Isolation and Antitrypanosomal Characterization of Furoquinoline and Oxylipin from Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Culture of Parasites and Mammalian Cell Lines
2.2. Crude Extraction and Fractionation of Plants
2.3. Chromatographic and Spectrometric Analysis
2.4. Analysis of Cell Viability and Cytotoxicity
2.5. Analysis of Cell Cycle
2.6. Fluorescence Microscopy
2.7. Antioxidant Potential Analysis
2.8. Antitrypanosomal Sensitivity Analysis
2.9. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Bioactivity-Guided Chromatography, Spectrometry, and Spectroscopy of Compounds
3.2. Compounds 1 and 2 Were Selectively Antitrypanosomal
3.3. Compounds 1 and 2 Induced Cell Cycle Arrest in T. brucei
3.4. Compounds 1 and 2 Aggregated and Distorted Morphology and Distribution of T. brucei
3.5. Oxidant Capacity of Compounds in T. brucei
3.6. Effects of Compounds on Growth Kinetics of T. brucei
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
AT | African trypanosomiasis |
Z. zanthoxyloides | Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides (Lam.) Zepern. and Timler |
9-oxo-ODA | 9-oxo-10, 12-octadecadienoic acid |
PPARα | peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha |
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Column Fractions | Mean EC50 ± SEM (μg/mL) |
---|---|
1 | 11.2 ± 0.71 |
2 | 13.4 ± 0.47 |
3 | 9.3 ± 1.73 |
4 | 2.0 ± 0.20 |
5 | 6.2 ± 1.30 |
6 | 9.7 ± 1.23 |
7 | 17.2 ± 3.37 |
8 | 8.9 ± 0.74 |
9 | 19.5 ± 2.12 |
10 | 28.3 ± 1.06 |
11 | 54.5 ± 1.12 |
DA | 0.5 ± 0.05 |
Compounds | Mean EC50 ± SEM (μM) | SI | |
---|---|---|---|
T. brucei | RAW 264.7 | ||
Compound 1 | 1.7 ± 0.14 | 127.3 ± 3.0 | 74.9 |
Compound 2 | 1.2 ± 0.34 | 128.8 ± 2.3 | 107.3 |
DA | 1.6 ± 0.07 | 138.7 ± 0.9 | 86.7 |
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Dofuor, A.K.; Ayertey, F.; Bolah, P.; Djameh, G.I.; Kyeremeh, K.; Ohashi, M.; Okine, L.K.; Gwira, T.M. Isolation and Antitrypanosomal Characterization of Furoquinoline and Oxylipin from Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides. Biomolecules 2020, 10, 1670. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom10121670
Dofuor AK, Ayertey F, Bolah P, Djameh GI, Kyeremeh K, Ohashi M, Okine LK, Gwira TM. Isolation and Antitrypanosomal Characterization of Furoquinoline and Oxylipin from Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides. Biomolecules. 2020; 10(12):1670. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom10121670
Chicago/Turabian StyleDofuor, Aboagye Kwarteng, Frederick Ayertey, Peter Bolah, Georgina Isabella Djameh, Kwaku Kyeremeh, Mitsuko Ohashi, Laud Kenneth Okine, and Theresa Manful Gwira. 2020. "Isolation and Antitrypanosomal Characterization of Furoquinoline and Oxylipin from Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides" Biomolecules 10, no. 12: 1670. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom10121670