Additive Manufacturing of Lightweight Gypsum and Expanded Polystyrene Granulate Composite
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Mixture Compositions
2.3. Evaluation of Material’s Suitability for 3D Printing
2.4. Mixing and 3D Printing
2.5. Sample Preparation
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Fresh State Properties
3.2. Mechanical Properties
3.3. Three-Dimensional Printing Buildability and Quality
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Mix | EPS | Baugips | Tap Water | Set Retarder | W/G |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ref-1 | 10 | 600 | 360 | - | 0.60 |
Ref-2 | 10 | 600 | 300 | - | 0.50 |
GR-1 | 10 | 600 | 300 | 0.1% (0.6 g) | 0.50 |
GR-2 | 10 | 600 | 300 | 0.2% (1.2 g) | 0.50 |
GR-4 | 10 | 600 | 300 | 0.4% (2.4 g) | 0.50 |
Mix | Time Recorded, min | Obtained Shape | Obtained Shape after 15 Jolts | Spread Diameter, mm |
---|---|---|---|---|
Ref-1 | 5 | 190 | ||
Ref-2 | 5 | 160 | ||
GR-1 | 25 | 168 | ||
GR-2 | 55 | 150 | ||
GR-4 | 55 | 170 |
Mix | EPS | Baugips | H2O | Setting Retarder | W/G | RH, % | Temperature, °C | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
GR-2 | 10 | 600 | 300 | 1.2 | 0.50 | 40 | 22 | 1 L mixed |
GR-2b | 10 | 600 | 258 | 1.2 | 0.43 | 60 | 22 | 12 L mixed |
GR-2c | 10 | 600 | 308 | 1.2 | 0.51 | 50 | 22 | 18 L mixed |
Property | Time, min | Obtained Shape and Spread Diameter, mm |
---|---|---|
After lifting the cone | 0 | |
After 15 jolts | 14 | |
After 25 jolts | 38 | |
Flow | 14 | 140 × 140 |
38 | 140 × 135 | |
Initial setting time | - | 50 min |
Fresh density | - | 950 kg/m3 |
Density | Flexural Strength | Compressive Strength | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
GR-2b W/G = 0.43 | GR-2c W/G = 0.51 | GR-2b W/G = 0.43 | GR-2c W/G = 0.51 | GR-2b W/G = 0.43 | GR-2c W/G = 0.51 | |
Cast | 741 | 638 | 1037 | 1104 | 2241 | 1405 |
3DP [v.u]/[w] | 643 | 724 | 543 | 1175 | 1452 | 1365 |
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Bumanis, G.; Sapata, A.; Sinka, M.; Spurina, E.; Bajare, D. Additive Manufacturing of Lightweight Gypsum and Expanded Polystyrene Granulate Composite. J. Compos. Sci. 2023, 7, 425. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs7100425
Bumanis G, Sapata A, Sinka M, Spurina E, Bajare D. Additive Manufacturing of Lightweight Gypsum and Expanded Polystyrene Granulate Composite. Journal of Composites Science. 2023; 7(10):425. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs7100425
Chicago/Turabian StyleBumanis, Girts, Alise Sapata, Maris Sinka, Ella Spurina, and Diana Bajare. 2023. "Additive Manufacturing of Lightweight Gypsum and Expanded Polystyrene Granulate Composite" Journal of Composites Science 7, no. 10: 425. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs7100425