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Article

Design and Implementation of a Microgrid Testbed for Cybersecurity Analysis and Resilience Testing †

by
Joseph Mikkelson
1,
Dominic G. De La Cerda
1,
Yanwei Wu
1,* and
Xiaoguang Ma
2
1
Computer Science and Software Engineering Department, University of Wisconsin-Platteville, Platteville, WI 53818, USA
2
Electronic and Computer Engineering Department, University of Wisconsin-Platteville, Platteville, WI 53818, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
This paper is an extended version of our paper published in Mikkelson, J.; De La Cerda, D.G.; Wu, Y.; Ma, X. Microgrid Testbed for Cybersecurity Studies: A Platform for Testing Attacks and Resilience. In Proceedings of the 2025 IEEE 22nd International Conference on Mobile Ad-Hoc and Smart Systems (MASS), Chicago, IL, USA, 6–8 October 2025.
J. Cybersecur. Priv. 2026, 6(3), 92; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcp6030092
Submission received: 26 August 2025 / Revised: 25 September 2025 / Accepted: 29 September 2025 / Published: 20 May 2026
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Building Community of Good Practice in Cybersecurity)
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Abstract

A microgrid is a localized distribution network composed of electricity users who have access to local renewable and other energy sources. While the utility grid plays a critical role in the nation’s economy, security, and the well-being of its residents, connecting microgrids to the wider network via utility substations can introduce significant cybersecurity risks. Unlike most existing studies that rely on simulation, this research designs and implements a physical microgrid testbed to examine cybersecurity vulnerabilities in microgrid systems. We examine the impact of various cyberattacks—including denial of service (DoS) and communication hijacking—on microgrid operations, with a particular focus on system stability and communication networks. The findings reveal critical weaknesses within the existing communication infrastructure, providing valuable insights for designing more resilient and secure microgrids. This work offers a practical framework for addressing cybersecurity challenges in real-world industrial utility networks.
Keywords: cybersecurity; microgrid testbed; cyber-attacks; GOOSE; IEC61850; industrial networks cybersecurity; microgrid testbed; cyber-attacks; GOOSE; IEC61850; industrial networks

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MDPI and ACS Style

Mikkelson, J.; De La Cerda, D.G.; Wu, Y.; Ma, X. Design and Implementation of a Microgrid Testbed for Cybersecurity Analysis and Resilience Testing. J. Cybersecur. Priv. 2026, 6, 92. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcp6030092

AMA Style

Mikkelson J, De La Cerda DG, Wu Y, Ma X. Design and Implementation of a Microgrid Testbed for Cybersecurity Analysis and Resilience Testing. Journal of Cybersecurity and Privacy. 2026; 6(3):92. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcp6030092

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mikkelson, Joseph, Dominic G. De La Cerda, Yanwei Wu, and Xiaoguang Ma. 2026. "Design and Implementation of a Microgrid Testbed for Cybersecurity Analysis and Resilience Testing" Journal of Cybersecurity and Privacy 6, no. 3: 92. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcp6030092

APA Style

Mikkelson, J., De La Cerda, D. G., Wu, Y., & Ma, X. (2026). Design and Implementation of a Microgrid Testbed for Cybersecurity Analysis and Resilience Testing. Journal of Cybersecurity and Privacy, 6(3), 92. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcp6030092

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