This study introduces an advanced approach in the development of hydrogels, utilizing Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) and Polyethylene Glycol (PEG), integrated with eco-friendly synthesized silver nanoparticles. The synthesis of these nanoparticles was achieved using silver nitrate and yellow tea extract, a naturally reducing agent, ensuring an environmentally conscious production process. The incorporation of these silver nanoparticles into the PVA/PEG hydrogel matrix led to the creation of hydrogels with superior antibacterial properties. These enhanced properties render the hydrogels highly effective for various biomedical applications, including wound dressings and drug delivery systems. Notably, the addition of yellow tea extract not only underscores the commitment to eco-friendly synthesis but also potentially augments the bioactive characteristics of the hydrogels. This pioneering method aligns with green chemistry principles, signifying a notable advancement in sustainable hydrogel technology. The hydrogels’ unique composition and characteristics open up a broad spectrum of possibilities in the biomedical field. This study not only demonstrates the practical applicability of these hydrogels in medical settings but also emphasizes the importance of sustainable practices in scientific research and material development.
The main objective of the analyses conducted was to understand the release of silver nanoparticles from the hydrogel material under different conditions, such as static and dynamic environments, and to determine the kinetics of this process. Spectrophotometric and microscopic analysis techniques were used in this research. The amounts of released nanoparticles and observations of morphological changes in the hydrogel structure were monitored. An analysis of the release kinetics provided a better understanding of the rate and manner in which nanoparticles leave the hydrogel structure under different conditions, which is essential for the optimal design of products based on these materials. This research formed an important experimental part of the work, contributing to the necessary knowledge needed for further development and practical use of silver nanoparticle hydrogel.
Author Contributions
Conceptualization, M.B. and B.T.; methodology, M.B., B.T., M.K. and K.S.; software, M.B., B.T., M.K., H.P. and J.S.; validation, M.B., B.T. and M.K.; formal analysis, M.B., K.S. and B.T.; investigation, M.B., K.S., H.P. and J.S.; resources, M.K. and B.T.; data curation, M.B. and B.T.; writing—original draft preparation, M.B., B.T. and M.K.; writing—review and editing, M.B. and B.T.; visualization, M.B., H.P., J.S. and K.S.; supervision, B.T.; project administration, B.T., M.K. and M.B.; funding acquisition, M.K. and B.T. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.
Funding
The research work was funded at 3rd edition of the program “Student research clubs create innovation” through the project titled, “Transdermal systems in targeted therapy of skin cancer” financed by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education (grant no: SKN 157/568410/2023).
Institutional Review Board Statement
Not applicable.
Informed Consent Statement
Not applicable.
Data Availability Statement
The data that support the findings of this study are contained within the article.
Acknowledgments
The research work was carried out within the SMART-MAT Functional Materials Science Club (section Smart-Mat) at the Faculty of Materials Engineering and Physics of the Cracow University of Technology.
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
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