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J. Compos. Sci.
Volume 10
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10.3390/jcs10090477
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Structure–Property–Durability Relationships in Grape-Derived Pectin/Kraft Lignin Films Before and After Accelerated UV Aging

by
Amanda Marcely Reis
1,
Camila Monteiro Cholant
2,*,
Lincoln Audrew Cordeiro
2,
Patricia Oliveira Schmitt
2,
Everton Granemann Souza
3,*,
Chiara das Dores do Nascimento
2,4,
Ivandra Ignês de Santi
2,
Darci Alberto Gatto
2,
Alexandre Ferreira Galio
5,
Caio Gomide Otoni
6 and
André Luiz Missio
2,*
1
Undergraduate Program in Materials Engineering, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas 96010-610, RS, Brazil
2
Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering (PPGCEM), Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas 96010-610, RS, Brazil
3
Graduate Program in Electronic and Computer Engineering (MEEC), Catholic University of Pelotas (UCPel), Pelotas 96015-560, RS, Brazil
4
Graduate Program in Sciences and Technologies in Education (PPGCITED), Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Rio Grande do Sul (IFSul), Pelotas 96060-290, RS, Brazil
5
Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering (PPCEM), Federal University of Pampa (UNIPAMPA), Bagé 96413-172, RS, Brazil
6
Graduate Program in Chemistry, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-862, SP, Brazil
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Compos. Sci. 2026, 10(9), 477; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs10090477
Submission received: 4 August 2026 / Revised: 29 August 2026 / Accepted: 3 September 2026 / Published: 4 September 2026
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polymer Composites: Technology and Sustainability)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Pectin films are promising renewable materials for biodegradable coatings; however, their high hydrophilicity and limited resistance to ultraviolet (UV) radiation restrict practical applications. This work investigated the influence of kraft lignin (0–5 wt%) on the structure–property relationships of grape-derived pectin films before and after accelerated UV exposure. Structural organization (XRD and FTIR), photostability (CIELAB colorimetry and CIE chromaticity), wettability, water-vapor absorption, surface morphology, soil-burial disintegration, and integrated multifunctional performance were evaluated. Lignin improved resistance to UV-induced structural changes, reducing the relative loss of apparent crystallinity from 52.76% for neat pectin to less than 7% for films containing at least 0.1 wt% lignin, while substantially decreasing UV-induced color changes. Increasing lignin content also reduced surface wettability, water-vapor uptake, and soil-burial mass loss; nevertheless, all formulations exhibited more than 50% mass loss after 120 h of soil burial. Exploratory CRITIC–TOPSIS analysis identified Pec/Lig1 as the highest-performing formulation, whereas Pec/Lig0.1 provided the most compositionally efficient balance among photostability, moisture resistance, structural stability, soil-burial disintegration, and lignin consumption. These findings demonstrate that lignin governs the trade-offs among structural stability, photostability, moisture resistance, soil-burial disintegration, and additive consumption, establishing composition–structure–property–durability relationships that provide practical design guidance for candidate functional coatings for cellulose- and paper-based substrates.
Keywords: lignin valorization; pectin films; accelerated UV aging; agro-industrial residues; soil-burial disintegration lignin valorization; pectin films; accelerated UV aging; agro-industrial residues; soil-burial disintegration

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MDPI and ACS Style

Reis, A.M.; Cholant, C.M.; Cordeiro, L.A.; Schmitt, P.O.; Souza, E.G.; do Nascimento, C.d.D.; Santi, I.I.d.; Gatto, D.A.; Galio, A.F.; Otoni, C.G.; et al. Structure–Property–Durability Relationships in Grape-Derived Pectin/Kraft Lignin Films Before and After Accelerated UV Aging. J. Compos. Sci. 2026, 10, 477. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs10090477

AMA Style

Reis AM, Cholant CM, Cordeiro LA, Schmitt PO, Souza EG, do Nascimento CdD, Santi IId, Gatto DA, Galio AF, Otoni CG, et al. Structure–Property–Durability Relationships in Grape-Derived Pectin/Kraft Lignin Films Before and After Accelerated UV Aging. Journal of Composites Science. 2026; 10(9):477. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs10090477

Chicago/Turabian Style

Reis, Amanda Marcely, Camila Monteiro Cholant, Lincoln Audrew Cordeiro, Patricia Oliveira Schmitt, Everton Granemann Souza, Chiara das Dores do Nascimento, Ivandra Ignês de Santi, Darci Alberto Gatto, Alexandre Ferreira Galio, Caio Gomide Otoni, and et al. 2026. "Structure–Property–Durability Relationships in Grape-Derived Pectin/Kraft Lignin Films Before and After Accelerated UV Aging" Journal of Composites Science 10, no. 9: 477. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs10090477

APA Style

Reis, A. M., Cholant, C. M., Cordeiro, L. A., Schmitt, P. O., Souza, E. G., do Nascimento, C. d. D., Santi, I. I. d., Gatto, D. A., Galio, A. F., Otoni, C. G., & Missio, A. L. (2026). Structure–Property–Durability Relationships in Grape-Derived Pectin/Kraft Lignin Films Before and After Accelerated UV Aging. Journal of Composites Science, 10(9), 477. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs10090477

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