Energy Transfer in Liquids

A special issue of Liquids (ISSN 2673-8015).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2025 | Viewed by 3125

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Department of Chemistry, Concordia College, Moorhead, MN 56562, USA
Interests: physical chemistry; spectroscopy; liquids; physical neuroscience; physical chemistry
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

The aim of this Special Issue is to bring together a diverse range of experimental, theoretical, and computational studies encompassing various aspects of energy transfer in liquids. The scope spans molecular liquids, ionic liquids, and liquid mixtures, thus offering a wide range of themes. The energy transfer processes explored in this issue span a wide spectrum of timescales, ranging from ultrafast to slow. Theoretical and experimental techniques include quantum mechanical, statistical mechanics, thermodynamic, and fluid mechanics approaches. Applications extend to various disciplines such as physics, chemistry, biology, engineering, and geology. In addition to original research articles, we welcome reviews and educational papers that contribute to the understanding of this subject.

Prof. Dr. Darin J. Ulness
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • energy transfer
  • molecular liquids
  • ionic liquids
  • liquid mixtures
  • energy dissipation
  • molecular dynamics
  • non-equilibrium processes
  • thermalization
  • excitation energy transfer
  • vibrational energy transfer
  • relaxation dynamics
  • thermal diffusion
  • conductivity
  • convection

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 14200 KiB  
Article
On the Thermal Transformation of All-trans-1,6-Diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (All-trans-DPH) into Its s-cis Conformer (s-cis-DPH) in Solution
by Javier Catalán
Liquids 2025, 5(1), 3; https://doi.org/10.3390/liquids5010003 - 6 Feb 2025
Viewed by 489
Abstract
The behavior of the energy of the peaks of the first UV/Vis absorption band and the presence or absence of isosbestic points in this band with changing temperature for all-trans-DPH and all-trans-β-carotene, dissolved in 1-chlorobutane or hydrocarbon solvents, allows [...] Read more.
The behavior of the energy of the peaks of the first UV/Vis absorption band and the presence or absence of isosbestic points in this band with changing temperature for all-trans-DPH and all-trans-β-carotene, dissolved in 1-chlorobutane or hydrocarbon solvents, allows us to show conclusively whether these compounds transform their all-trans-molecular structures into a structure of their conformers. From these analyses, it is concluded that in these solvents, all-trans-DPH is not thermally transformed to its conformer s-cis-DPH in a temperature range from 133 K to 350 K. On the other hand, all-trans-β-carotene, as a model-compound, does show changes in its molecular structure in these solvents with changing temperature. We also show that a portion of all-trans-DPH dissolved in cis-Decalin, at room temperature, slowly transforms into its conformer s-cis-DPH. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Energy Transfer in Liquids)
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12 pages, 1349 KiB  
Article
Interactions of Laser-Induced Thermal Plume with Liquid–Air Interfaces in Straight-Chain Alcohols
by Reese W. Anderson, Allison I. Anderson, Mark W. Gealy and Darin J. Ulness
Liquids 2024, 4(4), 732-743; https://doi.org/10.3390/liquids4040041 - 22 Nov 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 716
Abstract
This study investigates the dynamics of thermal plumes interacting with the liquid–air interface in straight-chain alcohols and their mixtures using a photothermal imaging technique based on thermal lensing. This method enables the indirect measurement of temperature gradients via changes in refractive index caused [...] Read more.
This study investigates the dynamics of thermal plumes interacting with the liquid–air interface in straight-chain alcohols and their mixtures using a photothermal imaging technique based on thermal lensing. This method enables the indirect measurement of temperature gradients via changes in refractive index caused by localized laser heating. Employing a collimated laser beam, the results show the formation and evolution of cylindrical heated zones and their interactions with the liquid–air interface. The study reveals that, while some alcohols exhibit stable surface behaviors, others demonstrate complex dynamical behaviors, including strong stable steady-state oscillations. The findings contribute to understanding fluid dynamics in molecular liquids near their liquid–air interfaces. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Energy Transfer in Liquids)
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20 pages, 11389 KiB  
Article
Frustrated-Laser-Induced Thermal Starting Plumes in Fresh and Salt Water
by Johnathan Biebighauser, Johan Dominguez Lopez, Krys Strand, Mark W. Gealy and Darin J. Ulness
Liquids 2024, 4(2), 332-351; https://doi.org/10.3390/liquids4020017 - 8 Apr 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1245
Abstract
The results of a photothermal spectroscopy technique that effectively images convective and conductive heat flow in liquids via a thermal lensing effect are described. Pure water; sodium chloride solutions at salinities of approximately 5, 15, 25, and 35 g/kg; and an artificial seawater [...] Read more.
The results of a photothermal spectroscopy technique that effectively images convective and conductive heat flow in liquids via a thermal lensing effect are described. Pure water; sodium chloride solutions at salinities of approximately 5, 15, 25, and 35 g/kg; and an artificial seawater of 35 g/kg were studied across a range of temperatures. This system was studied because of the importance of thermal pluming in seawater. ‘Frustrated’ thermal starting plumes were observed near the temperature of maximum density. The physical characteristics of these thermal starting plumes are reported. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Energy Transfer in Liquids)
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