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15 pages, 219 KiB  
Article
Abortion, Consistent Social Ethics, and Public Policy: History and Contemporary Implications of American Magisterial Teaching and Action
by James P. O’Sullivan
Religions 2025, 16(6), 692; https://doi.org/10.3390/rel16060692 - 28 May 2025
Viewed by 417
Abstract
While American magisterial teaching has continuously cast abortion as part of a consistent ethic covering a comprehensive and interrelated set of issues affecting human life and dignity, the teaching also entails a set of tensions between the single issue of abortion and the [...] Read more.
While American magisterial teaching has continuously cast abortion as part of a consistent ethic covering a comprehensive and interrelated set of issues affecting human life and dignity, the teaching also entails a set of tensions between the single issue of abortion and the larger framework, and this has been resolved by insisting that the legality of abortion affects all other issues and so deserves special focus; this focus has played out in public policy with detrimental consequences. This essay argues that if the bishops’ goals truly are a reduction in abortions, the promotion of respect for life and human dignity, and the promulgation of a truly comprehensive and consistent ethic, then there must be a change in their approach. This change would consist of a focus on the unintended lethal impacts of illegality, more grassroots arguments aimed at changing cultural attitudes, and more support—in both rhetoric and action—for measures that work, including but not limited to the myriad levels of structural justice for the poor and women in particular. These actions would, in turn, reinforce the consistent ethic. Further, the bishops should disavow a single-issue approach and move toward an actually comprehensive approach to public policy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Religions and Theologies)
12 pages, 170 KiB  
Essay
In Search of a Christian Social Order: T.S. Eliot as a Follower of Maritain
by Sebastian Morello
Religions 2025, 16(4), 479; https://doi.org/10.3390/rel16040479 - 8 Apr 2025
Viewed by 360
Abstract
It is often said that Jacques Maritain, having disavowed his earlier right-wing political views, became a foremost enthusiast for liberalism among the Catholic cognoscenti of the mid-20th century. In this paper, I suggest that there is another reading of Maritain, one found in [...] Read more.
It is often said that Jacques Maritain, having disavowed his earlier right-wing political views, became a foremost enthusiast for liberalism among the Catholic cognoscenti of the mid-20th century. In this paper, I suggest that there is another reading of Maritain, one found in the thought of T.S. Eliot, whose political thought was, by his own insistence, inspired by his study of Maritain. In Eliot’s reception and use of Maritain, the modern age has not put an end to the traditional Christian teaching that Jesus Christ’s authority must be acknowledged not only by private individuals but by all temporal, political powers. Rather, the complexities of the modern age have brought to the fore the priority of personal holiness—and by extension, the holiness of the Christian community—in establishing a Christian social order over any causal power of legislative or executive acts by political leaders. In developing my case, I indicate that Eliot emphasises the categorically embodied character of the Christian life, and I highlight that the corollary of this observation is that Christian integralists and secular liberals may be falling into precisely the same error, namely the privileging of abstract schemas over existential spiritual and moral transformation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Catholic Theologies of Culture)
19 pages, 1996 KiB  
Article
Falling Back in Love with Trans-Inclusive Feminism: Canadian Creative Artists Re-Story Death and Choose Transformation
by Devon Harvey
Humanities 2025, 14(1), 4; https://doi.org/10.3390/h14010004 - 8 Jan 2025
Viewed by 1120
Abstract
Prevailing political and popular narratives often treat the issue of trans death as an inevitability and reduce complex stories of trans life to their endings. This paper investigates the transformative potential of creative forms of resistance—specifically a selection of Canadian poetry, personal essays, [...] Read more.
Prevailing political and popular narratives often treat the issue of trans death as an inevitability and reduce complex stories of trans life to their endings. This paper investigates the transformative potential of creative forms of resistance—specifically a selection of Canadian poetry, personal essays, and comics—and how their artistic affordances engage with transfeminism as an approach to narratives of trans existence. Rooted in Canadian author Kai Cheng Thom’s reckoning with the shortcomings of trans-exclusionary feminist thought, and informed by Chinua Achebe’s conceptualization of re-storying, this article explores how I Hope We Choose Love and Falling Back in Love with Being Human by Kai Cheng Thom, Death Threat by Canadian creatives Vivek Shraya and Ness Lee, and comics from Assigned Male by trans activist and Canadian comic artist Sophie Labelle re-story “necessary” trans death to orient queer death spaces around a trans-for-trans (t4t) praxis of narrativization. Addressing the (inter)disciplinary possibilities of trans-inclusive feminism and comics studies, this article celebrates how these texts disavow and re-story the “Good” Trans Character, who dies to satisfy transmisogynistic ideologies, and theorizes the T4t Dead Trans Character, who dies to reclaim instances of trans death and recodify trans personhood as a site of hope, agency, and self-determination. In their re-storying, these texts recognize the transformative potential of trans existence and echo Thom in their urging of trans-inclusive feminism to renounce narratives of disposability and invest in the dignity of all human life. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feminism and Comics Studies)
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16 pages, 314 KiB  
Article
Susceptibility and Resilience, a Fig Tree and a Scream
by Rebecca Saunders
Philosophies 2024, 9(3), 68; https://doi.org/10.3390/philosophies9030068 - 14 May 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1880
Abstract
Analyzing two key figures in Elif Shafak’s novel The Island of Missing Trees—a schoolgirl’s scream and a narrating fig tree—this essay analyzes the intersection between susceptibility and resilience, particularly as these terms are developed in psychology, trauma studies, and ecology. I argue [...] Read more.
Analyzing two key figures in Elif Shafak’s novel The Island of Missing Trees—a schoolgirl’s scream and a narrating fig tree—this essay analyzes the intersection between susceptibility and resilience, particularly as these terms are developed in psychology, trauma studies, and ecology. I argue that the novel’s resonant scream critiques the discourse of psychological resilience on multiple counts: its inadequacy as a response to complex trauma, its focus on autonomous individuals, its assumption that responsibility for resilience rests on victims rather than perpetrators of harm, its construction of a “resistance imperative” and its disavowal of the inequalities in access to resilience-building resources. By contrast, the novel’s fig tree, I contend, exemplifies an ecological model of resilience rooted in a recognition of the interdependence of the multiple and diverse organisms that comprise an ecosystem, and of susceptibility as an advantageous suite of capacities that are crucial to resilience. These contrasting conceptions of resilience lead me to advocate for a politics of susceptibility, an eco-psychosocial politics based on the recognition that individuals cannot become resilient on their own, through their own volition, intention, or “self-efficacy”, and that focuses instead on building systemic and sustainable forms of resilience inclusive of the diverse subjects that comprise a community, society or ecosystem; that, rather than fetishizing independence, liberty and rights, fortifies interdependence and reinforces mutual responsibilities; and that rather than exploiting susceptibility as a weakness, nurtures it as the soul of resilience itself. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Susceptibilities: Toward a Cultural Politics of Consent under Erasure)
15 pages, 266 KiB  
Article
Cripping Girlhood on Service Dog Tok
by Anastasia Todd
Societies 2024, 14(2), 30; https://doi.org/10.3390/soc14020030 - 19 Feb 2024
Viewed by 2383
Abstract
This article explores how disabled girl handlers crip girlhood on service dog tok, the emergent subculture on TikTok comprised of disabled handlers who upload and post videos about their everyday life in partnership with a service dog. Looking at the TikTok accounts and [...] Read more.
This article explores how disabled girl handlers crip girlhood on service dog tok, the emergent subculture on TikTok comprised of disabled handlers who upload and post videos about their everyday life in partnership with a service dog. Looking at the TikTok accounts and self-representational practices of three disabled girl handlers—Ava of @avaandcheddar, Claire of @rosie.the.sd, and Lexy of @muslimservicedogmom28—this article traces how their videos evince an audio–visual representation of interspecies intimacy, a becoming with, that complicates the familiar story of the disabled girl handler/service dog dyad that one might see or scroll past online—one of rehabilitative exceptionalism, disability disavowal, and chrononormative understandings of girlhood. On service dog tok, Ava, Claire, Lexy, and their service dogs broadcast the quotidian and move against a service dog sentimentalism that seeks to depoliticize disability and the relationship between disabled handlers and their service dogs. Their videos produce and circulate a nuanced understanding of interdependence, care, and ableism forged via the mutual entanglement with their service dogs. Ultimately, this article argues that disabled girl handlers on service dog tok upend what we think we know about disabled girls and girlhoods, recasting the meanings ascribed to their bodyminds, experiences, and their relationships with their service dogs in their own terms. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Disability and the Media)
13 pages, 298 KiB  
Article
Missing in Action: Where’s the Unconscious in Anti-Racist “Unconscious Bias Training”?
by Ilan Kapoor and Sheila L. Cavanagh
Humanities 2024, 13(1), 18; https://doi.org/10.3390/h13010018 - 19 Jan 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 4284
Abstract
This article carries out a psychoanalytic and political critique of recent attempts at fighting racism, focusing on antiracist “unconscious bias training” at universities and in international development. It claims that these regimes of institutional training depend on knowledge- and awareness-based education of university [...] Read more.
This article carries out a psychoanalytic and political critique of recent attempts at fighting racism, focusing on antiracist “unconscious bias training” at universities and in international development. It claims that these regimes of institutional training depend on knowledge- and awareness-based education of university staff and international cooperants, thereby not only negating the significant psychoanalytic dimensions of racism, but also disavowing any meaningful or collective engagement precisely with the unconscious. The political consequence is the treatment of racism as both symptom and individualized responsibility, thereby depoliticizing the struggle against global/structural racism. The article concludes by considering what a psychoanalytic antiracist politics might look like. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Global Antiracism)
19 pages, 1901 KiB  
Article
Letter Troubles: Rereading Futon in Conversation with Japan’s Epistolary Discourse
by Kevin Niehaus
Humanities 2023, 12(4), 57; https://doi.org/10.3390/h12040057 - 29 Jun 2023
Viewed by 1939
Abstract
Scholarship on letters in modern Japanese literature typically describes their discursive transformation from objects of practical import to texts of literary significance in the late Meiji 30s and 40s, a transformation contemporaneous to and engendered by the sudden explosion of interest in autobiographical [...] Read more.
Scholarship on letters in modern Japanese literature typically describes their discursive transformation from objects of practical import to texts of literary significance in the late Meiji 30s and 40s, a transformation contemporaneous to and engendered by the sudden explosion of interest in autobiographical literary texts. Such an approach, however, unintentionally denigrates the complexity of late-Meiji era fiction’s negotiation with the epistolary discourse that flourished in this era. Seeking a broader engagement with this hitherto underexamined discourse, I take Tayama Katai’s (1872–1930) famous I-novel, The Quilt (1907), as a test case, arguing that the letters embedded there engage with the contemporary conversation on letters on four levels: content, linguistic style, subjectivity, and hermeneutics. I argue that, far from reaffirming the overlap between letters and literature, Katai’s text evinces a consistently oppositional stance toward contemporary epistolary dogma, problematizing, interrogating, and subverting it at every turn. I conclude by proposing that this defiant stance toward typical conceptualizations of the letter is common to other I-novels of the period, suggesting that the I-novel was only born through a conspicuous disavowal of the letter form. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modern Japanese Literature and the Media Industry)
8 pages, 191 KiB  
Article
“A Fun and Funky Disco Pastiche”: David Crowder Confronts Evangelical Performance Anxiety
by Joshua Kalin Busman
Religions 2023, 14(4), 548; https://doi.org/10.3390/rel14040548 - 19 Apr 2023
Viewed by 1678
Abstract
Within evangelical communities, “worship” and “performance” are often diametrically opposed, with the latter instantly evoking damning connotations of pretense or artifice. This leads many artists to utilize a strategy of disavowal to legitimize their music-making as worship—erasing the “performance” category in order to [...] Read more.
Within evangelical communities, “worship” and “performance” are often diametrically opposed, with the latter instantly evoking damning connotations of pretense or artifice. This leads many artists to utilize a strategy of disavowal to legitimize their music-making as worship—erasing the “performance” category in order to highlight the ultimate worshipful aim of their actions. David Crowder, especially during his lengthy tenure with the David Crowder*Band (DC*B), places performative elements front and center through calculated uses of sound in live performances and on recordings. My analysis in this essay will focus on the ways that David Crowder legitimates “performance” as its own distinct musical space, using a dialectical move to navigate the performance/worship problem by emphasizing its divide rather than simply trying to erase it. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Performing and Performance in Contemporary Musical Worship)
13 pages, 275 KiB  
Article
“God, Guns, and Guts”: Christian Nationalism from a Psychoanalytic Perspective
by Pamela Cooper-White
Religions 2023, 14(3), 292; https://doi.org/10.3390/rel14030292 - 21 Feb 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 6598
Abstract
This article explores the motivations behind adherents to Christian nationalism using several inter-related psychoanalytic theoretical lenses. Following a description of Christian nationalist beliefs, four conscious motivations for joining will be outlined first, including recruitment tactics/evangelization that fulfill the need for belonging and a [...] Read more.
This article explores the motivations behind adherents to Christian nationalism using several inter-related psychoanalytic theoretical lenses. Following a description of Christian nationalist beliefs, four conscious motivations for joining will be outlined first, including recruitment tactics/evangelization that fulfill the need for belonging and a sense of sacred purpose, the fear of loss of white social status, fear of loss of patriarchal authority and hierarchy, and the allure of conspiracy theories such as QAnon for conservative Christians. This will be followed by a more in-depth discussion of unconscious dynamics that can fuel individuals’ adoption of a Christian-nationalist belief system, including group dynamics and Freud’s insights into the power of a charismatic leader, the allure of guns reflecting deeper unconscious fears of emasculation, paranoid splitting and the role of trauma, and, finally, the ways in which this segment of American Christianity may be unconsciously carrying disavowed and split-off aggression towards other Christians—and how better integration might be achieved through nonviolent resistance to injustice, and positive political engagement. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in the Dialogue between Psychoanalysis and Religion)
23 pages, 4181 KiB  
Review
Natural Esters for Green Transformers: Challenges and Keys for Improved Serviceability
by Samson Okikiola Oparanti, Ungarala Mohan Rao and Issouf Fofana
Energies 2023, 16(1), 61; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16010061 - 21 Dec 2022
Cited by 42 | Viewed by 7250
Abstract
The service of mineral insulating oils for power transformer insulation and cooling aspects cannot be disavowed. However, the continued use of mineral oils is questionable due to environmental unfriendliness and the divestment from fossil fuels. This has provoked the quest for green alternative [...] Read more.
The service of mineral insulating oils for power transformer insulation and cooling aspects cannot be disavowed. However, the continued use of mineral oils is questionable due to environmental unfriendliness and the divestment from fossil fuels. This has provoked the quest for green alternative insulating liquids for high-voltage insulation. Natural esters are among the remaining alternatives that are renewable and environmentally friendly. Regardless of their environmental and technical merits, natural esters have some limitations that are slowing down their total acceptance by transformer owners and utilities. Critical limitations and concerns include esters’ pour point, viscosity, oxidative stability, and ionization resistance. In this work, the state of the art of “natural esters for transformers” is explored with the aim of potential improvements. The sections of the article are geared towards technical viewpoints on improving the overall workability and serviceability of natural esters in high-voltage applications. A comprehensive review of the existing literature is achieved, based on performance improvements of the natural ester using “additives” and “chemical modification”. The authors hope that this report may be helpful to transformer owners as well as influence the progression of natural esters for power transformer applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insulation Materials for Smart Power Equipment)
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53 pages, 1447 KiB  
Article
The Process of Eco-Anxiety and Ecological Grief: A Narrative Review and a New Proposal
by Panu Pihkala
Sustainability 2022, 14(24), 16628; https://doi.org/10.3390/su142416628 - 12 Dec 2022
Cited by 78 | Viewed by 34134
Abstract
As the ecological crisis grows more intense, people experience many forms of eco-anxiety and ecological grief. This article explores the broad process of encountering eco-anxiety and ecological grief, and engages in the constructive task of building a new model of that process. Eco-anxiety [...] Read more.
As the ecological crisis grows more intense, people experience many forms of eco-anxiety and ecological grief. This article explores the broad process of encountering eco-anxiety and ecological grief, and engages in the constructive task of building a new model of that process. Eco-anxiety and grief are here seen as fundamentally healthy reactions to threats and loss, and only the strongest forms of them are seen as problems. The aim is to help researchers, various professionals and the general public by providing a model which is (a) simple enough but (b) more nuanced than stage models which may give a false impression of linearity. The article uses an interdisciplinary method. The proposed new model includes both chronological and thematic aspects. The early phases of Unknowing and Semi-consciousness are followed potentially by some kind of Awakening and various kinds of Shock and possible trauma. A major feature of the model is the following complex phase of Coping and Changing, which is framed as consisting of three major dimensions: Action (pro-environmental behavior of many kinds), Grieving (including other emotional engagement), and Distancing (including both self-care and problematic disavowal). The model predicts that if there is trouble in any of these three dimensions, adjusting will be more difficult. The model thus helps in seeing, e.g., the importance of self-care for coping. The possibility of stronger eco-anxiety and/or eco-depression is always present, including the danger of burnout. The ethical and psychological aim is called Adjustment and Transformation, which includes elements of, e.g., meaning-finding and acceptance. The need for Coping and Changing continues, but there is more awareness and flexibility in a metaphase of Living with the Ecological Crisis, where the titles and subtitles of the three dimensions of coping are switched. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Psychology of Sustainability: Expanding the Scope)
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12 pages, 1284 KiB  
Article
Loyalty and Identity Formation: Muslim Perceptions of Loyalty in France
by Abdessamad Belhaj
Religions 2022, 13(11), 1060; https://doi.org/10.3390/rel13111060 - 4 Nov 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2536
Abstract
This paper sets out to study loyalty as identity formation through the cases of three Muslim leaders in France (T. Ramadan, A. Mamoun and M. Zenati). First, I will discuss the state of research on “Muslim loyalties” in the West. Afterwards, Ramadan’s concept [...] Read more.
This paper sets out to study loyalty as identity formation through the cases of three Muslim leaders in France (T. Ramadan, A. Mamoun and M. Zenati). First, I will discuss the state of research on “Muslim loyalties” in the West. Afterwards, Ramadan’s concept of critical loyalties, Mamoun’s loyalty as gratitude, and Zenati’s human brotherhood as the basis of loyalty will be thoroughly examined. The main goal of the current study is to determine how the three Muslim leaders incorporate loyalty as an element of shaping the identity of French Muslim citizens while attempting to resolve the current tensions between the French state and Islam. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Muslim Identity Formation in Contemporary Societies)
16 pages, 403 KiB  
Article
A Novel Undeniable (t, n)-Threshold Signature with Cheater Identification
by Yi-Fan Tseng and Yan-Bin Lin
Symmetry 2022, 14(6), 1118; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym14061118 - 29 May 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2533
Abstract
A digital signature is one of the most widely used cryptographic primitives in asymmetry cryptography. According to the security requirements in different symmetry or asymmetry network models, various digital signatures have been developed in the literature. To protect the right of the signer, [...] Read more.
A digital signature is one of the most widely used cryptographic primitives in asymmetry cryptography. According to the security requirements in different symmetry or asymmetry network models, various digital signatures have been developed in the literature. To protect the right of the signer, Chaum and Antrepen first introduced the concept of an undeniable signature, where interactive protocols are needed for the verification process. Besides, a signer can, also, perform a disavowal protocol to prove that they did not sign the message. On the other hand, threshold cryptography is, usually, used to protect the system from a single point of failure. In a (t,n)-threshold signature scheme, as long as t people in the group of n people participate, the signature can be smoothly signed. By combining these two features, an undeniable threshold signature enjoys the advantages from both sides. After our survey, we found that the existing undeniable threshold signature schemes are either insecure or apply impractical assumptions. Thus, in this manuscript, we aim at designing a novel and provably secure undeniable threshold signature scheme. The proposed scheme is formally proven to be unforgeable and invisible. Besides, our scheme supports cheater identification, which allows one to find the cheater, when a signing protocol fails. Moreover, the proposed scheme can be performed without the help of trusted third parties or secure cryptographic modules, which would be more practical when our scheme is deployed in real-world applications. Full article
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19 pages, 360 KiB  
Review
Beyond the Screen: Violence and Aggression towards Women within an Excepted Online Space
by Shireen Bernstein, Wayne A. Warburton, Kay Bussey and Naomi Sweller
Sexes 2022, 3(1), 78-96; https://doi.org/10.3390/sexes3010007 - 21 Jan 2022
Viewed by 6502
Abstract
This theoretical review explores the possibility that the consumption of internet pornography (IP) represents a credible risk factor in the perpetration of aggression and violence against women. Sexual violence, abuse, and degradation of women is commonly depicted in mainstream heterosexual IP. Despite the [...] Read more.
This theoretical review explores the possibility that the consumption of internet pornography (IP) represents a credible risk factor in the perpetration of aggression and violence against women. Sexual violence, abuse, and degradation of women is commonly depicted in mainstream heterosexual IP. Despite the violent tenor, the effect this material may have on beliefs, attitudes and behaviors is understudied, as are the reasons why violent and degrading IP is so widely viewed, enjoyed, and accepted. Both theory and empirical findings support the contention that depictions of violence in IP may contribute to real world aggression and violence against women, with two relevant spheres of inquiry proposed in this theoretical review. The first considers IP as a ‘zone of cultural exception’, in which the perpetration of violent and degrading acts against women are eroticized and celebrated, despite such behaviors being considered antisocial in wider society. It is suggested that this excepted status is enabled by the operation of the third person effect to negate the detrimental effects of IP. The second explores the objectification and dehumanization of women in IP and the use of moral disengagement by viewers to enable their disavowal of any harm in the depicted violence. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sexual Relationships, Sexual Behaviors and Gender-Based Violence)
17 pages, 496 KiB  
Article
A Verifiable Arbitrated Quantum Signature Scheme Based on Controlled Quantum Teleportation
by Dianjun Lu, Zhihui Li, Jing Yu and Zhaowei Han
Entropy 2022, 24(1), 111; https://doi.org/10.3390/e24010111 - 11 Jan 2022
Cited by 24 | Viewed by 2518
Abstract
In this paper, we present a verifiable arbitrated quantum signature scheme based on controlled quantum teleportation. The five-qubit entangled state functions as a quantum channel. The proposed scheme uses mutually unbiased bases particles as decoy particles and performs unitary operations on these decoy [...] Read more.
In this paper, we present a verifiable arbitrated quantum signature scheme based on controlled quantum teleportation. The five-qubit entangled state functions as a quantum channel. The proposed scheme uses mutually unbiased bases particles as decoy particles and performs unitary operations on these decoy particles, applying the functional values of symmetric bivariate polynomial. As such, eavesdropping detection and identity authentication can both be executed. The security analysis shows that our scheme can neither be disavowed by the signatory nor denied by the verifier, and it cannot be forged by any malicious attacker. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Practical Quantum Communication)
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