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Article

Strategic Approach for Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure for Efficient Mobility along Highways: A Real Case Study in Spain

by
Alessandro Saldarini
,
Seyed Mahdi Miraftabzadeh
*,
Morris Brenna
and
Michela Longo
Department of Energy, Politecnico di Milano, Via la Masa 34, 20156 Milan, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Vehicles 2023, 5(3), 761-779; https://doi.org/10.3390/vehicles5030042
Submission received: 23 May 2023 / Revised: 24 June 2023 / Accepted: 27 June 2023 / Published: 1 July 2023
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Abstract

The Electric Vehicle (EV) market has been growing exponentially in recent years, which is why the distribution network of public charging stations will be subject to expansion and upgrading. In order to improve the public charging infrastructure, this paper aims to develop a model capable of analyzing the current situation of a stretch of highway, identifying the congestion points, created by the formation of queues at the charging points. A specific section of a highway in Spain was selected as a case study to evaluate the performance of the model, allowing for rigorous testing and thorough analysis of its performance in a real-world scenario. The first step is to define and evaluate the effects of factors affecting EV consumption, such as the slope of the road, weather conditions, and driving style. Subsequently, a simulation model is developed using the agent-based simulation software AnyLogic, which simulates the journey of a fleet of electric vehicles, taking into account the battery charging and discharging process. Based on the obtained results, the charging infrastructure is improved to minimize the total travel time of an electric vehicle on a long-distance trip.
Keywords: agent-based simulation; charging stations; electric vehicle; e-highway; public charging infrastructure agent-based simulation; charging stations; electric vehicle; e-highway; public charging infrastructure

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MDPI and ACS Style

Saldarini, A.; Miraftabzadeh, S.M.; Brenna, M.; Longo, M. Strategic Approach for Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure for Efficient Mobility along Highways: A Real Case Study in Spain. Vehicles 2023, 5, 761-779. https://doi.org/10.3390/vehicles5030042

AMA Style

Saldarini A, Miraftabzadeh SM, Brenna M, Longo M. Strategic Approach for Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure for Efficient Mobility along Highways: A Real Case Study in Spain. Vehicles. 2023; 5(3):761-779. https://doi.org/10.3390/vehicles5030042

Chicago/Turabian Style

Saldarini, Alessandro, Seyed Mahdi Miraftabzadeh, Morris Brenna, and Michela Longo. 2023. "Strategic Approach for Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure for Efficient Mobility along Highways: A Real Case Study in Spain" Vehicles 5, no. 3: 761-779. https://doi.org/10.3390/vehicles5030042

APA Style

Saldarini, A., Miraftabzadeh, S. M., Brenna, M., & Longo, M. (2023). Strategic Approach for Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure for Efficient Mobility along Highways: A Real Case Study in Spain. Vehicles, 5(3), 761-779. https://doi.org/10.3390/vehicles5030042

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