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Keywords = Scratch Jr.

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12 pages, 11026 KiB  
Article
Comparative Analysis of Coatings Applied for Anti-Corrosion Protection of Public Transport Vehicles’ Structural Parts
by Wojciech Skotnicki and Dariusz Jędrzejczyk
Materials 2024, 17(15), 3763; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17153763 - 30 Jul 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1388
Abstract
The conducted research focused on anti-corrosion systems applied for the protection of structural parts used in public transport vehicles. Detailed tests were carried out on samples taken from the brackets supporting the doors of a public transport bus. This work includes the results [...] Read more.
The conducted research focused on anti-corrosion systems applied for the protection of structural parts used in public transport vehicles. Detailed tests were carried out on samples taken from the brackets supporting the doors of a public transport bus. This work includes the results of the chemical analysis of the composition of snow–mud samples taken from the selected bus route and the results of laboratory tests performed on samples with various anti-corrosion coatings. Four types of samples made of S235JR steel with a zinc coating deposited by thermo-diffusion, electroplating, hot-dip zinc galvanization, and the cataphoresis method were tested. Both non-destructive tests—NDTs (the measurement of coating thickness and roughness, microscopic observations)—and destructive tests—DTs (scratch tests, salt chamber tests)—were performed. The conducted tests proved that the most effective method is the use of anti-corrosive hot-dip zinc coating. Full article
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13 pages, 280 KiB  
Article
Computational Thinking in Preschool Age: A Case Study in Greece
by Zoi Kourti, Christos-Apostolos Michalakopoulos, Pantelis G. Bagos and Efrosyni-Alkisti Paraskevopoulou-Kollia
Educ. Sci. 2023, 13(2), 157; https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci13020157 - 2 Feb 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 4487
Abstract
This study aims to investigate Computational Thinking (CT) in preschool age children. We tried to assess the ability of developing CT skills in kindergarten, as well as to illustrate parents’ and preschool teachers’ directly involved aspects on CT. More specifically, we investigated the [...] Read more.
This study aims to investigate Computational Thinking (CT) in preschool age children. We tried to assess the ability of developing CT skills in kindergarten, as well as to illustrate parents’ and preschool teachers’ directly involved aspects on CT. More specifically, we investigated the readiness of preschool children to engage in activities that develop CT by using Scratch Jr. Moreover, via individual interviews, the research sheds some light on preschool children’s parents’ perceptions on personal computers use, digital media, CT and programming. Finally, we investigated the views and perceptions of preschool teachers through an electronic questionnaire about CT and its entry in kindergarten. The kindergarteners’ interactive stories were evaluated with the use of a rubric which indicates the extremely high percentage of readiness to deal with CT and programming activities in kindergarten. The analysis of the parents’ interviews shows their distrust on readiness regarding children’s engagement in CT. Finally, the majority of preschool teachers uses personal computers in kindergarten to a different degree depending on their age, experience and training to develop a variety of learning areas. Regarding CT, kindergarten teachers’ aspects appear to be swayed from positive to neutral considering its introduction in the kindergarten classroom. Full article
20 pages, 20777 KiB  
Article
A Comparative Study of Hardfacing Deposits Using a Modified Tribological Testing Strategy
by Ján Slota, Andrzej Kubit, Ivan Gajdoš, Tomasz Trzepieciński and Ľuboš Kaščák
Lubricants 2022, 10(8), 187; https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants10080187 - 18 Aug 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2508
Abstract
In this study, hardfacing deposits using materials of different surface hardness are investigated using an innovative strategy for tribological testing. The abrasive wear behaviour of AISI 316L stainless steel is compared to the Cr–Ni–Mn alloy (OK Autrod 16.95) and the Cr-Mo alloy (Fluxofil [...] Read more.
In this study, hardfacing deposits using materials of different surface hardness are investigated using an innovative strategy for tribological testing. The abrasive wear behaviour of AISI 316L stainless steel is compared to the Cr–Ni–Mn alloy (OK Autrod 16.95) and the Cr-Mo alloy (Fluxofil 58), deposited on a substrate of S355JR steel. A modified three-body abrasion test and a modified scratch test were used to evaluate the tribological behaviour and wear mechanisms of these materials. The modified double-pass scratch test on the abraded surfaces is analysed using the geometrical parameters of grooves to aid in predicting the lifetime of machinery parts in abrasive working conditions. This leads to a shortening of the resistance to abrasion wear time of the evaluation of the abrasion wear resistance of materials. The validation of the results obtained in the double-pass scratch tests was carried out using three-body abrasion tests, according to the ASTM G65 standard. Wear mechanism investigations were carried out by scanning electron microscopy and three-dimensional surface topography and was analysed using an optical microscope. The results obtained from experimental research show that double-pass scratch tests demonstrated that it is possible to shorten the time needed to predict the abrasive behaviour of materials using this method. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Assessment of Abrasive Wear)
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11 pages, 2655 KiB  
Article
Fostering Computational Thinking Skills: A Didactic Proposal for Elementary School Grades
by Ricardo Silva, Benjamim Fonseca, Cecília Costa and Fernando Martins
Educ. Sci. 2021, 11(9), 518; https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci11090518 - 8 Sep 2021
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 4448
Abstract
There is a growing presence of technology in the daily lives of elementary school students, with a recent exponential rise due to the constraints of remote teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic. It is important to understand how the education system can contribute to [...] Read more.
There is a growing presence of technology in the daily lives of elementary school students, with a recent exponential rise due to the constraints of remote teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic. It is important to understand how the education system can contribute to helping students develop the required skills for technological careers, without neglecting its obligation to create conditions that allow them to acquire transversal skills and to enable them to exercise full citizenship. The integration of Educational Robotics and block programming activities in collaborative learning environments promotes the development of computational thinking and other ICT skills, as well as critical thinking, social skills, and problem solving. This paper presents a theoretical proposal of a didactic sequence for the introduction to educational robotics and programming with Scratch Jr. It is composed of three learning scenarios, designed for elementary school teaching. Its main goal is to create conditions that favour the development of computational thinking in a collaborative learning environment. With increasing complexity and degree of difficulty, all the tasks root from a common problem: How can we create an algorithm that programs the robot/sprite to reach a predetermined position? Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Robot Programming in Early Childhood and Primary Education)
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