Search Results (5)

A fungal strain (X21156) collected in Tibet was used as the material, identified based on its morphological characteristics and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence; its optimal culture conditions were analyzed by single-factor experiments; artificial domestication and cultivation were carried out; its nutrient composition was determined; and the bioactivities of its polysaccharides were detected using chemical antioxidant assays and MTT assays. The results showed that the strain was Pleurotus citrinopileatus Sing. Its optimal culture conditions were a pH of 7, a temperature of 25 °C, glucose (20 g·L⁻¹) as the carbon source, and yeast powder (20 g·L⁻¹) as the nitrogen source. The fresh weight of a single domesticated fruiting body was 41.16 g. The strain had high protein (28.5%), high fiber (34%), and low fat (1.4%) contents, with high proportions of fresh and sweet amino acids. Polysaccharides had good scavenging ability on ABTS+, DPPH, and OH free radicals (EC₅₀ 0.06 mg/mL, 1.21 mg/mL, and 3.62 mg/mL, respectively), and the cytotoxicity of polysaccharides to hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2) (IC₅₀: 1.69 mg/mL) was higher than that of triple-negative breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-468) (IC₅₀: 1.76 mg/mL). In conclusion, the study provides a reference on the optimal culture conditions, domestication and cultivation, and dietary and medicinal values of wild P. citrinopileatus Sing. Full article

In this study, a low-melting-point polyester nonwoven fabric (L), a nylon spacer fabric (N), and a carbon fiber woven fabric (C) are laminated in different orders and then needle-bonded at a depth of 15.0 cm to form NLC, NLN, CLC, and CLN composites with a sandwich construction. Regardless of the lamination order, four composite types exhibit high tensile strengths and tearing strengths. Based on the ASTM D4935-18 test standard, the electromagnetic wave shielding measurement is conducted in a frequency range of 1~3 GHz. The two groups—NLC and CLN—demonstrate different electromagnetic wave shields, which are −45~−65 dB for the former, and −60 dB for the latter. According to FTTS-FA-003, in the specified requirements of the test method for electromagnetic shielding textiles, the proposed composites achieve level III, which is the highest standard, and are thus qualified for use in the aviation, construction, and commerce fields. Full article

Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites are integral to today’s industries. Curing or consolidation are vital processes for manufacturing CFRP components. Microwave processing has many advantages compared with conventional processing technologies using ovens or autoclaves; however, the uneven temperature distribution caused by the non-uniform microwave field has a significant influence on the quality of the cured products. In this study, we propose a new idea to solve this problem, i.e., limiting the absorption of hot areas. Under such circumstances, cold ones can catch up with them more easily. To adjust the absorbing capability of the CFRP laminate, periodically arranged metallic resonance structures supported by a dielectric spacer are introduced on its surface. The dielectric spacer, made of epoxy matrix and strontium titanate particles, is designed to possess a dielectric constant positively related to temperatures. In this situation, the microwave absorption (2.45 GHz) of the metal-dielectric-CFRP configuration is changed from 97.6% at room temperature to 55.9% at 150 °C continuously. As a result, a reduction of 43.1% in maximum temperature difference and 89% in standard deviation has been achieved. Full article

A new design of direct-contact membrane distillation (DCMD) modules with cross-diagonal carbon-fiber spacers of various hydrodynamic angles in flow channels to promote turbulence intensity was proposed to enhance pure water productivity. Attempts to reduce the temperature polarization coefficient were achieved by inserting cross-diagonal carbon-fiber spacers in channels, which create wakes and eddies in both heat and mass transfer behaviors to enhance the permeate flux enhancement. A simplified equation was formulated to obtain the theoretical predictions of heat transfer coefficients in the current DCMD device. The permeate fluxes and temperature distributions of both hot and cold feed streams are represented graphically with the inlet volumetric flow rate and inlet temperature of the hot saline feed stream as parameters. The higher distillate flux of countercurrent-flow operations for saline water desalination was accomplished as compared to the concurrent-flow operations of various hydrodynamic angles. The results show that the agreement between the theoretical predictions and experimental results is reasonably good. The effects of countercurrent-flow operations and inserting carbon fiber spacers have confirmed technical feasibility and device performance enhancement of up to 45%. The influences of operating and design parameters on the pure water productivity with the expense of energy consumption are also discussed. Full article

We investigated the insertion of eddy promoters into a parallel-plate gas–liquid polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane contactor to effectively enhance carbon dioxide absorption through aqueous amine solutions (monoethanolamide—MEA). In this study, a theoretical model was established and experimental work was performed to predict and to compare carbon dioxide absorption efficiency under concurrent- and countercurrent-flow operations for various MEA feed flow rates, inlet CO₂ concentrations, and channel design conditions. A Sherwood number’s correlated expression was formulated, incorporating experimental data to estimate the mass transfer coefficient of the CO₂ absorption in MEA flowing through a PTFE membrane. Theoretical predictions were calculated and validated through experimental data for the augmented CO₂ absorption efficiency by inserting carbon-fiber spacers as an eddy promoter to reduce the concentration polarization effect. The study determined that a higher MEA feed rate, a lower feed CO₂ concentration, and wider carbon-fiber spacers resulted in a higher CO₂ absorption rate for concurrent- and countercurrent-flow operations. A maximum of 80% CO₂ absorption efficiency enhancement was found in the device by inserting carbon-fiber spacers, as compared to that in the empty channel device. The overall CO₂ absorption rate was higher for countercurrent operation than that for concurrent operation. We evaluated the effectiveness of power utilization in augmenting the CO₂ absorption rate by inserting carbon-fiber spacers in the MEA feed channel and concluded that the higher the flow rate, the lower the power utilization’s effectiveness. Therefore, to increase the CO₂ absorption flux, widening carbon-fiber spacers was determined to be more effective than increasing the MEA feed flow rate. Full article