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Keywords = Venetian domination

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23 pages, 5373 KB  
Article
Seven Centuries of Church Architectural Evolution and Its Influence on Indoor Acoustics: The Case of the Dome of Conegliano in Italy
by Federica Bettarello, Luciano Caniato and Marco Caniato
Buildings 2023, 13(2), 299; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13020299 - 19 Jan 2023
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 6622
Abstract
Sacred constructions like churches are built both for holy and architectural purposes. They are influenced by the design fashions, city history and the government. When a church, or more generally a religious building, is constructed, it is rarely torn down. Instead, these kinds [...] Read more.
Sacred constructions like churches are built both for holy and architectural purposes. They are influenced by the design fashions, city history and the government. When a church, or more generally a religious building, is constructed, it is rarely torn down. Instead, these kinds of edifices are refurbished, expanded and modified according to the architectural trend of a specific period. The indoor activities of the church have changed over time, especially after the Second Vatican Council. Thus, it can be interesting to study the past modifications of churches and their features and uses. The aim of this paper is to explore the influence of a building’s history on the architectural change over time and more specifically, the subsequent influence on the indoor acoustic field. Additionally, this study aims to show how a precise and scientific reconstruction of a church’s history, using ancient documents, can provide researchers with a valuable method of investigation. Furthermore, this study aims to analyze the indoor acoustics of these holy buildings over time and elucidate whether these were considered or not for the purposes of the contemporary sacred celebrations. Therefore, in this paper, the Dome of Conegliano (Italy) is the focus of the present study. Detailed historical research was performed by means of reviewing ancient documents to faithfully reconstruct the Dome’s history. Furthermore, acoustic measurements were executed to characterize its shape in our times. Using these results, the ancient configuration of the dome was reconstructed virtually and compared to the contemporary one. Interestingly, the results show that seven centuries of history did influence the church’s architecture and consequently its indoor acoustics. The source–receiver distance has been shown to be an influential parameter, determining that the church is acoustically more suitable for listening to music rather than voice. Clearly, the Dome of Conegliano’s indoor acoustics were not modified or improved over time to fulfill their potential use, but the internal shape was modified according to the architectural fashion and to fulfill other requests as well as the structural requirements of the owners. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Architectural Design, Urban Science, and Real Estate)
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13 pages, 6790 KB  
Entry
Stefan Uroš II Milutin Nemanjić (1282–1321)
by Čedomila Marinković
Encyclopedia 2022, 2(1), 127-139; https://doi.org/10.3390/encyclopedia2010009 - 12 Jan 2022
Viewed by 7957
Definition
King Stefan Uroš II Milutin Nemanjić (1282—Donje Nerodimlje, October 29, 1321) was a Serbian medieval king, the seventh ruler of the Serbian Nemanide dynasty, the son of King Stefan Uroš I (r. 1243–1276) and Queen Helen Nemanjić (see), the brother of the King [...] Read more.
King Stefan Uroš II Milutin Nemanjić (1282—Donje Nerodimlje, October 29, 1321) was a Serbian medieval king, the seventh ruler of the Serbian Nemanide dynasty, the son of King Stefan Uroš I (r. 1243–1276) and Queen Helen Nemanjić (see), the brother of the King Stefan Dragutin (r. 1276–1282) and the father of King Stefan Dečanski (r. 1322–1331). Together with his great grandfather Stefan Nemanja, the founder of the Nemanide dynasty, and his grandson, Emperor Stefan Uroš IV Dušan, King Milutin is considered the most powerful ruler of the Nemanide dynasty. The long and successful military breach of King Milutin, down the Vardar River Valley and deep into the Byzantine territories, represents the beginning of Serbian expansion into southeastern Europe, making it the dominant political power in the Balkan region in the 14th century. During that period, Serbian economic power grew rapidly, mostly because of the development of trading and mining. King Milutin founded Novo Brdo, an internationally important silver mining site. He started minting his own money, producing imitations of Venetian coins (grosso), which gradually diminished in value. This led to the ban of these coins by the Republic of Venice and provided King Milutin a place in Dante’s Divina Commedia. King Milutin had a specific philoktesia fervor: He built or renovated over three dozen Serbian Orthodox churches and monasteries not only in Serbia but also in Thessaloniki, Mt. Athos, Constantinople and The Holy Land. Over fifteen of his portraits can be found in the monumental painting ensembles of Serbian medieval monasteries as well as on two icons. Full article
(This article belongs to the Collection Encyclopedia of Medieval Royal Iconography)
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