Perspectives of People with Mild to Moderate Cognitive Impairment and Their Caregivers about Physical Activity and Exercise for Fall Prevention: A Qualitative Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Data Collection
2.3. Data Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Awareness
Not that long ago he did not do his normal walk, he went a different way, [to a] different place. [It] took him [a bit] longer [to get home]. I thought he was lost. Nobody else knew that. So, you know, as you get worse, [and] what we know is [it is] going to happen, [I think] it would be better [for you to be] doing exercise with people rather than alone.(Hayley, caregiver)
3.2. Denial
As an outside observer [there is] nothing [to] tell me why you trip. However, several times when it happened, [although] it does not happen a lot. Sometimes when it happens, you said to me ‘it is my progressive lenses I do not see the depth properly of things’.(Elisa, caregiver)
He has trouble Ig words in the right order. [It is] not bad, but sometimes you [name of participant] get frustrated because you want to say something, but it does not come out the way that you want [it] to come out. Moreover, it is not every time, it is out of the blue.(Edith, caregiver)
I don’t want to associate with [them because]…they might be worse than I am. I am not comfortable with doing that [as it might be challenging for me to see the deterioration I will experience in the foreseeable future].(Raymond)
3.3. Accommodation—Acceptance and Adjustment
We have a strategy for Dane coming down here [to interview place] today to meet up with you. The night before I talked to him on the telephone. I got him to write on a piece of paper [that] he need[ed] to catch the bus, and he had to be [at interview place] by this time. [I then asked him to] put [the note] on his breakfast tray.(Elisa, caregiver)
I have realised that I have to help myself. I have to push myself a bit more [to exercise]. …I do not know, maybe I should push myself a bit more [and] be more enthusiastic [to do exercise and attend an exercise group but] then I think ‘Why I do this silly thing?’. I am 91 years old and should accept the fact that I am 91. But, I honestly do not know.(Ashley, participant)
If I did not have a little dog, I would not bother going walking alone in the park unless my wife says, “Let’s have a walk”. [But] I have company, my dog is my company and so we enjoy [going for walks together]. …I [am] still interested in doing [activities] that keep my body fit, because I like to be fit.(Raymond, participant)
4. Discussion
4.1. Clinical Implications
4.2. Strengths and Limitations
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Demographic Questions: |
Participant Gender, Age, Long-Term Conditions, Caregiver Age, and Relationship Between Participant and Caregiver |
Topics Explored: |
Tell me about your balance? Tell me about the times you have lost your balance or nearly had a fall? How do you think you could improve your balance? How do you think physical activity or exercise might help you? What would help you to exercise or do physical activity regularly? What would stop you from exercising or do physical activity regularly? Where would you like to do the exercise or physical activity? |
Participants | Caregivers | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Name | Gender | Age (Years) | MMSE Score | #LTCs | Name | Age (Years) | #LTCs | Relationship |
Alden | Male | 71 | 14 | 0 | Sabrina | 67 | 0 | Spouse |
Bradley | Male | 79 | 28 | 1 | Edith | 65 | >4 | Spouse |
Raymond | Male | 76 | 27 | 0 | Hayley | 70 | 1 | Spouse |
Ashley | Female | 91 | 22 | 0 | NA | NA | NA | NA |
Daisy | Female | 78 | 22 | 3 | NA | NA | NA | NA |
Dane | Male | 82 | 24 | 2 | Elisa | 62 | 0 | Spouse |
Hazel | Female | 90 | 20 | 0 | NA | NA | NA | NA |
Earl | Male | 78 | 16 | 3 | Kelsie | 76 | 0 | Spouse |
Zain | Male | 74 | 21 | 1 | Joana | 70 | 1 | Spouse |
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Mesbah, N.; Perry, M.; Hale, L.; Hill, K.D.; Wilkinson, A. Perspectives of People with Mild to Moderate Cognitive Impairment and Their Caregivers about Physical Activity and Exercise for Fall Prevention: A Qualitative Study. Disabilities 2023, 3, 255-268. https://doi.org/10.3390/disabilities3020017
Mesbah N, Perry M, Hale L, Hill KD, Wilkinson A. Perspectives of People with Mild to Moderate Cognitive Impairment and Their Caregivers about Physical Activity and Exercise for Fall Prevention: A Qualitative Study. Disabilities. 2023; 3(2):255-268. https://doi.org/10.3390/disabilities3020017
Chicago/Turabian StyleMesbah, Normala, Meredith Perry, Leigh Hale, Keith D. Hill, and Amanda Wilkinson. 2023. "Perspectives of People with Mild to Moderate Cognitive Impairment and Their Caregivers about Physical Activity and Exercise for Fall Prevention: A Qualitative Study" Disabilities 3, no. 2: 255-268. https://doi.org/10.3390/disabilities3020017