Trend of Human Schistosomiasis Japonica Prevalence in China from 1990 to 2019
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. Study Population
2.3. Data Source
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Prevalence of Schistosomiasis in 2019
3.2. Trends in Prevalence of Schistosomiasis
3.3. Correlation between ASR and Socioeconomic, Sanitation Parameters
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristics | ASR (95% UI), 1990 | ASR (95% UI), 2019 | Change Value, 1990–2019 | Change Percentage, 1990–2019 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | 1349.55 (1146.35–1903.31) | 707.09 (621.43–929.13) | 642.46 (524.92–974.18) | 47.61 (45.79–51.18) | |
Sex | male | 1358.67 (1150.60–1919.85) | 782.99 (685.74–1031.48) | 575.68 (464.87–888.37) | 42.37 (40.40–46.27) |
female | 1338.43 (1142.10–1893.13) | 628.37 (555.40–808.37) | 710.07 (586.71–1084.76) | 53.05 (51.37–57.30) | |
Age | <5 | 97.30 (42.84–195.48) | 75.19 (50.47–109.37) | 22.11 (−7.63–86.11) | 22.72 (−17.80–44.05) |
5–9 | 743.28 (470.16–1177.23) | 461.00 (330.97–620.99) | 282.29 (139.19–556.24) | 37.98 (29.60–47.25) | |
10–14 | 1381.90 (898.55–2049.57) | 793.04 (582.94–1062.67) | 588.86 (315.60–986.90) | 42.61 (35.12–48.15) | |
15–19 | 1594.78 (1060.00–2312.52) | 813.74 (616.87–1113.20) | 781.04 (443.13–1199.31) | 48.97 (41.80–51.86) | |
20–24 | 1940.93 (1395.68–2835.54) | 790.77 (600.24–1063.67) | 1150.16 (795.44–1771.87) | 59.26 (56.99–62.49) | |
25–29 | 1824.70 (1402.95–2591.64) | 907.46 (708.06–1187.07) | 917.24 (694.89–1404.57) | 50.27 (49.53–54.20) | |
30–34 | 1727.47 (1287.28–2426.92) | 839.54 (656.00–1114.66) | 887.94 (631.28–1312.26) | 51.40 (49.04–54.07) | |
35–39 | 1719.96 (1395.59–2428.44) | 788.68 (637.94–1050.40) | 931.28 (757.65–1378.03) | 54.15 (54.29–56.75) | |
40–44 | 1719.72 (1349.48–2498.32) | 829.23 (656.49–1103.03) | 890.49 (692.99–1395.29) | 51.78 (51.35–55.85) | |
45–49 | 1698.29 (1389.96–2385.33) | 895.87 (744.42–1168.40) | 802.42 (645.54–1216.93) | 47.25 (46.44–51.02) | |
50–54 | 1524.51 (1260.89–2118.96) | 904.08 (762.07–1170.62) | 620.42 (498.82–948.35) | 40.70 (39.56–44.76) | |
55–59 | 1411.01 (1096.41–1944.08) | 865.09 (702.68–1140.23) | 545.92 (393.73–803.85) | 38.69 (35.91–41.35) | |
60–64 | 1323.04 (1000.82–1819.36) | 801.92 (634.73–1048.41) | 521.12 (366.09–770.95) | 39.39 (36.58–42.37) | |
65–69 | 1220.82 (980.84–1731.00) | 759.47 (631.25–986.80) | 461.35 (349.60–744.20) | 37.79 (35.64–42.99) | |
70+ | 969.16 (770.83–1382.70) | 612.94 (512.32–807.15) | 356.22 (258.51–575.55) | 36.76 (33.54–41.62) |
Characteristics | Trend 1 | Trend 2 | Trend 3 | Trend 4 | Trend 5 | Trend 6 | Full Range | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Years | APC | Years | APC | Years | APC | Years | APC | Years | APC | Years | APC | AAPC | ||
Total | 1990–1994 | −2.99 * | 1994–2000 | −3.50 * | 2000–2004 | −2.14 * | 2004–2010 | −2.59 * | 2010–2019 | −0.73 * | −2.20 * | |||
Sex | male | 1990–1995 | −2.35 * | 1995–1999 | −2.99 * | 1999–2005 | −2.30 * | 2005–2010 | −2.92 * | 2010–2014 | 0.20 * | 2014–2019 | −0.63 * | −1.89 * |
female | 1990–1994 | −3.75 * | 1994–2000 | −4.29 * | 2000–2010 | −2.13 * | 2010–2014 | −1.88 * | 2014–2019 | −0.96 * | −2.57 * | |||
Age | <5 | 1990–1995 | −1.58 * | 1995–2000 | 2.83 * | 2000–2005 | 0.17 | 2005–2010 | −2.04 * | 2010–2015 | −5.12 * | 2015–2019 | 1.11 * | −0.87 * |
5–9 | 1990–1993 | −2.84 * | 1993–1998 | −0.96 * | 1998–2005 | −1.37 * | 2005–2009 | −2.70 * | 2009–2015 | −2.12 * | 2015–2019 | −0.08 | −1.62 * | |
10–14 | 1990–1996 | −4.00 * | 1996–1999 | −5.14 * | 1999–2005 | −1.16 * | 2005–2010 | −2.16 * | 2010–2015 | 1.08 * | 2015–2019 | −0.46 * | −1.87 * | |
15–19 | 1990–1994 | −4.57 * | 1994–2000 | −7.10 * | 2000–2009 | 0.54 * | 2009–2014 | −1.78 * | 2014–2019 | −0.25 | −2.33 * | |||
20–24 | 1990–1995 | −3.34 * | 1995–2000 | −6.00 * | 2000–2003 | −3.37 * | 2003–2009 | −2.57 * | 2009–2015 | −0.92 * | 2015–2019 | −2.78 * | −3.08 * | |
25–29 | 1990–1995 | −0.99 * | 1995–2003 | −4.25 * | 2003–2010 | −6.64 * | 2010–2015 | 3.50 * | 2015–2019 | 0.02 | −2.40 * | |||
30–34 | 1990–1992 | −4.78 * | 1992–1998 | −0.64 * | 1998–2005 | −3.49 * | 2005–2010 | −8.73 * | 2010–2015 | 2.77 * | 2015–2019 | −0.24 | −2.43 * | |
35–39 | 1990–1996 | −4.65 * | 1996–2001 | −0.07 | 2001–2005 | −3.08 * | 2005–2010 | −6.88 * | 2010–2014 | 1.68 * | 2014–2019 | −1.90 * | −2.72 * | |
40–44 | 1990–1997 | −3.24 * | 1997–2001 | −4.82 * | 2001–2005 | −0.61 * | 2005–2010 | −4.72 * | 2010–2015 | 1.60 * | 2015–2019 | −2.71 * | −2.47 * | |
45–49 | 1990–1994 | −3.02 * | 1994–1998 | −4.33 * | 1998–2001 | −3.02 * | 2001–2007 | −3.95 * | 2007–2014 | 0.49 * | 2014–2019 | −0.88 * | −2.19 * | |
50–54 | 1990–1994 | −1.37 * | 1994–2002 | −3.78 * | 2002–2012 | −1.76 * | 2012–2017 | 0.54 * | 2017–2019 | −0.6 | −1.80 * | |||
55–59 | 1990–1996 | −2.18 * | 1996–2002 | −2.92 * | 2002–2005 | −0.81 | 2005–2011 | 0.65 * | 2011–2015 | −5.59 * | 2015–2019 | 0.64 * | −1.71 * | |
60–64 | 1990–2000 | −3.19 * | 2000–2006 | 0.44 * | 2006–2010 | 3.18 * | 2010–2014 | −5.78 * | 2014–2019 | −1.72 * | −1.70 * | |||
65–69 | 1990–2000 | −3.56 * | 2000–2004 | 0.59 | 2004–2010 | 3.15 * | 2010–2015 | −5.52 * | 2015–2019 | −1.04 * | −1.64 * | |||
70+ | 1990–1997 | −2.86 * | 1997–2002 | −0.87 * | 2002–2010 | 1.53 * | 2010–2015 | −6.76 * | 2015–2019 | 0.47 * | −1.56 * |
Time Periods | Index | ASR | |
---|---|---|---|
r | p Value | ||
1990–2019 | GDP | −0.799 ** | <0.01 |
PPMS | −0.892 ** | <0.01 | |
1990–1999 | GDP | −0.978 ** | <0.01 |
PPMS | NA | - | |
2000–2009 | GDP | −0.956 ** | <0.01 |
PPMS | −0.985 ** | <0.01 | |
2010–2019 | GDP | −0.991 ** | <0.01 |
PPMS | −0.994 ** | <0.01 |
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Li, Y.; He, T.; Xie, J.; Lv, S.; Li, Z.; Yuan, M.; Hu, F.; Lin, D. Trend of Human Schistosomiasis Japonica Prevalence in China from 1990 to 2019. Trop. Med. Infect. Dis. 2023, 8, 344. https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed8070344
Li Y, He T, Xie J, Lv S, Li Z, Yuan M, Hu F, Lin D. Trend of Human Schistosomiasis Japonica Prevalence in China from 1990 to 2019. Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease. 2023; 8(7):344. https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed8070344
Chicago/Turabian StyleLi, Yifeng, Tingting He, Jingzi Xie, Shangbiao Lv, Zongguang Li, Min Yuan, Fei Hu, and Dandan Lin. 2023. "Trend of Human Schistosomiasis Japonica Prevalence in China from 1990 to 2019" Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease 8, no. 7: 344. https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed8070344