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Volume 8
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Thermal Modulation of Photonic Spin Hall Effect in Vortex Beam Based on MIM-VO2 Metasurface

by
Li Luo
1,2,
Jiahui Huo
1,2,
Yuanyuan Lv
1,2,*,
Jie Li
1,2,
Yu He
1,2,
Xiao Liang
1,2,
Sui Peng
3,
Bo Liu
3,
Ling Zhou
1,2,
Yuxin Zou
1,2,
Yuting Wang
1,2,
Jingjing Bian
1,2 and
Yuting Yang
1,2
1
Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Sensor Devices and Systems, College of Optoelectronic Engineering (Chengdu IC Valley Industrial College), Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, China
2
Sichuan Meteorological Optoelectronic Sensor Technology and Application Engineering Research Center, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, China
3
Chengdu Advanced Metal Materials Industry Technology Research Institute Limited Company, Chengdu 610300, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Surfaces 2025, 8(3), 55; https://doi.org/10.3390/surfaces8030055 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 22 June 2025 / Revised: 25 July 2025 / Accepted: 30 July 2025 / Published: 3 August 2025
Versions Notes

Abstract

The photon spin Hall effect (PSHE) arises from the spin–orbit interaction of light. Metasurfaces enable precise control over the PSHE through their influence. Using electromagnetic simulations as its foundation, this work engineers a metal–insulator–metal (MIM) metasurface for generating vortex beams in the near-infrared band, targeting enhanced modulation of the PSHE. Electromagnetic simulations embed vanadium dioxide (VO2)—a thermally responsive phase-change material—within the MIM metasurface architecture. Numerical evidence confirms that harnessing VO2’s insulator–metal-transition-mediated optical switching dynamically tailors spin-dependent splitting in the illuminated MIM-VO2 hybrid, thereby achieving a significant amplification of the PSHE displacement. Electromagnetic simulations determine the reflection coefficients for both VO2 phase states in the MIM-VO2 structure. Computed spin displacements under vortex beam incidence reveal that VO2’s phase transition couples to the MIM’s top metal and dielectric layers, modifying reflection coefficients and producing phase-dependent PSHE displacements. The simulation results show that the displacement change of the PSHE before and after the phase transition of VO2 reaches 954.7 µm, achieving a significant improvement compared with the traditional layered structure. The dynamic modulation mechanism of the PSHE based on the thermal–optical effect has been successfully verified.
Keywords: metal–insulator–metal; metasurface; photonic spin Hall effect; vortex beam; thermo-photonic metal–insulator–metal; metasurface; photonic spin Hall effect; vortex beam; thermo-photonic

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Luo, L.; Huo, J.; Lv, Y.; Li, J.; He, Y.; Liang, X.; Peng, S.; Liu, B.; Zhou, L.; Zou, Y.; et al. Thermal Modulation of Photonic Spin Hall Effect in Vortex Beam Based on MIM-VO2 Metasurface. Surfaces 2025, 8, 55. https://doi.org/10.3390/surfaces8030055

AMA Style

Luo L, Huo J, Lv Y, Li J, He Y, Liang X, Peng S, Liu B, Zhou L, Zou Y, et al. Thermal Modulation of Photonic Spin Hall Effect in Vortex Beam Based on MIM-VO2 Metasurface. Surfaces. 2025; 8(3):55. https://doi.org/10.3390/surfaces8030055

Chicago/Turabian Style

Luo, Li, Jiahui Huo, Yuanyuan Lv, Jie Li, Yu He, Xiao Liang, Sui Peng, Bo Liu, Ling Zhou, Yuxin Zou, and et al. 2025. "Thermal Modulation of Photonic Spin Hall Effect in Vortex Beam Based on MIM-VO2 Metasurface" Surfaces 8, no. 3: 55. https://doi.org/10.3390/surfaces8030055

APA Style

Luo, L., Huo, J., Lv, Y., Li, J., He, Y., Liang, X., Peng, S., Liu, B., Zhou, L., Zou, Y., Wang, Y., Bian, J., & Yang, Y. (2025). Thermal Modulation of Photonic Spin Hall Effect in Vortex Beam Based on MIM-VO2 Metasurface. Surfaces, 8(3), 55. https://doi.org/10.3390/surfaces8030055

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