The Behavior of Pre-Treated Crumb Rubber and Polypropylene-Fiber-Incorporated Mortar Subjected to Elevated Temperatures †
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Research Methodology
Mix Design
3. Experimental Procedures
3.1. Treatment of CR with Lime, NaOH, and Water
3.2. Polypropylene Fibers (PP Fibers)
3.3. Compressive Strength and Weight Loss
4. Results
Weight Loss and Compressive Strength
5. Conclusions
- Among the four treatments, lime treatment was found to be most effective, while water treatment yielded the worst results.
- The optimum percentage of crumb rubber replacement was found to be 5%, while the optimal PPF addition percentage was 1%.
- Rubberized-polypropylene-fiber-reinforced mortar can be exposed to temperatures up to 300 °C because, after this temperature, the compressive strength started decreasing.
- Initially, the strength increased from 150 to 300 °C. This may be due to the melting of CR, which may act as a paste. Also, with increasing temperature, hydrostatic pressure is generated, which acts against the load.
- The higher the temperature to which the sample is exposed, the greater the weight loss.
- The substitution of sand with CR had a significant impact on compressive strength, with a decrease observed as the proportion of CR increased. The results obtained in this study conclude that rubberized-polypropylene-fiber-reinforced mortar can be used in false facades, interior construction, road barriers, sideways, crash barriers around bridges, etc.
6. Recommendations
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Samples | Mix Ratio | Cement (g) | Sand (g) | W/C ratio | Water (g) | CR (mL) | PPF (g) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PPFL (Compression) | 1:2.75 | 500 | 1306.25 | 0.48 | 240 | 50 | 7.158 |
Sample No | Muffle Furnace Temp | Weight before Elevated Temp | Weight after Elevated Temp | Compression Test | Weight Loss (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 150 °C | 269.93 g | 266.99 g | 20.56 MPa | 1.08% |
2 | 150 °C | 271.69 g | 268.69 g | 19.78 MPa | 1.10% |
3 | 150 °C | 277.15 g | 274.14 g | 21.08 MPa | 1.08% |
1 | 300 °C | 279.58 g | 264.64 g | 24 MPa | 5.34% |
2 | 300 °C | 276.78 g | 262.45 g | 25.87 MPa | 5.18% |
3 | 300 °C | 274.03 g | 259.54 g | 26.92 MPa | 5.28% |
1 | 450 °C | 269.2 g | 252.69 g | 16.52 MPa | 6.13% |
2 | 450 °C | 277 g | 258.95 g | 17.56 MPa | 6.51% |
3 | 450 °C | 279 g | 261.16 g | 18.36 MPa | 6.39% |
1 | 600 °C | 276 g | 252.18 g | 13.16 MPa | 8.63% |
2 | 600 °C | 279.76 g | 255.19 g | 13.32 MPa | 8.78% |
3 | 600 °C | 278.95 g | 254.46 g | 12.28 MPa | 8.77% |
1 | 750 °C | 275.93 g | 259.81 g | 5.6 MPa | 7.84% |
2 | 750 °C | 276.68 g | 250.28 g | 4.12 MPa | 9.54% |
3 | 750 °C | 277.62 g | 251.17 g | 7.2 MPa | 9.53% |
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Shafqat, M.; Khan, M.B.; Awan, H.H. The Behavior of Pre-Treated Crumb Rubber and Polypropylene-Fiber-Incorporated Mortar Subjected to Elevated Temperatures. Eng. Proc. 2023, 44, 12. https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2023044012
Shafqat M, Khan MB, Awan HH. The Behavior of Pre-Treated Crumb Rubber and Polypropylene-Fiber-Incorporated Mortar Subjected to Elevated Temperatures. Engineering Proceedings. 2023; 44(1):12. https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2023044012
Chicago/Turabian StyleShafqat, Manail, Muhammad Basit Khan, and Hamad Hassan Awan. 2023. "The Behavior of Pre-Treated Crumb Rubber and Polypropylene-Fiber-Incorporated Mortar Subjected to Elevated Temperatures" Engineering Proceedings 44, no. 1: 12. https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2023044012