A Comprehensive Review of Large Strain Consolidation Testing for Application in Oil Sands Mine Tailings
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Theoretical Background
1.2. Constitutive Relationships
2. Large Strain Consolidation Tests
2.1. Modified Conventional Oedometer Consolidation Test
2.2. Multi-Step Loading Large Strain Consolidation Test
2.3. Constant Rate of Deformation (CRD) Test
2.4. Controlled Hydraulic Gradient (CHG) Test
2.5. Seepage Induced Consolidation Test (SICT)
2.6. Compressibility Standpipe Test
2.7. Geotechnical Beam Centrifuge Test
2.8. Bench-Top Centrifuge Test
2.9. Restricted Flow Consolidation (RFC) Test
3. Discussion
Type of Consolidation Test | Test Procedure, Specimen Dimensions and Theory Used for Data Analysis | Limitations |
---|---|---|
Modified Conventional Oedometer Test [53,54,55,56,57] |
|
|
Multi-step Loading Large Strain Consolidation Test [34,64,71,142,143] |
|
|
Constant Rate of Deformation Test [73,75,78,79,80,87,144] |
|
|
Controlled Hydraulic Gradient Test [75,83,87,144] |
|
|
Seepage Induced Consolidation Test [96,145,146] |
|
|
Compressibility Standpipe Test [34,90,101,102,107,147,148] |
|
|
Geotechnical Beam Centrifuge Test [49,125,126,127,136,149,150,151] |
|
|
Bench-top Centrifuge Test [50,131,132,133,135,152,153] |
|
|
Restricted Flow Consolidation Test [14,138,154] |
|
|
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Physical Property | Scale Factor (Prototype/Model) |
---|---|
Length (m) | N |
Settlement (Deformation) (m) | N |
Cross-sectional Area (m2) | N2 |
Weight Force (N) | N2 |
Time (Consolidation) (s) | N2 |
Mass (kg) | N3 |
Mass Density (kg/m3) | 1 |
Stress (N/m2) | 1 |
Hydraulic Gradient | 1 |
Acceleration (m/s2) | 1/N |
Fluid Velocity (m/s) | 1/N |
Hydraulic Conductivity (m/s) | 1/N |
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Ahmed, M.; Beier, N.A.; Kaminsky, H. A Comprehensive Review of Large Strain Consolidation Testing for Application in Oil Sands Mine Tailings. Mining 2023, 3, 121-150. https://doi.org/10.3390/mining3010008
Ahmed M, Beier NA, Kaminsky H. A Comprehensive Review of Large Strain Consolidation Testing for Application in Oil Sands Mine Tailings. Mining. 2023; 3(1):121-150. https://doi.org/10.3390/mining3010008
Chicago/Turabian StyleAhmed, Mahmoud, Nicholas A. Beier, and Heather Kaminsky. 2023. "A Comprehensive Review of Large Strain Consolidation Testing for Application in Oil Sands Mine Tailings" Mining 3, no. 1: 121-150. https://doi.org/10.3390/mining3010008