Using Large Language Models for Scientific Problem Solving and Engineering Design

A special issue of Machine Learning and Knowledge Extraction (ISSN 2504-4990). This special issue belongs to the section "Learning".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 April 2026 | Viewed by 650

Special Issue Editors


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Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-2350, USA
Interests: electronic design automation; machine learning; design creativity; cyber-social systems
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Guest Editor
Department of Electrical and Compute Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-2350, USA
Interests: machine learning; graph theory applications

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Guest Editor
Computer Science Department, De Matteis School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Hofstra University, Hempstead, NY 11549, USA
Interests: deep learning; machine learning; hybrid symbolic reasoning, retrieval, and generative models

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue is dedicated to papers presenting overviews and state-of-the-art methods that use Large Language Models (LLMs) for scientific problem solving and engineering design. LLMs offer several intriguing, new capabilities, like content creation, summarization, question answering, translation, interfacing to human language, and so on. Still, problem solving and design automation also involve specific activities, which require devising more effective techniques for problem framing, solution partitioning, creating correct and optimized implementations (designs), addressing a broad set of constraints, incorporating human preferences, to name a few. We encourage interdisciplinary submissions that bridge machine learning, electronic design automation, design science, and cognitive science, but any work discussing using LLMs for problem solving and design is of interest.

Prof. Dr. Alex Doboli
Prof. Dr. K. Wendy Tang
Prof. Dr. Simona Doboli
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • large language models
  • problem solving
  • automated engineering design
  • agents
  • prompting
  • reinforcement learning
  • retrieval-augmented generation
  • symbolic machine learning
  • knowledge representations

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

36 pages, 3276 KB  
Article
Robot Planning via LLM Proposals and Symbolic Verification
by Drejc Pesjak and Jure Žabkar
Mach. Learn. Knowl. Extr. 2026, 8(1), 22; https://doi.org/10.3390/make8010022 - 16 Jan 2026
Viewed by 204
Abstract
Planning in robotics represents an ongoing research challenge, as it requires the integration of sensing, reasoning, and execution. Although large language models (LLMs) provide a high degree of flexibility in planning, they often introduce hallucinated goals and actions and consequently lack the formal [...] Read more.
Planning in robotics represents an ongoing research challenge, as it requires the integration of sensing, reasoning, and execution. Although large language models (LLMs) provide a high degree of flexibility in planning, they often introduce hallucinated goals and actions and consequently lack the formal reliability of deterministic methods. In this paper, we address this limitation by proposing a hybrid Sense–Plan–Code–Act (SPCA) framework that combines perception, LLM-based reasoning, and symbolic planning. Within the proposed approach, sensory information is first transformed into a symbolic description of the world in Planning Domain Definition Language (PDDL) using an LLM. A heuristic planner is then used to generate a valid plan, which is subsequently converted to code by a second LLM. The generated code is first validated syntactically through compilation and then semantically in simulation. When errors are detected, local corrections can be applied and the process is repeated as necessary. The proposed method is evaluated in the OpenAI Gym MiniGrid reinforcement learning environment and in a Gazebo simulation on a UR5 robotic arm using a curriculum of tasks with increasing complexity. The system successfully completes approximately 71–75% of tasks across environments with a relatively low number of simulation iterations. Full article
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