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Oxygen, Volume 5, Issue 1 (March 2025) – 2 articles

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17 pages, 2344 KiB  
Review
The Effects of Photodynamic Therapy on Genetically Determined Glioma Syndromes Associated with an Increased Risk of Disease
by Jadwiga Inglot, Joanna Katarzyna Strzelczyk, Jakub Tylutki, Dorota Bartusik-Aebisher and David Aebisher
Oxygen 2025, 5(1), 2; https://doi.org/10.3390/oxygen5010002 - 26 Feb 2025
Viewed by 459
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an effective method of preventing the progression of cancer. The PDT method guarantees localized generation of singlet oxygen (1O2), which is toxic to the cells. Therefore, this treatment, also called light-activated chemotherapy, is particularly useful [...] Read more.
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an effective method of preventing the progression of cancer. The PDT method guarantees localized generation of singlet oxygen (1O2), which is toxic to the cells. Therefore, this treatment, also called light-activated chemotherapy, is particularly useful for tumors whose location is difficult to access but needs to be known. Therefore, PDT may be an alternative method to the surgical removal of the tumor by replacing the scalpel tool with three factors, i.e., light, a photosensitizer and oxygen, to generate singlet oxygen in the cell. Herein, primary brain tumors that probably originate from neuroglial stem or progenitor cells are discussed. In this review, we have included current information on the use of PDT in the treatment of gliomas in the context of genetics. We have mainly focused on the study of the use of PDT in patients with genetic syndromes that are associated with an increased risk of glioma. The review also uses information on genetic syndromes that are important for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with glioma. We discuss the association between brain tumors and a few genetic abnormalities. In this review, we highlight the molecular mechanism of human cell response to PDT based on the literature data. In treated samples, significant changes in gene expression were noted after PDT. Full article
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11 pages, 2224 KiB  
Article
Pain Perception Threshold in Young High-Altitude Natives After Acute Exposure to Severe Hypoxic Conditions
by Kely Melina Vilca-Coaquira, Angel Gabriel Calisaya-Huacasi, Jeancarlo Tejada-Flores, Henry Oscar Tintaya-Ramos, Mariela Mercedes Quispe-Trujillo, Solanyela Anny Quispe-Humpiri, Rossela Alejandra Rojas-Chambilla, Gilberto Félix Peña-Vicuña, Alberto Salazar Granara, Luis F. Lens Sardón, Alcides Flores-Paredes, Moua Yang, Ginés Viscor and Ivan Hancco Zirena
Oxygen 2025, 5(1), 1; https://doi.org/10.3390/oxygen5010001 - 13 Jan 2025
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Abstract
Previous studies indicate that individuals at high altitudes have a lower pain threshold than those living at sea level. This study evaluates the differences in pain perception among young people living at an altitude of 3800 m and after acute exposure to a [...] Read more.
Previous studies indicate that individuals at high altitudes have a lower pain threshold than those living at sea level. This study evaluates the differences in pain perception among young people living at an altitude of 3800 m and after acute exposure to a severe hypoxic environment at more than 5100 m. Fourteen people (BMI of 22.6 ± 1.2 and age of 23.3 ± 1.9 years) residing in the city of Puno (3825 m) participated in an ascent to the Populated Center of La Rinconada (>5100 m). The unilateral ischemia pain provocation test was used, applying pressure with a manual sphygmomanometer to generate transient ischemia in the arm while the patient opens and closes their hand. Onset, peak, and resolution times of pain, heart rate, and oxygen saturation were recorded. At their residence altitude of 3828 m, the mean hemoglobin was 16.16 ± 2.29, while at 5100 m, mean hemoglobin increased to 17.57 ± 1.74. The average time to pain onset in the right arm was 30.43 s ± 14.15 at 3828 m, whereas at 5100 m above sea level, the pain perception was at 31.00 s ± 19.01. At 3828 m, the average time until pain sensation in the left arm was 19.93 s ± 9.44 and increased to 23.07 s ± 10.83 at 5100 m. During exposure to a severe hypoxic environment, the pain perception threshold was similar between 3828 m and 5100 m above sea level. Full article
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