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Article

Interfacial Mass Transfer in Trichloroethylene/Surfactants/ Water Systems: Implications for Remediation Strategies

by
Nadia Valletti
1,
Marcello A. Budroni
2,
Istvan Lagzi
3,4,
Nadia Marchettini
1,
Margarita Sanchez-Dominguez
5 and
Federico Rossi
1,*
1
Department of Earth, Environmental and Physical Sciences—DEEP Sciences, University of Siena, Pian dei Mantellini 44, 53100 Siena, Italy
2
Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy
3
MTA-BME Condensed Matter Physics Research Group, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budafoki ut 8, 1111 Budapest, Hungary
4
Department of Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budafoki ut 8, 1111 Budapest, Hungary
5
Grupo de Química Coloidal e Interfacial Aplicada a Nanomateriales y Formulaciones, Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados, S.C. (CIMAV), Unidad Monterrey, Alianza Norte 202, Parque de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica, Apodaca 66628, Mexico
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Reactions 2021, 2(3), 312-322; https://doi.org/10.3390/reactions2030020
Submission received: 8 July 2021 / Revised: 23 August 2021 / Accepted: 30 August 2021 / Published: 3 September 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in Reactions in 2021)
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Abstract

The fate of dense non-aqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs) in the environment and the consequential remediation problems have been intensively studied over the last 50 years. However, a scarce literature is present about the mass transfer at the DNAPL/water interface. In this paper, we present a fast method for the evaluation of the mass transfer performance of a surfactant that can easily be employed to support an effective choice for the so-called enhanced remediation strategies. We developed a lab-scale experimental system modelled by means of simple ordinary differential equations to calculate the mass transfer coefficient (K) of trichloroethylene, chosen as representative DNAPL, in the presence and in the absence of two ethoxylated alcohols belonging to the general class of Synperonic surfactants. Our findings revealed that it exists an optimal surfactant concentration range, where K increases up to 40% with respect to pure water.
Keywords: trichloroethylene; kinetic model; mass transfer coefficient; green surfactant; surfactant co-solvent flushing; poly-oxyethylene alcohol trichloroethylene; kinetic model; mass transfer coefficient; green surfactant; surfactant co-solvent flushing; poly-oxyethylene alcohol

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MDPI and ACS Style

Valletti, N.; Budroni, M.A.; Lagzi, I.; Marchettini, N.; Sanchez-Dominguez, M.; Rossi, F. Interfacial Mass Transfer in Trichloroethylene/Surfactants/ Water Systems: Implications for Remediation Strategies. Reactions 2021, 2, 312-322. https://doi.org/10.3390/reactions2030020

AMA Style

Valletti N, Budroni MA, Lagzi I, Marchettini N, Sanchez-Dominguez M, Rossi F. Interfacial Mass Transfer in Trichloroethylene/Surfactants/ Water Systems: Implications for Remediation Strategies. Reactions. 2021; 2(3):312-322. https://doi.org/10.3390/reactions2030020

Chicago/Turabian Style

Valletti, Nadia, Marcello A. Budroni, Istvan Lagzi, Nadia Marchettini, Margarita Sanchez-Dominguez, and Federico Rossi. 2021. "Interfacial Mass Transfer in Trichloroethylene/Surfactants/ Water Systems: Implications for Remediation Strategies" Reactions 2, no. 3: 312-322. https://doi.org/10.3390/reactions2030020

APA Style

Valletti, N., Budroni, M. A., Lagzi, I., Marchettini, N., Sanchez-Dominguez, M., & Rossi, F. (2021). Interfacial Mass Transfer in Trichloroethylene/Surfactants/ Water Systems: Implications for Remediation Strategies. Reactions, 2(3), 312-322. https://doi.org/10.3390/reactions2030020

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