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Merits, Volume 5, Issue 3 (September 2025) – 2 articles

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12 pages, 221 KiB  
Essay
Legal Doctrinal and Sectoral Problems of Digital Platform Contracts in the European Union Resulting in Conflicts Between Workers and Platforms
by Tamás Prugberger and Bernadett Solymosi-Szekeres
Merits 2025, 5(3), 16; https://doi.org/10.3390/merits5030016 - 24 Jul 2025
Viewed by 192
Abstract
Platform contracts are a central element of digital work and therefore present a number of legal challenges, in particular with regard to the classification of the legal relationship based on them. In this paper, the two forms of platform work, work on demand [...] Read more.
Platform contracts are a central element of digital work and therefore present a number of legal challenges, in particular with regard to the classification of the legal relationship based on them. In this paper, the two forms of platform work, work on demand via apps and crowdwork, are analysed, with a separate analysis which highlights legal doctrinal inconsistencies. In doing so, we will also discuss the related problematic and varied jurisprudence. This jurisprudence illustrates the complex dispute between the worker and the platform company. Finally, the new Platform Directive of the European Union, which may not hold the key to a real solution to the problem of setting up an appropriate legal qualification system for platform workers, will be analysed. The study is based on the desk-research method, presenting national and EU legislation and case law through qualitative analysis. Full article
19 pages, 283 KiB  
Article
Invisible in White Coats: Unveiling the Hidden Barriers for Female Physicians Through Microaggressions and Intersectionality
by Myia S. Williams, Alyson K. Myers, Oyindamola Adebo and Lisa Anang
Merits 2025, 5(3), 15; https://doi.org/10.3390/merits5030015 - 11 Jul 2025
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Abstract
Despite decades of ongoing efforts to address gender equality, female physicians, particularly women of color, continue to face significant barriers in medicine, which are exacerbated by microaggressions. In this qualitative study, 133 female physicians recalled experiences with microaggressions and the impact of these [...] Read more.
Despite decades of ongoing efforts to address gender equality, female physicians, particularly women of color, continue to face significant barriers in medicine, which are exacerbated by microaggressions. In this qualitative study, 133 female physicians recalled experiences with microaggressions and the impact of these experiences on their professional identities and career progression. Thematic analysis revealed four major themes: (1) disregard for professional status; (2) undermining contributions; (3) intersectionality; (4) impact on career mobility and professional confidence. Further, there was one emerging theme: leadership and culture. The results underscore the compounding effects of microaggressions for female physicians with intersecting identities. Highlighting the application of social identity theory, intersectionality, and organizational justice, this study provides a comprehensive view of the impact of microaggressions on female physicians, offering new perspectives on the intersectional nature of discrimination and its effects on professional identity and career satisfaction. Full article
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