Search Results (7)

Air pollution is closely associated with the development of multiple metabolic diseases. Circadian syndrome (CircS), as an extended concept of metabolic syndrome (MetS), has been proven to be a better predictor of metabolic diseases than MetS. However, the relationship between volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and CircS in pre- and postmenopausal women remains unclear. This study used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011–2020, including 520 premenopausal women and 531 postmenopausal women. Generalized linear model (GLM), restricted cubic spline (RCS) model, subgroup analyses, and weighted quantile sum (WQS) model were used to assess the relationship between VOCs and CircS. In addition, sensitivity analyses were performed to evaluate the robustness of the results. Our findings showed that seven VOC metabolites were positively associated with the risk of CircS in postmenopausal women. In premenopausal women, only two VOC metabolites were positively associated with the risk of CircS. The WQS analysis further confirmed that VOC mixtures selected by a least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) were significantly associated with an increased risk of CircS in postmenopausal women, with HPMMA identified as the primary contributor to the combined effect. This association was not evident in premenopausal women. Meanwhile, in postmenopausal women, individual urinary VOC metabolites and VOC mixtures were observed to be positively associated with elevated glucose and short sleep. Our results highlighted that VOC exposure was strongly associated with the occurrence of CircS in postmenopausal women. Further research is needed to confirm this conclusion. Full article

Background: Circadian Syndrome (CircS) encompasses cardiometabolic risk factors and comorbidities, indicating an elevated susceptibility to cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Methods: This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the association between vitamin D levels and each of the following: CircS, metabolic syndrome (MetS), and the individual components of CircS. Data from 14,907 adults who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 2007 and 2018 were utilized. CircS was defined based on MetS components, alongside depression, short sleep, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Results: Our results indicated that low vitamin D levels exhibited meaningful associations with CircS, with vitamin D deficiency and inadequacy demonstrating 2.21-fold (95% CI 1.78–2.74, p < 0.001) and 1.33-fold (95% CI 1.14–1.54, p < 0.001) increases in CircS odds, respectively. The association between vitamin D deficiency and CircS was stronger than that with MetS. Additionally, a dose-response gradient in odds of CircS components, particularly with short sleep duration, was noted as serum vitamin D levels decreased. Conclusions: our findings highlight a significant association between low serum vitamin D levels and CircS and its components, particularly with short sleep. This suggests a potentially pivotal role of vitamin D in the pathogenesis of Circadian syndrome. Full article

The concept of Circadian Syndrome (CircS) aims to emphasize the circadian disruptions underlying cardiometabolic conditions. Meal timing and shiftwork may disrupt circadian rhythms, increasing cardiometabolic risk. This study aimed to assess the associations of meal timing, meal skipping, and shiftwork with CircS in US adults and explore effect modifications by sociodemographic and lifestyle factors. CircS was defined using Metabolic Syndrome components in addition to short sleep and depression symptoms. Data from 10,486 participants of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005–2016 were analyzed cross-sectionally. Mealtime was assessed by calculating the midpoint of intake between breakfast and dinner and dichotomizing it into favorable mealtime (between 12:30 and 13:15) and unfavorable mealtime using a data-driven approach. Meal skippers were categorized separately. Participants working evening, night, or rotating shifts were classified as shift workers. In the multivariable logistic regression analysis, an unfavorable mealtime, meal skipping, and shiftwork were associated with a higher likelihood of CircS (OR = 1.24; 95%CI 1.07–1.44, OR = 1.39; 95%CI 1.16–1.67, and OR = 1.37; 95%CI 1.01–1.87, respectively). Subgroup analyses revealed no significant interactions between meal timing, meal skipping, or shiftwork and socioeconomic status or lifestyle regarding CircS. These findings highlight the importance of aligning mealtimes with circadian rhythms for improved circadian health. Full article

Population aging is a global demographic characteristic of the 21st century, and healthy eating is a core component of healthy aging. However, limited evidence is available among older adults for associations between diet quality and circadian syndrome (CircS). Thus, this study examined associations between dietary patterns and CircS among a representative sample of middle-older adults in the US. The sample comprised middle-older adults enrolled in the 2016 core wave of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) and one of its sub-studies, the 2013 Health Care and Nutrition Study (HCNS). A food frequency questionnaire was used to quantify habitual food intake and identify dietary patterns using a factor analysis. CircS was defined based on the existence of ≥4 components of metabolic syndrome and indicators of sleep disorders and depression. A total of 4253 middle-older adults with a mean age (SD) of 65.4 (10.0) years were included in the study. The prevalence of CircS was 35.9%. Comparing extreme quartiles of the “Prudent Pattern”, the odds ratio (95% CI) for CircS was 0.72 (0.55–0.94), and it was 1.47 (1.10–1.95) for the “Western Pattern”. The “Western Pattern” was positively associated while the “Prudent Pattern” was inversely associated with the odds of CircS among middle-older adults. Full article

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine-metabolic disease in females of reproductive age, affecting 4–20% of pre-menopausal women worldwide. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous, single-stranded, non-coding, regulatory ribonucleic acid molecules found in eukaryotic cells. Abnormal miRNA expression has been associated with several diseases and could possibly explain their underlying pathophysiology. MiRNAs have been extensively studied for their potential diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic uses in many diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease, PCOS, and endometriosis. In women with PCOS, miRNAs were found to be abnormally expressed in theca cells, follicular fluid, granulosa cells, peripheral blood leukocytes, serum, and adipose tissue when compared to those without PCOS, making miRNAs a useful potential biomarker for the disease. Key pathways involved in PCOS, such as folliculogenesis, steroidogenesis, and cellular adhesion, are regulated by miRNA. This also highlights their importance as potential prognostic markers. In addition, recent evidence suggests a role for miRNAs in regulating the circadian rhythm (CR). CR is crucial for regulating reproduction through the various functions of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis and the ovaries. A disordered CR affects reproductive outcomes by inducing insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and systemic inflammation. Moreover, miRNAs were demonstrated to interact with lncRNA and circRNAs, which are thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of PCOS. This review discusses what is currently understood about miRNAs in PCOS, the cellular pathways involved, and their potential role as biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Full article

The study aimed to assess the associations of dietary patterns and circadian syndrome (CircS). Data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005–2016 were analyzed (n = 10,486). Factor analysis was used to construct dietary patterns based on two 24 h food recalls. CircS was defined based on components of the metabolic syndrome, with the addition of short sleep and depression symptoms. Multivariable logistic regression was used to analyze the associations. Two major dietary patterns were identified. The Western dietary pattern had high loadings of refined grains, solid fats, added sugars, and red and cured meats, while the prudent pattern was characterized by a high intake of vegetables, whole grains, oils, nuts, and seeds. The prevalence of CircS was 41.3%. Comparing extreme quartiles of intake, the odds ratios (OR) for having CircS were 1.96 (95%CI 1.53–2.53) and 0.71 (95%CI 0.58–0.86) for the Western pattern and prudent pattern, respectively. The association between the Western dietary pattern and CircS was stronger among men (OR = 2.05; 95%CI 1.48–2.85) and those with low income (OR = 1.94; 95%CI 1.27–2.96) and high education (OR = 3.38; 95%CI 1.90–6.04). The Western dietary pattern was associated with a higher likelihood of having CircS, while the prudent pattern was inversely associated with CircS. Full article

The study aimed to compare the predictive value of the Circadian Syndrome (CircS) and Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) for cardiovascular disease (CVD). We used data of 12,156 adults aged ≥20 years who attended National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005–2016. Mortality was obtained from the registry updated to 2019. The CircS was defined based on components of the MetS, in addition to short sleep and depression. Both the MetS and CircS were directly associated with self-reported history of CVD. The odds ratios for prevalent CVD associated with the CircS and MetS, respectively, were 2.92 (95% confidence interval (CI) 2.21–3.86) and 3.20 (2.38–4.30) in men, and 3.27 (2.34–4.59) and 3.04 (2.15–4.30) in women. The CircS had a better predictive power for prevalent CVD than that of MetS, as indicated by the higher positive predictive value (PPV); in men, the PPV for prevalent CVD with CircS was 23.1% and with MetS 20.9%, and in women these were 17.9% vs. 16.4%, respectively. However, the PPV of the CircS and MetS did not differ for the CVD mortality prediction. Women with CircS alone had a higher risk for both prevalent CVD and CVD mortality than those with MetS alone. In conclusion, the CircS is a significant and stronger predictor for CVD than the MetS in US adults. Full article