In-Field Hyperspectral Proximal Sensing for Estimating Grapevine Water Status to Support Smart Precision Viticulture †
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Test Site
2.2. Predawn Leaf Water Potential and Spectroscopy Methodology
2.3. Statistical and Principal Component Analysis
2.4. Data Processing and Modelling
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Evaluation Date | Non-Irrigated | 30% Etc | 60% Etc | ANOVA F |
---|---|---|---|---|
28 July | −1.263 ± 0.226 bA | −0.560 ± 0.072 dB | −0.469 ± 0.119 bB | 5.72 × 10−14 *** |
4 August | −1.294 ± 0.185 bA | −1.096 ± 0.231 aB | −0.575 ± 0.020 aC | 7.12 × 10−11 *** |
11 August | −1.475 ± 0.116 aA | −0.729 ± 0.090 cB | −0.650 ± 0.122 aB | <2 × 10−16 *** |
19 August | −1.490 ± 0.123 aA | −0.717 ± 0.095 cB | −0.433 ± 0.087 bC | <2 × 10−16 *** |
25 August | −1.558 ± 0.095 aA | −0.752 ± 0.155 cB | −0.446 ± 0.075 bC | <2 × 10−16 *** |
1 September | −1.538 ± 0.124 aA | −0.958 ± 0.146 bB | −0.390 ± 0.120 bC | <2 × 10−16 *** |
Mean | −1.436 A | −0.802 B | −0.494 C | <2 × 10−16 *** |
ANOVA F | 1.08 × 10−5 *** | 4.04 × 10−12 *** | 7.48 × 10−8 *** |
Training Dataset | Validation Dataset | Total | |
---|---|---|---|
R2 | 1 | 0.89 | 0.95 |
RMSE (MPa) | 0.00 | 0.32 | 0.23 |
MAPE (%) | 0.09 | 33.36 | 16.57 |
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David, E.; Tosin, R.; Gonçalves, I.; Rodrigues, L.; Barbosa, C.; Santos, F.; Pinheiro, H.; Martins, R.; Cunha, M. In-Field Hyperspectral Proximal Sensing for Estimating Grapevine Water Status to Support Smart Precision Viticulture. Biol. Life Sci. Forum 2023, 27, 54. https://doi.org/10.3390/IECAG2023-15871
David E, Tosin R, Gonçalves I, Rodrigues L, Barbosa C, Santos F, Pinheiro H, Martins R, Cunha M. In-Field Hyperspectral Proximal Sensing for Estimating Grapevine Water Status to Support Smart Precision Viticulture. Biology and Life Sciences Forum. 2023; 27(1):54. https://doi.org/10.3390/IECAG2023-15871
Chicago/Turabian StyleDavid, Erica, Renan Tosin, Igor Gonçalves, Leandro Rodrigues, Catarina Barbosa, Filipe Santos, Hugo Pinheiro, Rui Martins, and Mario Cunha. 2023. "In-Field Hyperspectral Proximal Sensing for Estimating Grapevine Water Status to Support Smart Precision Viticulture" Biology and Life Sciences Forum 27, no. 1: 54. https://doi.org/10.3390/IECAG2023-15871