Biomarkers in Gastric Diseases

A special issue of Gastrointestinal Disorders (ISSN 2624-5647).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2019) | Viewed by 4496

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Diagnostic Pathology I, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake 470-1192, Aichi, Japan
Interests: gastric cancer; colorectal cancer; gastrointestinal carcinogenesis; prevention; animal models

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Guest Editor
Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
Interests: stomach; chronic atrophic gastritis; intestinal metaplasia; Helicobacter pylori; inflammation; gastric cancer; SPEM (spasmolytic polypeptide expressing metaplasia)

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Gastric cancer is one of the leading life-threatening disease world-wide. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and subsequent persistent inflammation is well known to be major cause of gastric diseases, including chronic atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, and gastric carcinogenesis. Gastric lesions progress gradually and steadily along with the duration of infection. Thus, risk assessment for carcinogenesis needs to be modified according to the changing gastric mucosa. Experimental and epidemiological studies revealed curative eradication of H. pylori significantly lowered cancer incidence. However, it is also warned that human cases of atrophic metaplastic gastritis are already at risk for gastric cancer development, even after eradication of the bacteria. To clarify the situation of H. pylori induced gastric mucosal damage, various biological, serological, or molecular biomarkers have become more and more important and attracting attention in both research and clinical situations.

Serum pepsinogen test is useful to assess gastric atrophy and H. pylori situation, well correlating with gastric cancer risk. Chromosomal amplification and overexpression of HER2 enables molecular targeting therapy with Trastuzumab. DNA methylation is common alteration and could be therapeutic target. miRNA attracted attention to regulate expression of various oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. More recently, circulating tumor cells or cell free DNA would be more sensitive and non-invasive methods to monitor carcinogenesis or recurrence.

We expect this Special Issue will provide various biomarkers to clarify H. pylori-induced gastric diseases and may explore further diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

Prof. Dr. Tetsuya Tsukamoto
Prof. Dr. Sachiyo Nomura
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • Stomach
  • Chronic atrophic gastritis
  • Intestinal metaplasia
  • Helicobacter pylori
  • Inflammation
  • Methylation
  • Small interfering RNA
  • Molecular targeting therapy

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

12 pages, 997 KiB  
Article
Correlation between Helicobacter pylori Infection and Gastric Atrophy Examined in the Sera of Mongolian People
by Avarzed Amgalanbaatar, Hirofumi Shimomura, Kentaro Sugano, Tsatsralt-Od Bira, Hiroaki Okamoto and Yoshikazu Hirai
Gastrointest. Disord. 2019, 1(2), 241-252; https://doi.org/10.3390/gidisord1020019 - 3 Apr 2019
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 4081
Abstract
Serum specimens obtained from 680 individuals were examined to measure the amounts of pepsinogens 1 and 2, anti-CagA antibodies, and anti-Helicobacter pylori antibodies. We examined sera obtained from 610 Mongolian individuals living in the capital city, Ulaanbaatar. Seventy serum specimens were collected [...] Read more.
Serum specimens obtained from 680 individuals were examined to measure the amounts of pepsinogens 1 and 2, anti-CagA antibodies, and anti-Helicobacter pylori antibodies. We examined sera obtained from 610 Mongolian individuals living in the capital city, Ulaanbaatar. Seventy serum specimens were collected from Japanese people who were health-screened: These were stored at the gastroenterology laboratory of Jichi Medical University. The sera of the Japanese people were used as a control specimen. Two enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits, an E-plate ELISA kit from Eiken Chemical Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan), and a Biohit ELISA kit from Biohit Oyj (Helsinki, Finland), were used for the detection of anti-H. pylori IgG antibodies in the sera of the 610 Mongolian people. An ELISA kit EIA-4138 from DRG Instruments GmbH (Germany) was used for the detection of anti-CagA IgG antibodies in the serum specimens. Serum pepsinogens were detected by an ELISA kit from Biohit Oyj. Of the 610 serum specimens, 385 specimens tested positive for the detection of anti-H. pylori antibodies using the two ELISA kits, and 47 tested negative. For the detection of anti-H. pylori antibodies by the Biohit ELISA kit, 560 and 50 specimens were positive and negative, respectively. The ratio of serum pepsinogen 1/2 was statistically lower (p < 0.0001) in the H. pylori-positive (560 specimens) than in the H. pylori-negative (50 specimens) specimens. However, the levels of serum pepsinogen 1 had no statistical significance (p = 0.465) between the specimens of the H. pylori-positive and -negative specimens. The ratio of serum pepsinogen 1/2 was 6.74 ± 0.12 in the H. pylori-positive specimens, whereas the ratio of serum pepsinogen 1/2 was 12.69 ± 1.02 in the H. pylori-negative specimens. This study demonstrated the high prevalence of H. pylori infection in Mongolian people, including young generations, and the people infected with H. pylori possessed low pepsinogen 1/2 ratios, indicating atrophic gastritis. The serological examinations by the two ELISA kits did not consistently reflect the prevalence of H. pylori infection in Mongolian people. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomarkers in Gastric Diseases)
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