Sensing)
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18 pages, 7029 KiB  
Article
Creep Monitoring of Submersible Observation Windows Using Mueller Matrix Imaging
by Haibo Tu, Xingying Bu, Ran Liao, Hailong Zhang, Guoliang Ma, Hening Li, Jiachen Wan and Hui Ma
Materials 2023, 16(13), 4733; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16134733 - 30 Jun 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1496
Abstract
Safety of the observation window is one of the core concerns for manned submersibles. When subjected to underwater static pressure, extrusion and creep deformation always occur in the observation window, which can pose a threat to both safety and optical performance. To assess [...] Read more.
Safety of the observation window is one of the core concerns for manned submersibles. When subjected to underwater static pressure, extrusion and creep deformation always occur in the observation window, which can pose a threat to both safety and optical performance. To assess the deformation, real-time and non-contact monitoring methods are necessary. In this study, a conceptual setup based on the waveplate rotation and dual-DoFP (division of focal-plane polarimeter) polarization camera is built for the observation window’s creep monitoring by measuring the Mueller matrix images of the samples under different pressures and durations. Then, a series of characteristic parameters, such as t1, R, r, R′, are extracted from the Muller matrix images by Mueller matrix transformation (MMT), Mueller matrix polar decomposition (MMPD), correlation analysis and phase unwrapping method. The results demonstrate that these parameters can effectively describe the observation window’s creep at different pressure levels which are simulated by finite element analysis. Additionally, more characterization parameters, such as ψ, A and D, are given from the Mueller matrix images and discussed to illustrate the method’s potential for further applications and investigations. Ultimately, future devices based on this method could serve as a valuable tool for real-time and non-contact creep monitoring of the submersible observation windows. Full article
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16 pages, 28493 KiB  
Article
Single-Layer Transmissive Chiral Plasma Metasurface with High Circular Polarization Extinction Ratio in Visible Wavelength
by Ran Zhang, Zhichao Zhang, Yuanyi Fan, Hao Zhang and Jinkui Chu
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(5), 813; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13050813 - 22 Feb 2023
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2401
Abstract
Chiral metamaterials are extensively applied in the fields of photoelectric detection, biomedical diagnostics and micro-nano polarization imaging. Currently, single-layer chiral metamaterials are unfortunately limited by several issues, such as a weaker circular polarization extinction ratio and circular polarization transmittance difference. To tackle these [...] Read more.
Chiral metamaterials are extensively applied in the fields of photoelectric detection, biomedical diagnostics and micro-nano polarization imaging. Currently, single-layer chiral metamaterials are unfortunately limited by several issues, such as a weaker circular polarization extinction ratio and circular polarization transmittance difference. To tackle these issues, a single-layer transmissive chiral plasma metasurface (SCPMs) suitable for visible wavelength is proposed in this paper. Its basic unit is composed of double orthogonal rectangular slots and a spatial π/4 inclined arrangement of the rectangular slot to constitute a chiral structure. Each rectangular slot structure has characteristics that enable the SCPMs to easily achieve a high circular polarization extinction ratio and strong circular polarization transmittance difference. Both the circular polarization extinction ratio and circular polarization transmittance difference of the SCPMs reach over 1000 and 0.28 at a wavelength of 532 nm, respectively. In addition, the SCPMs is fabricated via the thermally evaporated deposition technique and focused ion beam system. This compact structure coupled with a simple process and excellent properties enhances its applicability for the control and detection of polarization, especially during integration with linear polarizers, to achieve the fabrication of a division-of-focal-plane full-Stokes polarimeter. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanophotonics: Lasers, Gratings and Localized Surface Plasmons)
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27 pages, 6428 KiB  
Article
Residual Interpolation Integrated Pixel-by-Pixel Adaptive Iterative Process for Division of Focal Plane Polarimeters
by Jie Yang, Weiqi Jin, Su Qiu, Fuduo Xue and Meishu Wang
Sensors 2022, 22(4), 1529; https://doi.org/10.3390/s22041529 - 16 Feb 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2594
Abstract
Residual interpolations are effective methods to reduce the instantaneous field-of-view error of division of focal plane (DoFP) polarimeters. However, their guide-image selection strategies are improper, and do not consider the DoFP polarimeters’ spatial sampling modes. Thus, we propose a residual interpolation method with [...] Read more.
Residual interpolations are effective methods to reduce the instantaneous field-of-view error of division of focal plane (DoFP) polarimeters. However, their guide-image selection strategies are improper, and do not consider the DoFP polarimeters’ spatial sampling modes. Thus, we propose a residual interpolation method with a new guide-image selection strategy based on the spatial layout of the pixeled polarizer array to improve the sampling rate of the guide image. The interpolation performance is also improved by the proposed pixel-by-pixel, adaptive iterative process and the weighted average fusion of the results of the minimized residual and minimized Laplacian energy guide filters. Visual and objective evaluations demonstrate the proposed method’s superiority to the existing state-of-the-art methods. The proposed method proves that considering the spatial layout of the pixeled polarizer array on the physical level is vital to improving the performance of interpolation methods for DoFP polarimeters. Full article
(This article belongs to the Topic Advances in Optical Sensors)
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20 pages, 5949 KiB  
Article
Survey of Demosaicking Methods for Polarization Filter Array Images
by Sofiane Mihoubi, Pierre-Jean Lapray and Laurent Bigué
Sensors 2018, 18(11), 3688; https://doi.org/10.3390/s18113688 - 30 Oct 2018
Cited by 89 | Viewed by 7278
Abstract
Snapshot polarization imaging has gained interest in the last few decades. Recent research and technology achievements defined the polarization Filter Array (PFA). It is dedicated to division-of-focal plane polarimeters, which permits to analyze the direction of light electric field oscillation. Its filters form [...] Read more.
Snapshot polarization imaging has gained interest in the last few decades. Recent research and technology achievements defined the polarization Filter Array (PFA). It is dedicated to division-of-focal plane polarimeters, which permits to analyze the direction of light electric field oscillation. Its filters form a mosaicked pattern, in which each pixel only senses a fraction of the total polarization states, so the other missing polarization states have to be interpolated. As for Color or Spectral Filter Arrays (CFA or SFA), several dedicated demosaicking methods exist in the PFA literature. Such methods are mainly based on spatial correlation disregarding inter-channel correlation. We show that polarization channels are strongly correlated in images. We therefore propose to extend some demosaicking methods from CFA/SFA to PFA, and compare them with those that are PFA-oriented. Objective and subjective analysis show that the pseudo panchromatic image difference method provides the best results and can be used as benchmark for PFA demosaicking. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Snapshot Multi-Band Spectral and Polarization Imaging Systems)
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