Social Jet-Lag in Tertiary Students Following a Modern Curriculum with Few Time-Tabled Contact Hours: A Pilot Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Demographics
2.2. Sleep Diary Data
2.2.1. Sleep Duration
2.2.2. Midpoint Sleep
2.2.3. Social Jet-Lag
2.2.4. Daytime Napping
2.3. PSQI
2.4. ESS
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Participants & Procedure
4.2. Sleep Diary & Questionnaires
4.3. Data Analysis
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
ANOVA | Analysis Of VAriance |
ESS | Epworth Sleepiness Scale |
h | hour |
PBL | Problem-Based Learning |
PSQI | Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index |
SEM | Standard Error of the Mean |
SJL | Social Jet-Lag |
TST | Total Sleep Time |
References
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Analysis Group | Nighttime Sleep in h (SEM) | Statistics | |
---|---|---|---|
Weekdays | Weekend | ||
Larks | 8.0 (0.1) | 8.5 (0.1) | |
Owls | 7.7 (0.2) | 8.2 (0.3) | |
Week vs. Wknd: F(1,31) = 4.5; p = 0.043 Lark vs. Owl: F(1,31) = 0.85; p = 0.36 Interaction: F(1,31) = 0.003; p = 0.96 | |||
Self-reported morning types | 7.9 (0.3) | 8.4 (0.4) | |
Self-reported evening types | 7.9 (0.2) | 8.1 (0.2) | |
Week vs. Wknd: F(1,50) = 4.2; p = 0.045 Lark vs. Owl: F(1,50) = 0.85; p = 0.36 Interaction: F(1,50) = 0.11; p = 0.74 | |||
25% extreme early sleepers | 7.6 (0.3) | 7.5 (0.2) | |
25% extreme late sleepers | 7.3 (0.2) | 8.1 (0.4) | |
Week vs. Wknd: F(1,24) = 1.9; p = 0.19 Lark vs. Owl: F(1,24) = 0.19; p = 0.67 Interaction: F(1,24) = 3.9; p = 0.059 |
Analysis Group | Midpoint Sleep; Clock Time (SEM in h) | Statistics | |
---|---|---|---|
Weekdays | Weekend | ||
Larks | 3:21 (0:05) | 3:41 (0:06) | |
Owls | 5:14 (0:11) | 5:50 (0:07) | |
Week vs. Wknd: F(1,31) = 10.8; p = 0.003 Lark vs. Owl: (F(1,31) = 55.6; p < 0.001 Interaction: F(1,31) = 1.5; p = 0.22 | |||
Self-reported morning types | 3:26 (0:14) | 4:01 (0.19) | |
Self-reported evening types | 4:54 (0:08) | 5:14 (0:09) | |
Week vs. Wknd: F(1,50) = 7.4; p = 0.009 Lark vs. Owl: F(1,50) = 33.3; p < 0.001 Interaction: F(1,50) = 0.52; p = 0.47 | |||
25% extreme early sleepers | 3:52 (0:22) | 3:30 (0:16) | |
25% extreme late sleepers | 5:09 (0:16) | 6:14 (0:06) | |
Week vs. Wknd: F(1,24) = 2.67; p = 0.12 Lark vs. Owl: F(1,24) = 11.1; p = 0.003 Interaction: F(1,24) = 42.8; p < 0.001 |
Analysis Group | Social Jet-Lag in h (SEM) | Statistics |
---|---|---|
Larks | 0:41 (0:03) | T = −1.4; p = 0.16 |
Owls | 1:00 (0:08) | |
Self-reported morning types | 0:52 (0:12) | T = −0.20; p = 0.85 |
Self-reported evening types | 0:54 (0:07) | |
25% extreme early sleepers | 0:52 (0:15) | T = −1.13; p = 0.33 |
25% extreme late sleepers | 1:15 (0:12) |
Analysis Group | PSQI (SEM) | Statistics |
---|---|---|
Larks | 4.6 (0.7) | U = 137; p = 0.56 |
Owls | 5.1 (0.5) | |
Self-reported morning types | 9.3 (1.1) | U = 314; p = 0.24 |
Self-reported evening types | 7.5 (0.6) | |
25% extreme early sleepers | 4.7 (0.6) | U = 91; p = 0.50 |
25% extreme late sleepers | 5.0 (0.5) |
Analysis Group | ESS (SEM) | Statistics |
---|---|---|
Larks | 10.7 (1.0) | U = 52; p = 0.007 |
Owls | 7.0 (0.7) | |
Self-reported morning types | 4.1 (0.7) | U = 183; p = 0.11 |
Self-reported evening types | 4.9 (0.3) | |
25% extreme early sleepers | 10.0 (1.1) | U = 39; p = 0.03 |
25% extreme late sleepers | 6.5 (1.1) |
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Leenaars, C.H.C.; Lucassen, M.F.G.; Borger, N.; Houben, E.; Kalsbeek, A. Social Jet-Lag in Tertiary Students Following a Modern Curriculum with Few Time-Tabled Contact Hours: A Pilot Study. Clocks & Sleep 2019, 1, 306-318. https://doi.org/10.3390/clockssleep1030026
Leenaars CHC, Lucassen MFG, Borger N, Houben E, Kalsbeek A. Social Jet-Lag in Tertiary Students Following a Modern Curriculum with Few Time-Tabled Contact Hours: A Pilot Study. Clocks & Sleep. 2019; 1(3):306-318. https://doi.org/10.3390/clockssleep1030026
Chicago/Turabian StyleLeenaars, Cathalijn H. C., Mathijs F. G. Lucassen, Nedim Borger, Ellen Houben, and Andries Kalsbeek. 2019. "Social Jet-Lag in Tertiary Students Following a Modern Curriculum with Few Time-Tabled Contact Hours: A Pilot Study" Clocks & Sleep 1, no. 3: 306-318. https://doi.org/10.3390/clockssleep1030026