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20 pages, 3392 KB

Open AccessArticle

Characterization of Cellulose from Gagome Kelp and Its Effect on Dough, Gluten, and Starch as Novel Bread Improvers

by Xiang Li, Heqi Yang, Xiaohui Yu, Ying Tuo, Hui Zhou, Yidi Cai and Long Wu

Foods 2025, 14(7), 1246; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods14071246 - 2 Apr 2025

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1540

Novel bread formulations with natural improvers have become an essential part of improving the quality of bakery products. In the present study, novel bread improvers made using Gagome kelp cellulose (GC) were systemically evaluated, and cellulose-improved dough (GC-dough), gluten (GC-gluten), and gluten protein and starch (GC-starch) were all studied. The results indicated that the water and oil holding capacity, cholesterol-adsorptive capacity, and the unsaturated fat and saturated fat adsorptive capacities of GC had increased. GC also showed high glucose adsorptive capacity, antioxidant activity, α-amylase inhibition, and glucose diffusion inhibition activity. Furthermore, the color of the GC-dough was improved with the addition of the GC, which also affected the content of glutenin, the water holding capacity in GC-gluten, and the solubility of GC-starch. In addition, the cross-linked network formed by GC could be observed in the GC-bread, indicating an improvement in texture and sensory evaluation. Bread with 1% (m/m) added GC provided the highest sensory characteristics and the best cold storage stability, which suggests that it is the best strategy for further study. The results might show a potential application of by-products of marine origin in commercial bakery production. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Foods of Marine Origin)

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11 pages, 1596 KB

Open AccessArticle

Discriminating Benign from Malignant Lung Diseases Using Plasma Glycosaminoglycans and Cell-Free DNA

by Alvida Qvick, Sinisa Bratulic, Jessica Carlsson, Bianca Stenmark, Christina Karlsson, Jens Nielsen, Francesco Gatto and Gisela Helenius

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(18), 9777; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25189777 - 10 Sep 2024

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1870

Abstract

We aimed to investigate the use of free glycosaminoglycan profiles (GAGomes) and cfDNA in plasma to differentiate between lung cancer and benign lung disease, in a cohort of 113 patients initially suspected of lung cancer. GAGomes were analyzed in all samples using the MIRAM^® Free Glycosaminoglycan Kit with ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography and electrospray ionization triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. In a subset of samples, cfDNA concentration and NGS-data was available. We detected two GAGome features, 0S chondroitin sulfate (CS), and 4S CS, with cancer-specific changes. Based on the observed GAGome changes, we devised a model to predict lung cancer. The model, named the GAGome score, could detect lung cancer with 41.2% sensitivity (95% CI: 9.2–54.2%) at 96.4% specificity (95% CI: 95.2–100.0%, n = 113). When we combined the GAGome score with a cfDNA-based model, the sensitivity increased from 42.6% (95% CI: 31.7–60.6%, cfDNA alone) to 70.5% (95% CI: 57.4–81.5%) at 95% specificity (95% CI: 75.1–100%, n = 74). Notably, the combined GAGome and cfDNA testing improved the sensitivity, compared to cfDNA alone, especially in ASCL stage I (55.6% vs 11.1%). Our findings show that plasma GAGome profiles can enhance cfDNA testing performance, highlighting the applicability of a multiomics approach in lung cancer diagnostics. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Research on Lung Cancer: Translational Perspectives)

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10 pages, 1957 KB

Open AccessArticle

Mucopolysaccharidoses Differential Diagnosis by Mass Spectrometry-Based Analysis of Urine Free Glycosaminoglycans—A Diagnostic Prediction Model

by Francesca D’Avanzo, Alessandra Zanetti, Andrea Dardis, Maurizio Scarpa, Nicola Volpi, Francesco Gatto and Rosella Tomanin

Biomolecules 2023, 13(3), 532; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom13030532 - 15 Mar 2023

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3593

Abstract

Impaired glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) catabolism may lead to a cluster of rare metabolic and genetic disorders called mucopolysaccharidoses (MPSs). Each subtype is caused by the deficiency of one of the lysosomal hydrolases normally degrading GAGs. Affected tissues accumulate undegraded GAGs in cell lysosomes and in the extracellular matrix, thus leading to the MPS complex clinical phenotype. Although each MPS may present with recognizable signs and symptoms, these may often overlap between subtypes, rendering the diagnosis difficult and delayed. Here, we performed an exploratory analysis to develop a model that predicts MPS subtypes based on UHPLC-MS/MS measurement of a urine free GAG profile (or GAGome). We analyzed the GAGome of 78 subjects (38 MPS, 37 healthy and 3 with other MPS symptom-overlapping disorders) using a standardized kit in a central-blinded laboratory. We observed several MPS subtype-specific GAGome changes. We developed a multivariable penalized Lasso logistic regression model that attained 91.2% balanced accuracy to distinguish MPS type II vs. III vs. any other subtype vs. not MPS, with sensitivity and specificity ranging from 73.3% to 91.7% and from 98.4% to 100%, depending on the predicted subtype. In conclusion, the urine GAGome was revealed to be useful in accurately discriminating the different MPS subtypes with a single UHPLC-MS/MS run and could serve as a reliable diagnostic test for a more rapid MPS biochemical diagnosis. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Upscaling the Basic Knowledge of Lysosomal Storage Disorders: Novel Insights into the Pathogenic Mechanisms and Emerging Therapeutic Approaches)

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17 pages, 3647 KB

Open AccessArticle

Impact of Oceanographic Environmental Shifts and Atmospheric Events on the Sustainable Development of Coastal Aquaculture: A Case Study of Kelp and Scallops in Southern Hokkaido, Japan

by Yang Liu, Sei-Ichi Saitoh, Satoshi Nakada, Xun Zhang and Toru Hirawake

Sustainability 2015, 7(2), 1263-1279; https://doi.org/10.3390/su7021263 - 26 Jan 2015

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 9384

Abstract

We provide an overview of selected recent operational applications of satellite remote sensing and marine Geographic Information Systems (GIS) procedures to the practice of sustainable aquaculture in southern Hokkaido, Japan, focusing mainly on kelp and scallop aquaculture. We also developed a suitable aquaculture site-selection model (SASSM) for suspension culture of Gagome (a kelp species) in the same region. Models for Japanese kelp and Gagome showed that the distributions of the most suitable areas for both species overlapped. Competition between kelps was especially marked along the coastline between Hakodate and Esan. In addition, we examined the impact of oceanographic environmental changes and atmospheric events on scallop and kelp aquaculture sites, demonstrating that variations in the coastal Oyashio Current and the Tsugaru Warm Current significantly influenced the growth and harvesting seasons of scallops and kelps in Funka Bay and other sections of southern Hokkaido. Because a strong El Niño event occurred in 2010, January of that year was extremely cold. The proportion of suitable areas for both scallops and kelps during their respective growing seasons contracted in 2010. Thus, shifts in oceanographic and atmospheric conditions should be incorporated into sustainability management planning for coastal scallop and kelp aquaculture in southern Hokkaido. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Management of Marine Resources under Uncertainty: Economic, Environmental and Social Aspects)

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