Search Results (889)

Background/Objectives: Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is an effective intervention for promoting personal recovery among individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia; however, Saudi Arabia has a shortage of healthcare professionals trained to deliver it. Mental health nurses are well positioned to help address this gap. This study explored mental health nurses’ perspectives on a proposed culturally adapted CBT intervention for individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia and identified perceived barriers and facilitators to its implementation. Methods: Situated within the development phase of the Medical Research Council framework for complex interventions, the study examined perceived acceptability and anticipated feasibility rather than efficacy. Three face-to-face focus groups involving 19 mental health nurses were conducted between December 2020 and February 2021 at a tertiary mental health hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, during the COVID-19 pandemic. The focus group questions were informed by a systematic review of culturally adapted CBT components, and data were analysed using framework analysis. Results: Three themes emerged: acceptability, with nurses recognising the value of CBT in promoting recovery; barriers, including lack of role clarity within mental health nursing policy, dominance of the medical model, and engagement difficulties among individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia; and facilitators, including supportive nursing management, training opportunities, and family involvement. Conclusions: Mental health nurses expressed support for delivering CBT but identified organisational and training-related barriers. Successful implementation will require clear policy frameworks, structured culturally adapted CBT training, ongoing clinical supervision, supportive nursing management, and collaborative approaches that appropriately involve families. Full article

POI and EOI are rare but impactful conditions among adolescents and young adults (AYAs). Little is known about the timing and incidence of mental health (MH) conditions among AYAs diagnosed with POI/EOI. Data were collected using MarketScan Medicaid administrative claims among females aged 12–25 with POI/EOI. Merative™ MarketScan^® Research Databases are large, de-identified U.S. administrative healthcare claims databases that contain individual-level information on enrollment, inpatient and outpatient medical services, and outpatient prescription drug claims. The databases include commercially insured individuals, Medicare beneficiaries with employer-sponsored supplemental coverage, and selected Medicaid populations. Claims are linked longitudinally using unique encrypted patient identifiers, allowing individuals to be followed over time across healthcare settings. In addition to healthcare utilization, the databases include demographic characteristics, diagnosis and procedure codes, dates of service, and payment information, making them well suited for epidemiologic, health services, and outcomes research. We characterized prevalence and timing of MH diagnoses, examined MH subtypes, and estimated new-onset MH among those without prior MH. Comparisons were made to demographically matched controls without POI/EOI (matched on age and calendar time) and to diagnosis-anchored comparator groups. Among 859 AYAs with POI/EOI, 53.9% had any MH diagnosis, including 32.9% with MH diagnoses before and after POI/EOI diagnosis and 11.9% with new-onset MH after POI/EOI diagnosis. Of all anxiety disorders, 60.1% were present pre- and post-diagnosis, while 25.4% were new-onset after diagnosis. Depressive disorders showed a similar pattern, with 58.1% being pre- and post-diagnosis MH group and 22.3% being new-onset. In total, 49.4% of individuals with trauma-related disorders had the diagnosis both before and after POI/EOI diagnosis, while 30.1% had it as a new-onset. In adjusted models, POI/EOI was associated with increased odds of MH diagnoses after diagnosis (aOR ~2.1, 95% CI ~1.4–3.1). Prior MH diagnoses were the strongest predictor of MH after diagnosis (aOR ~12.1). AYAs with POI/EOI experience substantial MH burden, with elevated risk of new-onset MH conditions following diagnosis. Findings highlight the importance of early MH screening and integrated care models for AYAs. Full article

Background: Omega-3 fatty acids may be relevant to mental health, but evidence among university students remains limited. This small exploratory cross-sectional study examined associations between estimated dietary omega-3 intake and anxiety and depressive symptoms among university students in the UK. Methods: Data were collected between February and May 2025. Habitual dietary EPA + DHA and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) intakes were estimated using an adapted omega-3 food-frequency questionnaire, while 24-h dietary recall was used to estimate energy intake. Anxiety and depressive symptoms were assessed using the GAD-7 and PHQ-9. The primary association between estimated dietary EPA + DHA intake and GAD-7 score was examined using linear regression adjusted for age, sex, energy intake, and alcohol use. Analyses involving ALA and PHQ-9 were exploratory. Results: Of 96 students recruited, 50 (52.1%) were analysed after 46 exclusions, most commonly for omega-3 supplement use (n = 21) or diagnosed mental-health conditions (n = 16). Mean GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scores were 6.66 ± 4.73 and 7.02 ± 4.76, respectively. In the fully adjusted model, each additional 100 mg/day of estimated dietary EPA + DHA intake was associated with a 0.325-point lower GAD-7 score, but the association was not statistically significant (B = −0.325; 95% CI: −0.725 to 0.074; p = 0.108). Exploratory analyses found no significant associations of estimated dietary EPA + DHA or ALA intake with anxiety or depressive symptoms. The inverse coefficient lost statistical significance after full adjustment, and the log-transformed coefficient reversed direction and remained non-significant, arguing against a consistent dose–response relationship. Conclusions: Estimated dietary EPA + DHA intake showed an inverse but inconclusive association with anxiety symptoms in this small exploratory sample. These preliminary findings are hypothesis-generating and require confirmation in larger longitudinal studies using repeated dietary assessments and biomarkers of omega-3 status. Full article

Polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome (PMOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in working women. Workplace screening could contribute to the early diagnosis and treatment of this chronic condition. Fertile women who participated in a 2022 health food promotion campaign and had suspected eating disorders, overweight/obesity, metabolic abnormalities, sleep problems, or mental health concerns were interviewed about PMOS symptoms during their in-office medical examination. Twenty-eight of the 1170 women examined had symptoms of suspected PMOS. By 2023, 21 of these diagnoses had been confirmed by specialists. The prevalence of newly diagnosed PMOS among the women of childbearing age was 2.7% (CI95% 1.7; 4.2). The confirmation rate of the clinical suspicion of PMOS was 75% (CI95% 55.1; 89.3). Female workers with newly identified PMOS had a significantly higher frequency of eating disorders than their pre-menopausal colleagues and higher body mass index values, higher glycemia, and higher cholesterol values. PMOS patients also had higher depression symptom scores than other workers of childbearing age. In conclusion, with a short interview during mandatory medical examinations, the occupational physician can make a significant contribution to the diagnosis of PMOS, thereby hopefully improving the quality of life of women and reducing damage to their health. Full article

This study examined differences between daily and non-daily nicotine pouch (NP) use by adults across various contexts in the United States (U.S.). Data were drawn from a cross-sectional survey of adults (≥18 years) reporting past-year NP use (N = 1009). Differences between daily and non-daily use groups were assessed using chi-square tests. Among the sample, 17.5% reported daily NP use. Daily use was associated with greater intensity, higher nicotine strength, and distinct situational use, including at home, while commuting, and at work or school (all p < 0.01). Adults who used daily more often endorsed motivations related to stress reduction, craving management, convenience, and product appeal (p ≤ 0.03). Daily use was linked to perceiving NPs as less harmful relative to combustible and smokeless tobacco, and more addictive relative to combustible, vaporized, and smokeless products (p < 0.05). Current and former use of combustible tobacco products, but not other substances, was common and varied by daily/non-daily use. Finally, adults who used daily were more likely to report a diagnosed mental or behavioral health condition (p = 0.002). Daily NP use reflects more intensive and contextually flexible use with distinct motivations and perceptions, underscoring heterogeneity in use patterns and the need for continued surveillance and longitudinal research on potential health implications. Full article

Background/Objectives: Psychological distress, including symptoms of anxiety and depression, is common among individuals with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and may adversely affect well-being and disease management. However, routine assessment of mental health is not consistently integrated into clinical care. This study assessed the prevalence of anxiety and depression among patients newly diagnosed with IBD at diagnosis and after three months of treatment and explored associations between psychological symptoms, disease activity, and clinical characteristics. Methods: This prospective cohort study included 304 adults newly diagnosed with IBD and treated at Stavanger University Hospital between 2012 and 2019. Symptoms of anxiety and depression were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale at baseline and after three months. Disease activity was evaluated using the Harvey–Bradshaw Index and Partial Mayo Score. Clinical variables included C-reactive protein, faecal calprotectin, folate, cobalamin, and body mass index. Multivariable regression analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with psychological symptoms. Results: The prevalence of anxiety decreased from 29.8% at diagnosis to 21.6% after three months, while the prevalence of combined anxiety and depression declined from 22.2% to 16.3%. The prevalence of depression alone remained stable over time. Higher disease activity, particularly as measured by the Harvey–Bradshaw Index, showed the strongest association with anxiety and depressive symptoms. However, after adjustment for potential confounders, no significant improvement in psychological symptoms was observed, suggesting that the association between time and HADS scores may be explained by changes in one or more measured covariates. Conclusions: Psychological symptoms remained common during the first months following an IBD diagnosis and were closely associated with disease activity. Medical treatment alone was insufficient to achieve meaningful improvements in mental health outcomes. These findings highlight the importance of systematic psychological assessment, early identification of emotional distress, and integrated multidisciplinary care, including nursing-led screening and supportive interventions, for individuals newly diagnosed with IBD. Full article

Background/Objectives: The objectives of this study were to compare emotional well-being, depressive symptoms, and psychiatric medication use between adults with and without diabetes in Spain and to identify sex-specific factors associated with these outcomes among individuals with diabetes. Methods: A population-based matched study was conducted using data from the 2023 Spanish National Health Survey (SNHS 2023). Adults aged ≥35 years with physician-diagnosed diabetes were individually matched (1:1) to controls without diabetes according to sex, exact age, and autonomous community of residence. Low emotional well-being (WHO-5 score < 50), clinically relevant depressive symptoms (PHQ-8 ≥ 10), and psychiatric medication use were assessed. Conditional logistic regression and sex-specific multivariable logistic regression models were fitted. Results: The study included 3710 participants (1855 with diabetes and 1855 matched controls without diabetes). The prevalence of low emotional well-being was significantly higher among participants with diabetes than among matched controls in both men (16.4% vs. 11.6%; p = 0.004) and women (28.8% vs. 21.6%; p < 0.001). Likewise, clinically relevant depressive symptoms were more frequent among individuals with diabetes (men: 32.7% vs. 24.9%, p < 0.001; women: 54.4% vs. 40.2%, p < 0.001), as was psychiatric medication use (men: 20.5% vs. 15.2%, p = 0.005; women: 39.5% vs. 30.2%, p < 0.001). After full adjustment, diabetes remained independently associated with low emotional well-being (men: aOR 1.48, 95% CI 1.03–2.13; women: aOR 1.43, 95% CI 1.14–1.78), depressive symptoms (men: aOR 1.31, 95% CI 1.02–1.69; women: aOR 1.38, 95% CI 1.08–1.77), and psychiatric medication use (men: aOR 1.34, 95% CI 1.02–1.75; women: aOR 1.35, 95% CI 1.06–1.73). Poor social support, physical inactivity, and several chronic comorbidities emerged as the factors most consistently associated with adverse mental health outcomes among individuals with diabetes. Conclusions: Adults with diabetes in Spain experience a substantially greater burden of adverse mental health than matched individuals without diabetes. Integrating routine mental health assessment and psychosocial support into diabetes care may help improve both psychological well-being and disease management. Full article

Background: Worldwide, around 400,000 children are diagnosed with cancer every year. Understanding survivors’ social and stigma-related experiences may help address their needs and improve their outcomes. Objectives: To explore the social and stigma-related experiences, coping strategies, and support needs of pediatric cancer survivors in Newfoundland and Labrador, a province of Canada. Methods: This is a qualitative, cross-sectional study focusing on retrospective participant experiences. Eligibility criteria included being diagnosed with cancer before the age of 18 and being diagnosed or treated in the province. Extensive recruitment activities were employed. Data collection occurred through semi-structured virtual interviews and completion of a sociodemographic survey. Participant interviews were transcribed verbatim, and themes were identified iteratively through inductive thematic analysis. Descriptive statistics were used to define the participants’ sociodemographic characteristics. Results: Seven participants were recruited. Thematic analysis identified five major themes: (i) isolation and being treated differently; (ii) support received, coping mechanisms, and support needs; (iii) resilience and interest to give back; (iv) workplace and disability related experiences; and (v) additional impacts of cancer. Our results showed that participants received substantial social support in various ways but inadequate professional mental health support. School was a significant setting for cancer-related stigmatization. Discrimination in the workplace was rare and was disability-related rather than cancer-related. Conclusions: Our results show that there are significant issues to address, such as stigma and isolation experienced by pediatric cancer survivors as well as the need to improve the psychosocial support programs offered to them. Our results also show that the participants had distinct lived experiences compared to adult-onset cancer populations. Overall, the findings presented are expected to inform further studies and healthcare-education policies to help address these issues and improve the experiences of pediatric cancer survivors. Full article

Employment is an important determinant of psychological, social, and economic wellbeing, yet individuals with mental health disorders often face barriers to workforce participation. This study examined the impact of mental health disclosure on perceptions of trustworthiness, job suitability, and value to the company, focusing on Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), Emotionally Unstable Personality Disorder (EUPD), and schizophrenia. Using experimental vignette methodology, 330 participants evaluated a job candidate before and after a simulated HR background check, which revealed either no diagnosed mental disorder (control condition) or a diagnosis of MDD, EUPD, or schizophrenia. Quantitative analyses indicated that disclosure of mental disorders was associated with declines in perceived trustworthiness, suitability, and value. Qualitative thematic analysis revealed that hiring decisions were guided by concerns about emotional stability, absenteeism, and reputational risk, tempered by considerations of fairness, support, and reasonable workplace adjustments. Across the mental health disorder conditions, rejection rates were relatively low (6–16%). The findings highlight the nuanced role of HR background checks (which can include social media checks) in shaping employability evaluations. The study contributes to understanding how disclosure of mental disorders influences employability perceptions and provides practical implications for fostering inclusive employment practices. Full article

Patients in forensic mental health services (FMHS) with co-occurring mental disorders (MD), substance use disorders (SUD), and a history of violent crime—often referred to as the “triply troubled”—represent one of the most clinically complex and poorly researched patient populations. Standard diagnostics tend to treat this group as homogeneous, which may impede the development of patient-centred treatment and risk management. This study aimed to identify patient subgroups within this population based on patterns of MDs, substance use history, and aggressive antisocial behaviour (AAB). A latent class analysis (LCA) was conducted using clinical data from 119 patients at a high-security FMHS facility in Sweden. Indicator variables included lifetime diagnoses of SUD and MDs and types of substances used. History of AAB and criminal offending were used as distal outcomes. A four-class solution provided the best model fit. Class 1 (polysubstance, high AAB; 100% SUD probability) and Class 4 (polysubstance, bipolar disorder; 49% SUD probability) exhibited pronounced criminal and AAB history. Class 2 (psychosis and cannabis-limited substance use) and Class 3 (autism and limited substance use) represented less criminologically ladened subgroups. Notably, Classes 1 and 4 shared extensive AAB histories despite differing SUD diagnostic probabilities, highlighting the limitations of diagnosis alone as a basis for risk assessment. The four-class typology offers a clinically meaningful framework for stratifying triply troubled patients in FMHS, aligning with the Risk–Need–Responsivity model and severity-graded treatment recommendations The typology has direct implications for treatment differentiation, relapse prevention, and risk management in forensic psychiatric settings. Full article

Background: Studies indicate that depression and cognitive functions are important issues of mental health, a serious health issue worth evaluating with possible alternative non-medical treatment options in MS patients. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of practice on fatigue, respiratory closure, depression and cognition in patients diagnosed with MS and whether the benefit of Hatha Yoga training is affected by personality structure. Methods: The study included 25 participants between the ages of 18 and 70 who were diagnosed with MS, with an EDSS of 6 and below and who did not show symptoms of depression and did not use antidepressants. Any previous cerebrovascular disease, hypertension (HTN), diabetes mellitus (DM), thyroid dysfunction, or vitamin B12 deficiency was determined as an exclusion criterion. In the study, patients received Hatha Yoga practice 2 days a week for 8 weeks. The MOCA (Montreal Cognitive Assessment) and Beck Depression Scale, personality analysis test, pulmonary function test, and Fatigue Impact Scale were applied to all patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria at the beginning and after the completion of Yoga practice. Results: According to the results obtained, a statistically significant decrease in Beck Depression Inventory scores (p = 0.020) and a significant increase in MOCA Cognitive Test scores (p < 0.001) were detected following the yoga intervention. Although an increase was observed in respiratory capacity (FVC), this change did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.082). These findings demonstrate that yoga practice significantly improves depression levels and cognitive functions. The relationship between the benefits derived from yoga training and personality traits was evaluated using the participants’ Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) profiles. Following the yoga intervention, a statistically significant increase was observed in novelty seeking (p < 0.001) and persistence (p < 0.001). Conversely, participants exhibited a significant decrease in harm avoidance post-yoga (p < 0.001). However, no statistically significant changes were found in reward dependence (p = 0.766) or cooperation (p = 0.181) scores after the intervention. Full article

Although conventionally quantified as an urban–rural thermal anomaly, urban heat islands are systematic expressions of development choices that shape unequal exposures and health risks across cities. This article develops an integrated urban development-health framework explaining how imperviousness, vegetation deficit, landscape configuration, urban morphology, thermally absorptive materials and nocturnal heat retention connect heat exposure with physical disease, mental well-being and climate-responsive planning. A critical integrative review reported using PRISMA 2020 and PRISMA-ScR principles, organised evidence from urban climate, public health, environmental epidemiology and planning. The synthesis covers the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI), Local Climate Zones (LCZs), sky-view factor (SVF), height-to-width ratio (H/W), land-surface temperature (LST), Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI), Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET), wet-bulb globe temperature (WBGT) and nocturnal minimum temperature, together with cardiovascular, respiratory, psychiatric, sleep, mortality and well-being outcomes. Six recurrent amplification pathways were identified: imperviousness and low canopy cover; nocturnal heat retention; social vulnerability; blue-green and cool infrastructure; heat–pollution–humidity interaction; and sleep/mental-health disruption. The Urban Heat-Health Development Index (UHHDI) and Urban Heat-Health Amplification Pattern (UHHAP) are proposed as transparent, review-derived tools for urban diagnosis and policy prioritisation. A Spanish/Mediterranean climatic-zone transition analysis illustrates how future climatic severity can be translated into planning-relevant exposure potential. The findings support a shift from simply describing urban heat to diagnosing development-driven heat-health risk, with implications for urban regeneration, thermal justice, public-health adaptation and healthy-city governance. Full article

Women with endometriosis experience chronic cyclic pelvic pain (CCPP) or chronic persistent pelvic pain (CPPP), both of which may be incapacitating even after treatment. Emotional dysregulation in endometriosis impedes patient recovery. This study evaluated the relationships among emotional state, pain perception, and inflammatory biomarkers (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) in women with endometriosis presenting with CCPP or CPPP. An exploratory, observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, comparative with repeated sampling study was conducted with 52 women diagnosed with endometriosis and experiencing either CPPP or CCPP. Participants completed a psychometric battery including the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), Goldberg General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-30), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Pain perception was assessed using the Wong–Baker Pain Rating Scale (FACES). Saliva samples were collected at baseline, during stressor and recovery phases, and concentrations of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α were determined by ELISA. Fifty-two women with endometriosis were included (CPPP: n = 33; CCPP: n = 19). No significant between group differences were observed in emotional state (HADS: p = 0.682; BDI: p = 0.842), anxiety (STAI-State: p = 0.086; STAI-Trait: p = 0.615), general distress (GHQ-30: p = 0.730), or pain intensity (FACES: p = 0.705). The prevalence of depressive symptoms did not differ between groups (CPPP: 69.7% vs. CCPP: 73.7%; χ² = 0.093, p = 0.760). Salivary cytokine levels (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α) were comparable between groups across all measurement conditions. Spearman correlations revealed uncorrected significance between TNF-α and emotional distress: basal TNF-α correlated inversely with HADS (ρ = −0.292, p = 0.031) and BDI (ρ = −0.278, p = 0.041); TNF-α under stress correlated with HADS (ρ = −0.329, p = 0.014) and GHQ-30 (ρ = −0.271, p = 0.046); and TNF-α during recovery correlated with GHQ-30 (ρ = −0.363, p = 0.006). These findings indicate that CPPP and CCPP were not associated with statistically significant differences in emotional states or salivary cytokine profiles at the group level. Exploratory pos hoc analyses suggested that pain pattern may moderate the association between TNF-α and psychological burden, particularly in the CCPP subgroup; however, these findings require confirmation in larger studies with prespecified analyses. Exploratory analyses suggested patterns between salivary inflammation and psychological burden; however, these findings should be interpreted cautiously because of the small subgroup size, multiple comparisons, and lack of a matched healthy control group. Full article

Background/Objectives: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a complex, chronic autoimmune neuroinflammatory disorder that significantly impacts patients’ health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and increases the burden of healthcare costs. However, evidence that quantifies the covariate-adjusted differences between the MS and non-MS populations is limited due to the presence of outliers, which frequentist approaches may not adequately address. Therefore, this study aims to examine healthcare expenditure and HRQoL in patients with MS compared to the non-MS population using a robust Bayesian approach. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study includes adults ($\ge$18 years) with MS and those without MS using the 2017–2022 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) data. The Bayesian quantile LASSO (BQL) is applied to examine the association between MS and different response variables under three quantile levels. Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) with Gibbs sampling was used to estimate the coefficients from the posterior distribution of model parameters. The convergence of the MCMC chain has also been assessed to ensure the reliability and stability of the posterior estimates. Alternative methods, including Bayesian LASSO and the multivariate Generalized Linear Models (GLMs), are also applied for comparison in both prediction and estimation. Results: The results of the BQL show that for the healthcare expenditures, the estimated total healthcare expenditure in patients diagnosed with MS is $29,860.11 (95% credible interval $27,826.96 to $31,825.63) more compared to those without MS under the quantile level 0.5. With the coefficient −3.16 (95% credible interval −4.31 to −2.07), MS is negatively related to the mental component of VR-12 under the median quantile. Compared with individuals without MS, patients with MS have a 13.40-point lower score on the physical component of the VR-12 (95% credible interval −14.56 to −12.19) at the 0.5 quantile. At the median quantile, BQL achieves prediction errors of 6723.86 for healthcare expenditure, 6.57 and 6.41 for the mental and physical components of the VR-12, respectively. Conclusions: BQL with a quantile level of 0.5 shows the lowest in-sample prediction error when examining the healthcare costs and HRQoL in MS. Full article

Background/Objectives: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in older adults and are frequently associated with multidimensional frailty and reduced quality of life. The present study aimed to investigate the associations among multiple domains of the Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA), including frailty, cognitive status, emotional status, nutritional status, functional status, fall risk, psychological resilience, and perceived quality of life, in older adults with cardiovascular disease. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 100 patients aged ≥60 years admitted to the Geriatrics Department of the “Dr. C.I. Parhon” Clinical Hospital, Iași. Cognitive, emotional, nutritional, and functional status, fall risk, frailty (Fried and Tilburg scales), resilience- Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale-25 (CD-RISC-25), and quality of life- World Health Organization Quality of Life–BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) were assessed. Statistical analysis included chi-square or Fisher’s exact tests and exploratory discrimination analysis using ROC curves. Results: Overall, 61% of participants reported a very good quality of life, whereas the remaining 39% reported a moderately reduced quality of life. Better perceived quality of life was significantly associated with preserved cognitive status, fewer depressive symptoms, better nutritional status, lower frailty (as assessed by both the Fried Frailty Phenotype and the Tilburg Frailty Indicator), preserved functional independence, lower fall risk, and greater psychological resilience (all p < 0.05). In contrast, neither demographic characteristics nor cardiovascular diagnoses were significantly associated with quality of life. Exploratory receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis demonstrated modest discriminatory performance for cognitive status— Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) (AUC = 0.660; p = 0.007), nutritional status— Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) (AUC = 0.624; p = 0.038), and the Tilburg Frailty Indicator (AUC = 0.635; p = 0.024), whereas psychological resilience exhibited an inverse relationship with the predefined outcome (AUC = 0.293; p = 0.001). Conclusions: In hospitalized older adults with cardiovascular disease, perceived quality of life was primarily associated with multidimensional geriatric, functional, nutritional, cognitive, and psychosocial factors, rather than with demographic characteristics or cardiovascular diagnoses. Psychological resilience was identified as an important psychosocial correlate of better perceived quality of life, supporting its inclusion in individualized comprehensive geriatric interventions. These findings highlight the importance of comprehensive geriatric assessment in identifying factors associated with quality of life. Given the cross-sectional design, the observed relationships should be interpreted as associations rather than causal effects and require confirmation in prospective longitudinal studies. Full article