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Article

Understanding the Effects of Post-Deposition Sequential Annealing on the Physical and Chemical Properties of Cu2ZnSnSe4 Thin Films

by
Diana-Stefania Catana
1,
Mohamed Yassine Zaki
2,
Iosif-Daniel Simandan
2,
Angel-Theodor Buruiana
2,
Florinel Sava
2 and
Alin Velea
2,*
1
Faculty of Physics, University of Bucharest, Atomistilor 405, 077125 Magurele, Romania
2
National Institute of Materials Physics, Atomistilor 405A, 077125 Magurele, Romania
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Surfaces 2023, 6(4), 466-479; https://doi.org/10.3390/surfaces6040031
Submission received: 30 September 2023 / Revised: 6 November 2023 / Accepted: 10 November 2023 / Published: 19 November 2023
(This article belongs to the Collection Featured Articles for Surfaces)
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Abstract

Cu2ZnSnSe4 thin films have been synthesized by employing two magnetron-sputtering depositions, interlaced with two sequential post-deposition heat treatments in low vacuum, Sn+Se and Se–rich atmospheres at 550 °C. By employing successive structural analysis methods, namely Grazing Incidence X–Ray Diffraction (GIXRD) and Raman Spectroscopy, secondary phases such as ZnSe coexisting with the main kesterite phase have been identified. SEM peered into the surface morphology of the samples, detecting structural defects and grain profiles, while EDS experiments showed off–stoichiometric elemental composition. The optical bandgaps in our samples were calculated by a widely used extrapolation method from recorded transmission spectra, holding values from 1.42 to 2.01 eV. Understanding the processes behind the appearance of secondary phases and occurring structural defects accompanied by finding ways to mitigate their impact on the solar cells’ properties is the prime goal of the research beforehand.
Keywords: CZTSe; thin films; chalcogenides; secondary phases; absorber layer CZTSe; thin films; chalcogenides; secondary phases; absorber layer

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MDPI and ACS Style

Catana, D.-S.; Zaki, M.Y.; Simandan, I.-D.; Buruiana, A.-T.; Sava, F.; Velea, A. Understanding the Effects of Post-Deposition Sequential Annealing on the Physical and Chemical Properties of Cu2ZnSnSe4 Thin Films. Surfaces 2023, 6, 466-479. https://doi.org/10.3390/surfaces6040031

AMA Style

Catana D-S, Zaki MY, Simandan I-D, Buruiana A-T, Sava F, Velea A. Understanding the Effects of Post-Deposition Sequential Annealing on the Physical and Chemical Properties of Cu2ZnSnSe4 Thin Films. Surfaces. 2023; 6(4):466-479. https://doi.org/10.3390/surfaces6040031

Chicago/Turabian Style

Catana, Diana-Stefania, Mohamed Yassine Zaki, Iosif-Daniel Simandan, Angel-Theodor Buruiana, Florinel Sava, and Alin Velea. 2023. "Understanding the Effects of Post-Deposition Sequential Annealing on the Physical and Chemical Properties of Cu2ZnSnSe4 Thin Films" Surfaces 6, no. 4: 466-479. https://doi.org/10.3390/surfaces6040031

APA Style

Catana, D.-S., Zaki, M. Y., Simandan, I.-D., Buruiana, A.-T., Sava, F., & Velea, A. (2023). Understanding the Effects of Post-Deposition Sequential Annealing on the Physical and Chemical Properties of Cu2ZnSnSe4 Thin Films. Surfaces, 6(4), 466-479. https://doi.org/10.3390/surfaces6040031

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