On the Machining Temperature and Hole Quality of CFRP Laminates When Using Diamond-Coated Special Drills
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental Procedures
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Characterization of Drilling Temperatures
3.2. Hole Wall Morphologies
3.3. Hole Diameter
4. Conclusions
- Development of the drilling temperature can be roughly divided into three stages in terms of the tool–work interaction. In general, the maximum temperature values can be attained when the drill edges are fully engaged into the composite workpiece. The progression of the composite drilling temperature basically shows a high sensitivity to the input process parameters. In most cases, both the cutting speed and the feed rate exhibit a positive impact on the temperature rise for all of the drills examined.
- The candlestick drills are found to produce lower magnitudes of drilling temperatures than the step ones. To suppress the temperature progression, low cutting speeds and low feed rates are recommended for the drilling of CFRP composites.
- The cut CFRP hole morphologies are characterized by finely-cut fiber surfaces along with a certain degree of surface cavities due to the loss of matrix. The step drill produces better hole wall morphologies and lower surface roughness values than the candlestick drill due to the reaming effects of its secondary step edges. The main surface defects residing within the cut composite holes include surface cavities, resin smearing, and fiber pullout voids.
- A wedge-shaped cylindrical surface is noted for the cut composite hole wall due to the intensified tool vibration arising from the decreased stiffness of the last fiber plies with the tool advancement. Both the process parameters significantly affect the variations of the hole diameters, irrespective of the measuring side. In general, the highest speed and moderate feed are suggested for the candlestick drills, while the moderate speed and lower feed are recommended for the step drills to create more consistent holes close to the nominal diameter.
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Reinforcement | Matrix Base | Fiber Volume Fraction | Fiber Bundles |
---|---|---|---|
T700 carbon fibers | FRD-YZR-03 epoxy | 60% | 7 µm, 12 K |
Tensile Modulus | Tensile Strength | Poisson’s Ratio, ν | Flexural Modulus | Flexural Strength | Shear Strength | Glass Transition Temperature |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
240 GPa | 4900 MPa | 0.30 | 210 GPa | 1500 MPa | 125 MPa | 125~135 °C |
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Xu, J.; Lin, T.; Davim, J.P. On the Machining Temperature and Hole Quality of CFRP Laminates When Using Diamond-Coated Special Drills. J. Compos. Sci. 2022, 6, 45. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs6020045
Xu J, Lin T, Davim JP. On the Machining Temperature and Hole Quality of CFRP Laminates When Using Diamond-Coated Special Drills. Journal of Composites Science. 2022; 6(2):45. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs6020045
Chicago/Turabian StyleXu, Jinyang, Tieyu Lin, and Joao Paulo Davim. 2022. "On the Machining Temperature and Hole Quality of CFRP Laminates When Using Diamond-Coated Special Drills" Journal of Composites Science 6, no. 2: 45. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs6020045