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AgriEngineering
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Advanced Lighting Technologies in Controlled Environment Agriculture for Production, Breeding,...
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Advanced Lighting Technologies in Controlled Environment Agriculture for Production, Breeding, and Research

A special issue of AgriEngineering (ISSN 2624-7402).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2021) | Viewed by 8834

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Tessa Pocock

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Director of Light Optimization, Plenty Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
Interests: light modulation of crops; photochemistry; physiology; biochemistry
Dr. Michael Schwieterman

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Head of Nutrition and Flavor, Plenty Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
Interests: flavor chemistry; plant breeding; phenotype modeling

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Vegetable and fruit production in urban and peri-urban areas must increase to meet the present and future demands for year-round fresh, local and nutritious produce. The migration of people to urban areas, the cost of land, the devastating loss of topsoil and the over-reliance on climate-challenged field fruit and vegetable production have increased our reliance on controlled environment agriculture (CEA) for food production. Light is critical in CEA, whether it is a greenhouse or plant factory. It provides all the energy for crop growth and yield, and both intensity and spectrum provide information that can shape crop characteristics such as morphology, development, photosynthesis and nutrient density. Being a closed or semi-closed system, CEA presents an opportunity to generate more reproducible and actionable results for basic and applied studies on lighting in agricultural systems. Rapid advances in lighting technologies along with cutting-edge phenotyping, monitoring, sensing technologies and precision plant breeding bring a more sophisticated approach to crop production in CEA. However, light does not work alone; it is an integral part of farm systems and a considerable component of farm economics. Electric lighting accounts for approximately 32% of capital costs and 9% of electrical energy use in greenhouses, whereas in plant factories, light accounts for approximately 65% and 33%, respectively. Despite the heavy costs of plant factories, if managed correctly, they can be more profitable due to the potential for sensing, control and increased resource use efficiency.

This Special Issue is devoted to research studies that cover the use of LED light and control systems to improve crop yields, crop efficacies, crop quality and plant breeding, as well as advancements in environmental and biological monitoring.

Dr. Tessa Pocock
Dr. Michael Schwieterman
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. AgriEngineering is an international peer-reviewed open access quarterly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • crop modulation using LEDs in CEA
  • LED systems operation and efficacy
  • leafy greens
  • small fruits
  • crop efficacy
  • photosynthesis
  • crop biochemistry
  • plant phenomics and sensing, high throughput
  • crop development models
  • crop and environmental sensing

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 2377 KiB  
Article
On the Technical Performance Characteristics of Horticultural Lamps
by Timothy J. Shelford and Arend-Jan Both
AgriEngineering 2021, 3(4), 716-727; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriengineering3040046 - 28 Sep 2021
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 4432
Abstract
Recent advances in light emitting diode (LED) technology have provided exciting opportunities for plant lighting applications, and it is expected that LED lighting will soon overtake the still common use of high-intensity discharge (HID) lighting technology. Because LED lighting offers novel capabilities, extensive [...] Read more.
Recent advances in light emitting diode (LED) technology have provided exciting opportunities for plant lighting applications, and it is expected that LED lighting will soon overtake the still common use of high-intensity discharge (HID) lighting technology. Because LED lighting offers novel capabilities, extensive research is needed to identify optimal lighting practices for the large number of crops grown by commercial greenhouse growers. Plant scientists and growers facing decisions about plant lighting systems do not always have sufficient information about lamp performance characteristics. In this paper, we reported on various technical performance characteristics for 18 lamp types commonly used for plant production, and compared these characteristics with the characteristics of sunlight. The results showed a substantial range of performance characteristics, highlighting the importance of a careful assessment before selecting a light source for horticultural applications. The data presented in this paper can be used to assess the suitability of a specific light source for a particular horticultural application. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Lighting Technologies in Controlled Environment Agriculture for Production, Breeding, and Research)
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21 pages, 1472 KiB  
Article
Stress Detection Using Proximal Sensing of Chlorophyll Fluorescence on the Canopy Level
by Linnéa Ahlman, Daniel Bånkestad, Sammar Khalil, Karl-Johan Bergstrand and Torsten Wik
AgriEngineering 2021, 3(3), 648-668; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriengineering3030042 - 27 Aug 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3017
Abstract
Chlorophyll fluorescence is interesting for phenotyping applications as it is rich in biological information and can be measured remotely and non-destructively. There are several techniques for measuring and analysing this signal. However, the standard methods use rather extreme conditions, e.g., saturating light and [...] Read more.
Chlorophyll fluorescence is interesting for phenotyping applications as it is rich in biological information and can be measured remotely and non-destructively. There are several techniques for measuring and analysing this signal. However, the standard methods use rather extreme conditions, e.g., saturating light and dark adaption, which are difficult to accommodate in the field or in a greenhouse and, hence, limit their use for high-throughput phenotyping. In this article, we use a different approach, extracting plant health information from the dynamics of the chlorophyll fluorescence induced by a weak light excitation and no dark adaption, to classify plants as healthy or unhealthy. To evaluate the method, we scanned over a number of species (lettuce, lemon balm, tomato, basil, and strawberries) exposed to either abiotic stress (drought and salt) or biotic stress factors (root infection using Pythium ultimum and leaf infection using Powdery mildew Podosphaera aphanis). Our conclusions are that, for abiotic stress, the proposed method was very successful, while, for powdery mildew, a method with spatial resolution would be desirable due to the nature of the infection, i.e., point-wise spread. Pythium infection on the roots is not visually detectable in the same way as powdery mildew; however, it affects the whole plant, making the method an interesting option for Pythium detection. However, further research is necessary to determine the limit of infection needed to detect the stress with the proposed method. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Lighting Technologies in Controlled Environment Agriculture for Production, Breeding, and Research)
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