Search Results (270)

This study presents the validation of the Player Personality and Dynamics Scale (PPDS), designed to identify player profiles in educational gamification contexts with narrative elements. Through a sample of 635 participants, a questionnaire was developed and applied, covering sociodemographic data, lifestyle habits, gaming practices, and a classification system of 40 items on a six-point Likert scale. The results of the factorial analysis confirm a structure of five factors: Toxic Profile, Joker Profile, Tryhard Profile, Aesthetic Profile, and Coacher Profile, with high fit and reliability indices (RMSEA = 0.06; CFI = 0.95; TLI = 0.91). The resulting classification enables the design of personalized gamified experiences that enhance learning and interaction in the classroom, highlighting the importance of understanding players’ motivations to better adapt educational dynamics. Applying this scale fosters meaningful learning through the creation of narratives tailored to students’ individual preferences. Full article

This article examines training itineraries for early childhood education professionals in Portugal, focusing on promoting social and human development through music and the arts for infants. The training models discussed are categorized as short-term and long-term, encompassing both theory and practice through a transdisciplinary approach. Based on initiatives promoted by the Companhia de Música Teatral (CMT) and the Education and Human Development Group of the Centre for the Study of Sociology and Musical Aesthetics (CESEM) at NOVA University Lisbon, the article highlights projects such as: (i) Opus Tutti and GermInArte, developed between 2011 and 2018; (ii) the Postgraduate Course Music in Childhood: Intervention and Research, offered at the University since 2020/21, which integrates art, health, and education, promoting collaborative work between professionals; and (iii) Mil Pássaros (Thousand Birds), developed since 2020, which exemplifies the integration of environmental education and artistic practices. The theoretical basis of these training programs combines neuroscientific and educational evidence, emphasizing the importance of the first years of life for integral development. Studies, such as those by Heckman, reinforce the impact of early investment in children’s development. Edwin Gordon’s Music Learning Theory and Malloch and Trevarthen’s concept of ‘communicative musicality’ structure the design of these courses, recognizing music as a catalyst for cognitive, emotional, and social skills. The transformative role of music and the arts in educational and social contexts is emphasized, in line with the Sustainable Development Goals of the 2030 Agenda, by proposing approaches that articulate creation, intervention, and research to promote human development from childhood onwards. Full article

In the era of generative artificial intelligence, writing has evolved into a programmable practice capable of generating sustainable narratives and preserving cultural heritage through poetic prompts. This study proposes “Writing Is Coding ” as a paradigm for sustainability education, exploring how students engage with AI-mediated multimodal creation to address environmental challenges. Using grounded theory methodology with 57 twelfth-grade students from technology-integrated high schools, we analyzed their experiences creating environmental stories and digital cultural artifacts using MidJourney, Kling, and Sora. Data collection involved classroom observations, semi-structured interviews, and reflective journals, analyzed through systematic coding procedures (κ = 0.82). Five central themes emerged: writing as algorithmic design for sustainability (89.5%), emotional scaffolding for environmental awareness (78.9%), aesthetics of imperfection in cultural preservation (71.9%), collaborative dynamics in sustainable creativity (84.2%), and pedagogical value of prompt literacy (91.2%). Findings indicate that AI deepens environmental consciousness and reframes writing as a computational process for addressing global issues. This research contributes a theoretical framework integrating expressive writing with algorithmic thinking in AI-assisted sustainability education, aligned with SDGs 4, 11, and 13. Full article

Minimally invasive cosmetic procedures, such as dermal fillers, botulinum toxin injections, autologous fat grafting, intense pulsed light (IPL) treatments, and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) treatments, are increasingly popular worldwide due to their convenience and aesthetic benefits. While generally considered safe, these procedures can result in rare but serious ophthalmological complications. The most catastrophic adverse events include central retinal artery occlusion and ischemic optic neuropathy, which may lead to irreversible vision loss. Other complications include diplopia, ptosis, dry eye, and orbital cellulitis, with varying degrees of severity and reversibility. Awareness of potential ocular risks, appropriate patient selection, and adherence to safe injection techniques are crucial for preventing complications. This narrative review summarizes the incidence, mechanisms, clinical features, risk factors, diagnostic approaches, and management strategies of ocular complications associated with aesthetic medical procedures. A narrative literature review was conducted, emphasizing data from clinical studies, case series, and expert consensus published between 2015 and 2025. Special attention is given to anatomical danger zones, the pathophysiological pathways of filler embolization, and the roles of hyaluronidase and hyperbaric oxygen therapy in acute management. Although many complications are self-limited or reversible, prompt recognition and intervention are critical to prevent permanent sequelae. The increasing prevalence of these procedures demands enhanced education, informed consent, and interdisciplinary collaboration between aesthetic providers and ophthalmologists. Full article

With the advancement of immersive technologies, metaverse museum exhibitions have become an increasingly important medium through which audiences access cultural content and experience artistic works. This study aims to identify the key factors influencing visitors’ processual experiences in metaverse museum exhibitions and to explore how these factors collectively contribute to the formation of satisfaction with the visiting experience. Adopting an interdisciplinary theoretical perspective, the study integrates the Experience Economy theory with the Stimulus–Organism–Response (SOR) model to construct a systematic theoretical framework. This framework reveals how exhibition-related stimuli affect visitors’ behavioral intentions through psychological response pathways. Specifically, perceived educational appeal, interactive entertainment, escapist experience, and perceived visual aesthetics are defined as stimulus variables, while psychological immersion, emotional trigger, and cognitive engagement are introduced as organismic variables to explain their effects on satisfaction with the visiting experience and social sharing intention as response variables. Based on 507 valid responses, Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was employed for empirical analysis. The results indicate that interactive entertainment and escapist experience have significant positive effects on psychological responses, serving as key drivers of deep visitor engagement. Emotional Trigger acts as a significant mediator between exhibition stimuli and satisfaction with the visiting experience, which in turn significantly predicts social sharing intention. In contrast, perceived educational appeal and perceived visual aesthetics exhibit weaker impacts at the cognitive and behavioral levels. This study not only identifies these weakened pathways but also proposes optimization strategies grounded in experiential construction and cognitive synergy, offering guidance for enhancing the educational function and deep experiential design of metaverse exhibitions. The findings validate the applicability of the Experience Economy theory and the SOR model in metaverse cultural contexts and deepen our understanding of the psychological mechanisms underlying immersive cultural experiences. This study further provides a pathway for shifting exhibition design from a “content-oriented” to an “experience-driven” approach, offering theoretical and practical insights into enhancing audience engagement and cultural communication effectiveness in metaverse museums. Full article

Introduction: Dental caries and molar–incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) are prevalent conditions affecting children’s oral health, with functional, aesthetic, and psychosocial implications. In Spain, previous studies have highlighted geographic and sociodemographic disparities in their distribution, particularly among rural and migrant populations. Objective: To characterise oral health status, in terms of caries and MIH, among 6–7-year-old children from the towns of Palos de la Frontera, Mazagón, and San Bartolomé. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 229 children recruited from public primary schools. Sociodemographic, anthropometric, and behavioural data were collected through clinical examination and interview. Statistical analysis included univariate and multivariate logistic regression. The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Huelva. Results: The prevalence of caries (DMFT ≥ 1) was 53.3%, with mean DMFT and dft indices of 1.78 and 0.31, respectively. MIH affected 32.8% of the cohort, with a predominance in the first permanent molars (teeth 36 and 26). Multivariate analysis identified independent predictors of caries: African (OR = 7.47; 95% CI: 2.84–23.8) and European (OR = 4.56; 95% CI: 1.26–22.3) parental origin, poor oral hygiene (OR = 3.07; 95% CI: 1.60–6.03), and the presence of MIH (OR = 3.20; 95% CI: 1.64–6.42). The municipality of San Bartolomé was associated with a higher risk of MIH (OR = 2.90; 95% CI: 1.21–7.45). Conclusions: The high prevalence of caries and MIH in the Condado-Campiña district, exceeding national averages, reflects oral health inequities linked to social determinants (migrant origin, locality) and clinical factors (MIH, oral hygiene). Targeted preventive interventions are urgently needed in high-risk populations, including culturally tailored education and policies ensuring equitable access to dental care services. Full article

Volcanic islands host exceptional geological features that illustrate complex endogenic processes and interactions with climatic and marine forces, while also being particularly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. Despite their scientific, educational, touristic, and aesthetic values, such islands remain underrepresented within the UNESCO Global Geoparks (UGGp). This study reviews current volcanic island geoparks and evaluates territories with potential for future designation, based on documented geoheritage, geosite inventories, and geoconservation frameworks. Geoparks are categorized according to their dominant narratives—ranging from recent Quaternary volcanism to broader tectonic, sedimentary, and metamorphic histories. Through an analysis of their distribution, management strategies, and integration into territorial planning, this work highlights the challenges that insular territories face, including vulnerability to global environmental change, limited legal protection, and structural inequalities in access to international resources recognition. It concludes that volcanic island geoparks represent strategic platforms for implementing sustainable development models, especially in ecologically and socially fragile contexts. Enhancing their global representation will require targeted efforts in ecologically and socially fragile contexts. Enhancing their global representation will require targeted efforts in capacity building, funding access, and regional cooperation—particularly across the Global South. Full article

Urban wetlands are increasingly recognized for their ecological and cultural benefits, yet remain underutilized due to limited public awareness and environmental literacy. This study investigates how visitors’ perceptions of wetland ecosystem services influence their motivations to engage with a constructed wetland in Putrajaya, Malaysia. By integrating the ecosystem services framework with push-pull motivation theory, the research aims to bridge knowledge gaps and inform sustainable wetland tourism planning. A structured questionnaire was administered to 420 visitors, with 385 valid responses (response rate: 91.7%). Data were analyzed using non-parametric tests (Kruskal–Wallis, Spearman correlation) and multiple regression analysis. Results show that cultural and regulating services are perceived most positively, while emotional restoration and aesthetic appreciation emerged as key motivational drivers. Regression findings reveal that push factors are stronger predictors of ecosystem service engagement than pull factors. These insights highlight the importance of emotional and psychological connections to nature, offering practical implications for urban wetland management, visitor education and environmental communication strategies. Full article

Educational facilities are the physical environment that supports the academic process for a better education. The quality of offices as workspaces is crucial in creating a supportive environment to enhance the staff and students’ experience. This paper aims to study the concept of space personalization and its impact on faculty members’ productivity, performance, and satisfaction in universities’ educational facilities. To achieve this aim, the research applied the qualitative research method of semi-structured interviews to gather comprehensive data about user experience. Approaching 39 faculty members within Al Yamamah University across three departments within the College of Engineering (Architecture, Industrial, and Computer). Data were analyzed using thematic analysis for qualitative insights, focusing on environmental aspects (such as: natural lighting, ventilation, noise control, etc.), psychological factors (such as: privacy, aesthetic appeal, etc.), and architectural settings (such as: area, space layout, materials, etc.). The research proposes a methodological framework for design considerations for office spaces in universities, fostering more flexible and personalized designs for enhancing sense of ownership and well-being. Findings indicate that personalized office spaces significantly enhance faculty satisfaction and productivity. Qualitative data highlighted that a lack of privacy in standardized offices adds stress and an overwhelming environment. These findings suggest that universities should consider flexible office designs to optimize academic work environments. Full article

Background and Objectives: Orthodontic treatment, whether fixed or removable, offers several benefits, including improved aesthetics, enhanced oral function, and increased self-confidence. However, it may also cause discomfort and pain, particularly following adjustment visits. This study aimed to assess pain characteristics (latency and continuity), food impairment, weight loss, and analgesic use in relation to treatment duration and appliance type. Methods: This observational study included 160 orthodontic patients who completed a structured questionnaire comprising 13 single-choice items. The questionnaire assessed age, gender, residential environment, educational status, type and duration of orthodontic treatment, pain characteristics (duration, latency, continuity), food impairment, and analgesic use. Inclusion criteria specified patients with moderate anterior crowding undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment or treatment with clear aligners on both arches, for at least one month. All fixed appliance cases involved 0.022-inch-slot Roth prescription brackets. Results: Patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment reported a higher frequency of pain (91.4%), greater need for analgesics (95.2%), and more food impairment compared to those with clear aligners. Patients treated for less than 6 months more frequently reported pain lasting 1 week (57.1%), while those treated for 1–2 years more commonly reported pain lasting several days (43.8%). Conclusions: Fixed orthodontic appliances are associated with greater discomfort, longer pain latency, more frequent analgesic use, and higher dietary impact compared to clear aligners. These findings emphasize the importance of personalized patient counseling and proactive pain management to improve compliance, enhance quality of life, and support informed decision-making in orthodontic care. Full article

This paper examines how Marley Dias’ activism on Instagram promotes racial justice, Black feminist thought, and youth mobilization through digital storytelling, representation, and audience engagement. Using a mixed-methods analysis of 744 posts published between 2016 and 2025, the study combined critical thematic coding, temporal mapping, and engagement metrics to analyze the discursive and emotional strategies behind Dias’ activism. Five key themes were identified as central to her activist work: diversity in literature, lack girl empowerment, racial justice, Black representation, and educational advocacy. The findings reveal that Dias strategically tailors her messages to suit Instagram’s unique features, using carousels and videos to enhance visibility, foster intimacy, and provide depth in education. Posts that focused on identity, aesthetics, and empowerment garnered the highest levels of engagement, while posts that concentrated on structural issues received lower, yet still significant, interaction. The paper argues that Dias’ Instagram account serves as a dynamic platform for youth-led Black feminist resistance, where cultural production, civic education, and emotional impact converge. This case underscores the political potential of digital literacies and encourages a reconsideration of how youth-driven digital activism is reshaping contemporary public discourse, agency, and knowledge production in the social media age. Full article

Wetlands in northeastern Algeria’s Numidia region provide vital ecosystem services, yet their cultural and intangible values (e.g., spiritual or aesthetic benefits) remain under-recognized in policy and practice. This study explores how gender, education, occupation, and wetland protection status influence local perceptions of provisioning, regulating, and cultural ecosystem services. Based on surveys (n = 552) across 12 wetland communities, results show that women place greater importance on cultural services, while those with higher education display more ecological awareness but less connection to traditional practices. Occupation and residence in protected areas also significantly shape valuation. These findings highlight the need for inclusive conservation strategies that integrate gender perspectives and local knowledge, promoting community-driven stewardship. This research supports more equitable and resilient environmental governance. Full article

Advances in information technology have enabled virtual museums to transcend traditional physical boundaries and become important tools in education. Despite their growing use, the factors influencing the effectiveness of virtual museums in enhancing students’ learning motivation remain underexplored. This study investigates key factors that promote learning motivation among secondary school students using the National Museum of Nature’s Online Virtual Exhibition as a case study. Grounded in the Stimulus–Organism–Response (S-O-R) theoretical framework, a conceptual model was developed and empirically tested using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to examine relationships among stimulus variables, psychological states, and learning motivation. Results reveal that affective involvement, cognitive engagement, and perceived presence significantly enhance learning motivation, while immersion shows no significant effect. Among the stimulus factors, perceived enjoyment strongly promotes affective involvement, perceived interactivity enhances cognitive engagement, and content quality primarily supports cognitive processing. Visual aesthetics contribute notably to immersion, affective involvement, and perceived presence. These findings elucidate the multidimensional mechanisms through which user experience in virtual museums influences learning motivation. The study provides theoretical and practical implications for designing effective and engaging virtual museum educational environments, thereby supporting sustainable digital learning practices. Full article

In the 19th century, the British archaeologist Sir Alexander Cunningham identified the remains of an unidentified Buddhist monastery at Jamāl Gaṛhī, an ancient site located approximately 13 km from present-day Mardān, Pakistan. Subsequent excavations by the Archaeological Survey of India between 1920 and 1921 unearthed a schist inscription dated to the year “359”. Heinrich Lüders, the renowned German Indologist and epigraphist, attributed this inscription to the Dharmaguptaka sect/school. Despite this early attribution, the Monastery’s precise sectarian characteristics have remained largely unexplored in later scholarship. This article reevaluates the site’s sectarian identity by employing a “ground-to-text” methodology that integrates archaeological evidence with textual analysis, with a particular focus on the Chinese translation of the Dharmaguptaka Vinaya. Through this comparative framework, this study seeks to elucidate the religious ideas reflected in the site’s material culture and their relationship with Dharmaguptaka disciplinary thought. The analysis encompasses the architectural remnants of the stūpa excavated by Cunningham and the “Fasting Buddha” statuary, now preserved in the National Museum of Pakistan, the British Museum, and other sites, situating these artifacts within the distinctive visual and contemplative traditions linked to the Dharmaguptaka Vinaya. By integrating architectural, sculptural, textual, and epigraphic materials, this article provides a nuanced understanding of sectarian developments at Jamāl Gaṛhī and argues that an explicit emphasis on the ‘Middle Way’ ideology constituted a defining feature of the Dharmaguptaka tradition during this period. Full article

Preoperative facial markings are critical to surgical precision and aesthetic outcomes in plastic surgery, yet remain operator-dependent and variably documented. Generative artificial intelligence (AI), particularly large multimodal models, offers potential for the automated illustration of surgical plans. This study compares the performances of ChatGPT-4o and Gemini Advanced in generating standardised preoperative markings for aesthetic facial procedures. Methods: Six text prompts describing common facial aesthetic surgeries were developed using established marking protocols. Each prompt was submitted once to ChatGPT-4o and Gemini Advanced, yielding twelve illustrations. Three board-certified plastic surgeons independently evaluated the images using a five-domain Likert scale assessing incision clarity, anatomical accuracy, template conformity, clinical usefulness, and overall graphic quality. A composite score out of 25 was calculated. Data were analysed using paired t-tests, and interrater reliability was assessed with intraclass correlation coefficients. Results: ChatGPT-4o significantly outperformed Gemini Advanced in composite scores (mean 18.0 ± 1.4 vs. 13.9 ± 1.6, p = 0.001, Cohen’s d = 1.69). Superior performance was noted across all domains, particularly in clarity (mean difference 0.83, p = 0.002) and graphic quality (mean difference 0.90, p = 0.001). Interrater reliability was good (ICC = 0.82). Discussion: ChatGPT-4o demonstrated higher fidelity in translating surgical prompts into anatomically appropriate, clinically useful illustrations. However, neither system achieved the precision required for clinical implementation without revision. These models may serve as adjuncts in education and preliminary planning. Future work should explore model fine-tuning, surgeon-guided generation, and performance in reconstructive procedures. Full article