Implementing Data-Driven Smart City Applications for Future Cities
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Research Methodology
- Population—Urban city system
- Intervention—Data-driven smart applications
- Comparator—No comparator (an optional element)
- Outcome—Current practices/issues
3. Conceptual Background and Development of Smart Cities
3.1. Open Data, Big Data, and Internet of Things (IoT): Technology That Facilitate Data Driven Applications
3.2. Data Driven Smart Applications Usage for City Functions
3.3. Challenges in Using Data-Driven Smart Applications
4. Smart City Indicators (SCI)
Evaluating Smart City Practices
5. Conclusions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
City, Country | Key Data Driven Smart City Applications | Main Key SCI |
---|---|---|
Amsterdam, The Netherlands | Citizen participation, smart lighting controls for energy efficiency and saving, improved safety, traffic reduction, digital platforms for citizens, and Open Databases | SG, SEnv, SM, SP, SL |
Groening, The Netherlands | Energy efficient systems and real-time transportation information | SEnv, SM |
Nice, France | Smart applications for lighting, road circulation, waste management, and environment monitoring | SEnv, SM, SL |
Padova, Italy | Environmental monitoring via smart sensors | SEnv |
Turin, Italy | Digital portal with services and information for citizens, user-centric design accessible to all public information and services, and smart meters | SG, SEnv, SP |
Barcelona, Spain | Combined information, communication and green technologies, smart water efficiency, smart public transportation, participatory democracy, Open databases, and smart entrepreneur opportunities | SG, SEnv, SM, SEcon, SP, SL |
Bilbao, Spain | Citizens participating in the neighborhood decision making, smart parking systems, data platforms, and Open Data systems | SG, SM, SP |
Santander, Spain | Citizen participation, smart parking systems, and digital literacy platforms | SG, SM, SP |
Stockholm, Sweden | Fiber optic communication network and wireless infrastructure for market growth | SEcon, SL |
Malmo, Sweden | ‘Citizen centric’ portals, citizens at the center of decision making, and data platforms | SG, SL |
Copenhagen, Denmark | Citizen participation, tech base, fast broadband and mobile connections, smart energy incubators and energy labs aims to become carbon-free by 2025, smart transport systems, and Open Data platforms | SG, SEnv, SM, SEcon, SP, SL |
Brno, Czech Republic | Promotion and support of entrepreneurship | SEcon |
Plan IT Valley, Portugal | Introduction of sensors for monitoring | SEnv |
Porto, Portugal | Porto innovation hub | SEcon |
Norfolk, UK | Local authority using data driven applications and environmental monitoring | SG, SEnv |
London, UK | Citizen participation, green and smart technology application in transport and parking, pollution and congestion control, innovation in entrepreneurship, digital platforms for citizens, and Open databases | SG, SEnv, SM, SEcon, SP, SL |
Liège, Belgium | VENTURELAB for innovation | SEcon |
Vienna, Austria | Energy efficiency via smart sensors, smart mobility systems | SEnv, SM |
Friedrichshafen, Germany | GPS individual distress signaling, mobile remote health monitoring, smart metering, smart transport systems, and Open data platforms | SEnv, SM, SEcon, SP, SL |
Busan, Korea | Cloud infrastructure connecting shared applications, geographic information and intelligent transportation, digital platforms, and Open Data systems | SM, SEcon, SP, SL |
Songdo, Korea | Energy efficiency, digital connectedness, high surveillance, waste management, fully automated buildings, and smart street lighting and meters | SEnv, SM, SEcon, SP, SL |
Pune, India | Open data portal to support evidence-based policy making, environmental sensors, and extensive public Wi-Fi network. | SG, SEcon, SM, SP, SL |
Dholera, India | Smart infrastructure that integrates transit networks, logistics hubs | SM, SEcon |
Fujisawa, Japan | Reduction of carbon emissions, smart mobility management | SEnv, SM |
Shanghai, China | Crowd movement control, intelligent urban infrastructure, and digital platforms | SM, SP, SL |
Beijing, China | Intelligent urban infrastructure, sharing data and public services for healthcare and education among cities, and digital platforms | SM, SP, SL |
Singapore, Asia | Energy efficiency, transportation, home and environment, business productivity, healthcare, and public sector services | SEnv, SM, SEcon, SP, SL |
New York, NY, USA | Digital tools to share information to overcome crime and innovation in entrepreneurship | SEcon, SP, SL |
Chicago, IL, USA | Digital tools to share information to overcome crime and innovation in entrepreneurship | SEcon, SP, SL |
Santa Cruz, CA, USA | Predicting the policing of areas, smart mobility management | SM, SL |
Phoenix, Arizona, USA | High-speed networks and sensors, streets and traffic signals designed to accommodate autonomous vehicles | SEnv, SM |
San Francisco, CA, USA | Citizen participation, conservation of water, replacing areas of non-native plant life with native, drought-resistant flora, interconnected smart streetlights system | SG, SEnv, SM, SEcon, SP, SL |
Seattle, WA, USA | Digital government portal with language support, Open Data and open government, IT cloud, equitable justice delivery system, communities online, smart grid, and digital evidence management | SG, SEnv, SM, SEcon, SP, SL |
Quebec City, QC, Canada | Open Wi-Fi, infrastructure management system, Open Data initiative: making city data open, and online transportation control system | SEnv, SM, SP, SL |
Toronto, OH, Canada | Integrated mobility, minimized energy consumption, waste and emissions, and garbage robots that transport waste in underground tunnels | SG, SEnv, SM, SP, SL |
Vancouver, BC, Canada | Integrated mobility, green city concepts, and energy saving options | SEnv, SM, SP |
Brisbane, Australia | Smart infrastructure, economic growth and environment sustainability, and community involvement in urban city decisions | SG, SEnv, SM, SEcon, SP, SL |
Neom, Saudi Arabia | Usage of renewable technology and robotics, crowd control | SEnv, SL |
Masdar City, UAE | Smart living and office spaces, clean-tech innovation clusters, use of renewable energy and low carbon buildings, and digital platforms | SEnv, SM, SL, SEcon, SP |
Moscow, Russia | Intelligent transport systems, cloud platforms | SM, SL |
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil | Citizen participation and transparency, crime mapping systems, | SG, SL |
São Paulo, Brazil | MOBLAB+ space, an open innovation laboratory for the development of solutions, innovation in mobility | SEcon, SM |
Medellin, Colombia | Citizen participation in allocating city budgets, financing for innovation | SG, SEcon |
Santiago, Chile | Smart meters, entrepreneurship, smart mobility and traffic management, and applications in healthcare | SEnv, SM, SEcon, SL |
Villa Gesell, Argentina | ‘Citizen centric’ portals where citizens are at the center of decision making | SG |
Guatemala, Central America | ‘Citizen centric’ portals where citizens are at the center of decision making | SG |
Quito, Ecuador | Services to assist and support entrepreneurship | SEcon |
San Miguel de Ibarra, Ecuador | Pre-incubation, incubation, and acceleration programs with enterprises | SEcon |
Tequila, Mexico | Services to assist and support entrepreneurship | SEcon |
Carthage, Tunisia | Portal on budget distributions containing data in an open format, allowing the visualization and distribution of data | SG |
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Search Terms | Population | Intervention | Outcome |
Urban city system | Data-driven smart applications | Practices | |
Urban system | Smart | Issues | |
Urban planning | Smart initiatives | Functionality | |
Cities |
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Kaluarachchi, Y. Implementing Data-Driven Smart City Applications for Future Cities. Smart Cities 2022, 5, 455-474. https://doi.org/10.3390/smartcities5020025
Kaluarachchi Y. Implementing Data-Driven Smart City Applications for Future Cities. Smart Cities. 2022; 5(2):455-474. https://doi.org/10.3390/smartcities5020025
Chicago/Turabian StyleKaluarachchi, Yamuna. 2022. "Implementing Data-Driven Smart City Applications for Future Cities" Smart Cities 5, no. 2: 455-474. https://doi.org/10.3390/smartcities5020025
APA StyleKaluarachchi, Y. (2022). Implementing Data-Driven Smart City Applications for Future Cities. Smart Cities, 5(2), 455-474. https://doi.org/10.3390/smartcities5020025