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Reprod. Med., Volume 4, Issue 4 (December 2023) – 2 articles

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11 pages, 1312 KiB  
Article
Exposure of Early Postnatal Oocytes to Chemotherapy Alters the Potential Ovarian Reserve, According to an Ex Vivo Mouse Model
by Meghan C. H. Ozcan, Julienne Chaqour, Morgan F. Woodman-Sousa and Kathryn J. Grive
Reprod. Med. 2023, 4(4), 248-258; https://doi.org/10.3390/reprodmed4040023 - 18 Dec 2023
Viewed by 1107
Abstract
Current safety data on chemotherapy during pregnancy are based on studies which focus on the mother and do not explore reproductive health and fecundity potential within the exposed offspring. We designed this randomized ex vivo animal study to evaluate the effect of chemotherapy [...] Read more.
Current safety data on chemotherapy during pregnancy are based on studies which focus on the mother and do not explore reproductive health and fecundity potential within the exposed offspring. We designed this randomized ex vivo animal study to evaluate the effect of chemotherapy on the developing ovarian reserve in the exposed offspring. Specimens (100 postnatal day zero C57BL/6 mouse ovaries) were randomized to control or chemotherapy drug exposure and maintained in a hanging well organ culture. Murine ovarian reserve establishment mirrors activity seen in the human fetus but with a significant time shift of the transition to meiotic arrest to the postnatal period. Exposures included: doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, paclitaxel, docetaxel, and cisplatin. Doxorubicin resulted in a significant loss of 95.2% (p < 0.0001) of oocyte density compared to controls. Cyclophosphamide also caused depletion of 50.5% (p < 0.0001) of oocyte density. Cisplatin, docetaxel, and paclitaxel all demonstrated unique phenotypical changes on the ovaries and their oocytes, without a significant decrease in oocyte density over a five-day exposure. Exposure to chemotherapy may result in profound loss of oogonia during the transition to mature oocytes. Full article
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Case Report
Prenatal Evaluation of a Fetal Cystic Hygroma: An Unexpected Finding of a De Novo Fetal BRCA1 Deletion Case Report
by Stephanie C. Laniewski, LauraAnne Hirschler, Anwar M. Iqbal and Neil S. Seligman
Reprod. Med. 2023, 4(4), 242-247; https://doi.org/10.3390/reprodmed4040022 - 23 Oct 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1402
Abstract
This case presents a novel occurrence of a de novo BRCA1 gene deletion in a fetus with a cystic hygroma. Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) was performed for chromosome G-banding analysis, demonstrating a normal karyotype: 46, XX. Chromosome microarray analysis performed as a reflex [...] Read more.
This case presents a novel occurrence of a de novo BRCA1 gene deletion in a fetus with a cystic hygroma. Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) was performed for chromosome G-banding analysis, demonstrating a normal karyotype: 46, XX. Chromosome microarray analysis performed as a reflex test revealed an 80 kb deletion on 17q21.31, encompassing the BRCA1 gene. Follow-up FISH analysis performed on parental blood samples yielded negative results, confirming that the deletion was de novo in the fetus. Subsequent anatomic ultrasound evaluation showed no identifiable structural defects, and it was concluded that the microdeletion was unlikely to be the cause of the cystic hygroma. Regardless, it will be imperative that the patient’s daughter be appropriately counseled regarding the implications of carrying a BRCA1 deletion and the need for heightened surveillance in adulthood. As BRCA1 genetic testing is traditionally performed on adult patients with informed consent, this case report highlights the need for ongoing conversations and research in the management of incidental fetal diagnosis discovered during routine prenatal testing, as well as the care and counseling of these patients and their families. Full article
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