Search Results (2)

Massive multiple input–multiple output (M-MIMO) is a promising and pivotal technology in contemporary wireless communication systems that can effectively enhance link reliability and data throughput, especially in uplink scenarios. Even so, the receiving end requires more computational complexity to reconstitute the signal. This problem has emerged in fourth-generation (4G) MIMO system; with the dramatic increase in demand for devices and data in beyond-5G (B5G) systems, this issue will become yet more obvious. To take into account both complexity and signal-revested capability at the receiver, this study uses the matrix iteration method to avoid the staggering amount of operations produced by the inverse matrix. Then, we propose a highly efficient multi-user detector (MUD) named hybrid SOR-based Chebyshev acceleration (CHSOR) for the uplink of M-MIMO orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) and universal filtered multi-carrier (UFMC) waveforms, which can be promoted to B5G developments. The proposed CHSOR scheme includes two stages: the first consists of successive over-relaxation (SOR) and modified successive over-relaxation (MSOR), combining the advantages of low complexity of both and generating a better initial transmission symbol, iteration matrix, and parameters for the next stage; sequentially, the second stage adopts the low-cost iterative Chebyshev acceleration method for performance refinement to obtain a lower bit error rate (BER). Under constrained evaluation settings, Section (Simulation Results and Discussion) presents the results of simulations performed in MATLAB version R2022a. Results show that the proposed detector can achieve a 91.624% improvement in BER performance compared with Chebyshev successive over-relaxation (CSOR). This is very near to the performance of the minimum mean square error (MMSE) detector and is achieved in only a few iterations. In summary, our proposed CHSOR scheme demonstrates fast convergence compared to previous works and as such possesses excellent BER and complexity performance, making it a competitive solution for uplink M-MIMO B5G systems. Full article

The Short Bowel Syndrome (SBS) Registry (NCT01990040) is a multinational real-world study evaluating the long-term safety of teduglutide in patients with SBS and intestinal failure (SBS-IF) in routine clinical practice. This paper describes the study methodology and baseline characteristics of adult patients who have (ever-treated) or have never (never-treated) received teduglutide. A total of 1411 adult patients (679 ever-treated; 732 never-treated) were enrolled at 124 sites across 17 countries. The mean (standard deviation [SD]) age at enrollment was 55.4 (15.46) years, and 60.2% of patients were women. Crohn’s disease was the most common cause of major intestinal resection in both ever-treated (34.1%) and never-treated patients (20.4%). A similar proportion of ever-treated and never-treated patients had a prior history of colorectal polyps (2.7% vs. 3.6%), whereas proportionally fewer ever-treated patients reported a history of colorectal cancer (1.8% vs. 6.2%) or any malignancy (17.7% vs. 30.0%) than never-treated patients. Never-treated patients received a numerically greater mean (SD) volume of parenteral nutrition and/or intravenous fluids than ever-treated patients (12.4 [8.02] vs. 10.1 [6.64] L/week). Ever-treated patients received a mean teduglutide dosage of 0.05 mg/kg/day. This is the first report of patient baseline characteristics from the SBS Registry, and the largest cohort of patients with SBS-IF to date. Overall, ever-treated and never-treated patients had similar baseline characteristics. Differences between treatment groups may reflect variations in patient selection and degree of monitoring. Full article