Assessment of Community Knowledge and Practices towards Rabies Prevention: A Cross-Sectional Survey in Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Area and Study Design
2.2. Sample Size and Sampling Method
2.3. Questionnaire Design, Pre-Test and Data Collection
2.4. Data Management and Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Socio-Demographic Characteristics of Respondents
3.2. Participants’ Knowledge Regarding Rabies
3.3. Participants’ Practice Regarding Rabies Prevention
3.4. Association between Level of Knowledge and Explanatory Variables of Rabies
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Statements | Correct Response | |
---|---|---|
Frequency | % | |
Rabies is zoonotic disease that transmits from rabies infected animals to humans. | 221 | 81.50 |
Susceptible hosts of rabies are dog, bat, cat, monkey, fox and remaining mammals. | 198 | 73.10 |
Virus is the causative agent of rabies. | 108 | 39.9 |
Bites and saliva of any rabid animal is the mode of the transmission of rabies. | 126 | 46.5 |
Hydrophobia, excessive salivation are the signs and symptoms of rabies in animals. | 235 | 86.70 |
Irritability and anger are the signs and symptoms of rabies in human. | 235 | 86.70 |
Parts of body when bitten by rabid animal would be serious are head, face and neck. | 150 | 55.40 |
Rabies is considered as dangerous because it has no treatment and is fatal. | 126 | 46.50 |
For preventing pet animals from rabies, we shouldn’t let them in contact with any community animal. | 242 | 89.30 |
Personal protection equipment should be adopted while caring rabies infected person to avoid bites and saliva. | 235 | 86.70 |
Washing the wound with soap and water is the immediate first aid management after dog/cat and other animal bite. | 154 | 56.80 |
We shouldn’t apply chili powder and shouldn’t bandage the wound following rabid animal bite. | 254 | 93.70 |
We should do anti-rabies vaccination following the animal bite. | 266 | 98.20 |
It is safe to pregnant or lactating mothers for anti-rabies vaccination | 108 | 39.9 |
Level of Knowledge | Frequency | Percentage (%) |
---|---|---|
Satisfactory (≥10) | 114 | 42.06% |
Unsatisfactory (<10) | 157 | 57.93% |
Variables | Category | Response | |
---|---|---|---|
Frequency | % | ||
Presence of pet animals | |||
Yes | 62 | 22.9 | |
No | 209 | 77.10 | |
If yes, rabies vaccination status (n = 62) | |||
Yes | 56 | 90.32 | |
No | 6 | 9.68 | |
Animal birth control surgeries status (n = 62) | |||
Yes | 23 | 37.09 | |
No | 39 | 62.91 | |
Keep pet animals in kennel or tie with chain (n = 62) | |||
Yes | 42 | 67.75 | |
No | 20 | 32.25 | |
If yes, time to kept (n = 42) | |||
1–12 h | 35 | 56.46 | |
13–24 h | 7 | 43.54 | |
History of animal bite in family | |||
Yes | 106 | 39.11 | |
No | 165 | 60.89 | |
If yes, which animal (n = 106) | |||
Dog | 98 | 92.46 | |
Cat | 2 | 1.88 | |
Fox | 4 | 3.78 | |
Monkey | 1 | 0.94 | |
Other | 1 | 0.94 | |
Time to sought for treatment (n = 106) | |||
Within same day | 86 | 81.14 | |
Within 2 to 7 days | 19 | 17.92 | |
Above 7 days | 1 | 0.94 | |
Immediate first aid practice follows (n = 106) | |||
Did not do anything | 46 | 43.40 | |
Washed the wound with soap and water | 53 | 50.00 | |
I had tied the wound tightly with cloth | 1 | 0.94 | |
Had used of traditional medicine | 6 | 5.66 | |
If conventional medicine, substance used (n = 6) | |||
Turmeric powder | 1 | 16.66 | |
Goat weed | 3 | 50 | |
Others | 2 | 33.34 | |
Place for treatment (n = 106) | |||
Health institutions | 97 | 91.50 | |
Traditional Healers | 7 | 6.61 | |
Both | 2 | 1.89 | |
Vaccination done after being bitten by animals (n = 106) | |||
Yes | 94 | 88.67 | |
No | 12 | 11.33 |
Variables | Category | Level of Knowledge | Chi-Square | p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Unsatisfactory (%) | Satisfactory (%) | ||||
Age group | 0.56 | 0.45 | |||
18–30 | 25 (37.9%) | 41 (62.1%) | |||
31–60 | 88 (43.1%) | 116 (56.9%) | |||
Gender | 4.133 | 0.04 * | |||
Male | 41 (35.3%) | 75 (64.7%) | |||
Females | 73 (47.7%) | 80 (52.3%) | |||
Occupation | 1.24 | 0.53 | |||
Agriculture | 12 (38.7%) | 19 (61.3%) | |||
Business | 36 (47.4%) | 40 (52.6%) | |||
Others 1 | 66 (40.2%) | 98 (59.8%) | |||
Marital status | 0.07 | 0.78 | |||
Others than married 2 | 27 (43.5%) | 35 (56.5%) | |||
Married | 87 (41.6%) | 122 (58.4%) | |||
Religion | 2.34 | 0.12 | |||
Hindu | 97 (40.4%) | 143 (59.6%) | |||
Others than Hindu 3 | 17 (54.8%) | 14 (45.2%) | |||
Ethnicity | 2.91 | 0.23 | |||
Brahmin/Chhetri | 77 (39.1%) | 120 (60.9%) | |||
Janajati | 26 (48.1%) | 28 (51.9%) | |||
Others ≠ | 11 (55.0%) | 9 (45.0%) | |||
Family monthly income | 7.19 | 0.007 * | |||
Below 10 thousands | 13 (72.2%) | 5 (27.8%) | |||
Above Ten Thousands | 101 (39.9%) | 152 (60.1%) | |||
Family type | 2.07 | 0.14 | |||
Nuclear Family | 71 (45.8%) | 84 (54.2%) | |||
Joint Family | 43 (37.1%) | 73 (62.9%) | |||
Educational status | 3.67 | 0.05 * | |||
Illiterate and not formal education | 13 (61.9%) | 8 (38.1%) | |||
literate with formal education | 101 (40.4%) | 149 (59.6%) | |||
Presence of pet animals | 0.001 | 0.98 | |||
Yes | 26 (41.9%) | 36 (58.1%) | |||
No | 88 (42.1%) | 121 (57.9%) | |||
History of animal bite in family | 0.82 | 0.36 | |||
Yes | 41 (38.7%) | 65 (61.3%) | |||
No | 73 (44.2%) | 92 (55.8%) |
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Subedi, S.; Adhikari, K.; Regmi, D.; Sharma, H.K.; Bolakhe, N.; Kandel, M.; Subedi, D. Assessment of Community Knowledge and Practices towards Rabies Prevention: A Cross-Sectional Survey in Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal. Zoonotic Dis. 2023, 3, 203-214. https://doi.org/10.3390/zoonoticdis3030017
Subedi S, Adhikari K, Regmi D, Sharma HK, Bolakhe N, Kandel M, Subedi D. Assessment of Community Knowledge and Practices towards Rabies Prevention: A Cross-Sectional Survey in Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal. Zoonotic Diseases. 2023; 3(3):203-214. https://doi.org/10.3390/zoonoticdis3030017
Chicago/Turabian StyleSubedi, Sanju, Kishor Adhikari, Devraj Regmi, Hari Krishna Sharma, Nishakiran Bolakhe, Milan Kandel, and Deepak Subedi. 2023. "Assessment of Community Knowledge and Practices towards Rabies Prevention: A Cross-Sectional Survey in Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal" Zoonotic Diseases 3, no. 3: 203-214. https://doi.org/10.3390/zoonoticdis3030017