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Volume 9
Issue 2
10.3390/ceramics9020028
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Article

The Effect of Combined Sandblasting and Piranha Solution Treatment on Resin Cement Bond Strength to Zirconia: An In Vitro Study

by
Apichai Maneenacarith
1,
Tool Sriamporn
2,*,
Niyom Thamrongananskul
3,
Nantawan Krajangta
1,
Thanasak Rakmanee
1 and
Awiruth Klaisiri
1,*
1
Division of Restorative and Esthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
2
Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dental Medicine, Rangsit University, Pathum Thani 12000, Thailand
3
Faculty of Dentistry, Burapha University, Chon Buri 20130, Thailand
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Ceramics 2026, 9(2), 28; https://doi.org/10.3390/ceramics9020028
Submission received: 6 January 2026 / Revised: 13 February 2026 / Accepted: 17 February 2026 / Published: 19 February 2026
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Abstract

This in vitro study investigated whether piranha solution treatment, applied alone or following sandblasting, enhances the shear bond strength of resin cement to zirconia. Fifty zirconia specimens were assigned to five groups: no treatment, sandblasting (SB), piranha solution (Pi), sandblasting followed by piranha solution treatment (SB + Pi), and double piranha treatment (Pi + Pi). Shear bond strength was measured after 24 h water storage, and failure modes were recorded. The SB + Pi group produced significantly higher bond strength than all other groups. Single treatments (SB, Pi, and Pi + Pi) yielded statistically comparable values, all exceeding the untreated control. Notably, double piranha application offered no benefit over a single application. These findings are preliminary and limited to short-term in vitro conditions; the piranha protocol is not feasible for direct clinical use due to safety constraints, and no aging or surface characterization data were obtained.
Keywords: acid; airborne abrasion; bond strength; restoration; surface modification acid; airborne abrasion; bond strength; restoration; surface modification

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MDPI and ACS Style

Maneenacarith, A.; Sriamporn, T.; Thamrongananskul, N.; Krajangta, N.; Rakmanee, T.; Klaisiri, A. The Effect of Combined Sandblasting and Piranha Solution Treatment on Resin Cement Bond Strength to Zirconia: An In Vitro Study. Ceramics 2026, 9, 28. https://doi.org/10.3390/ceramics9020028

AMA Style

Maneenacarith A, Sriamporn T, Thamrongananskul N, Krajangta N, Rakmanee T, Klaisiri A. The Effect of Combined Sandblasting and Piranha Solution Treatment on Resin Cement Bond Strength to Zirconia: An In Vitro Study. Ceramics. 2026; 9(2):28. https://doi.org/10.3390/ceramics9020028

Chicago/Turabian Style

Maneenacarith, Apichai, Tool Sriamporn, Niyom Thamrongananskul, Nantawan Krajangta, Thanasak Rakmanee, and Awiruth Klaisiri. 2026. "The Effect of Combined Sandblasting and Piranha Solution Treatment on Resin Cement Bond Strength to Zirconia: An In Vitro Study" Ceramics 9, no. 2: 28. https://doi.org/10.3390/ceramics9020028

APA Style

Maneenacarith, A., Sriamporn, T., Thamrongananskul, N., Krajangta, N., Rakmanee, T., & Klaisiri, A. (2026). The Effect of Combined Sandblasting and Piranha Solution Treatment on Resin Cement Bond Strength to Zirconia: An In Vitro Study. Ceramics, 9(2), 28. https://doi.org/10.3390/ceramics9020028

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