Clinical and Laboratory Response of Domiciled Dogs with Visceral Leishmaniasis Treated with Miltefosine and Allopurinol
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Animals
2.2. Clinical Evaluation
2.3. Hematological and Biochemical Evaluation
2.4. Leishmania Species Identification
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Clinical Evaluation
3.2. Biochemical and Hematological Evaluation
3.3. Identification of Leishmania Species
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Clinical Signs | Number of Dogs Affected (%) | ||
---|---|---|---|
Prior to Treatment | 6 Months after Treatment Beginning | 12 Months after Treatment Beginning | |
Mucous membranes pallor | 9 (30) | 3 (13) | 4 (20) |
Keratoconjunctivitis | 2 (6.7) | 4 (17) | 4 (20) |
Corneal opacity | 5 (17) | 2 (9) | 3 (15) |
Blepharitis | 7 (23) | 0 | 3 (15) |
Uveitis | 3 (10) | 0 | 2 (10) |
Alopecia | 13 (43) | 4 (17) | 6 (30) |
Dermatitis | 12 (40) | 5 (22) | 7 (35) |
Hyperpigmentation | 5 (17) | 1 (4) | 2 (10) |
Depigmentation | 6 (20) | 0 | 2 (10) |
Hyperkeratosis | 15 (50) | 3 (13) | 4 (20) |
Skin peeling | 15 (50) | 2 (9) | 4 (20) |
Paw swelling | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Paraparesis | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Onychogryphosis | 21 (70) | 7 (30) | 6 (30) |
Lymphadenopathy | 21 (70) | 15 (65) | 18 (90) |
Lack of appetite | 10 (33) | 0 | 1 (5) |
Epistaxis | 1 (3) | 0 | 0 |
Vomiting | 2 (7) | 0 | 2 (10) |
Diarrhea | 6 (20) | 0 | 1 (5) |
Number of dogs evaluated | 30 | 23 | 20 |
G1 | Prior to Treatment | 6 Months after Treatment Beginning | 12 Months after Treatment Beginning | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N° of Dogs | % | N° of Dogs | % | N° of Dogs | % | |
Stage I | 0 | 0 | 2 | 16.7 | 0 | 0 |
Stage II | 5 | 33.3 | 5 | 41.7 | 0 | 0 |
Stage III | 10 | 66.7 | 5 | 41.7 | 0 | 0 |
Stage IV | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 100 |
Stage V | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
TOTAL | 15 | 100 | 12 | 100 | 10 | 100 |
G2 | Prior to Treatment | 6 Months after Treatment Beginning | 12 Months after Treatment Beginning | |||
N° of Dogs | % | N° of Dogs | % | N° of Dogs | % | |
Stage I | 1 | 7.1 | 5 | 45.5 | 4 | 40 |
Stage II | 4 | 28.6 | 4 | 36.3 | 2 | 20 |
Stage III | 9 | 64.3 | 2 | 18.2 | 2 | 20 |
Stage IV | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 20 |
Stage V | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
TOTAL | 14 | 100 | 11 | 100 | 10 | 100 |
Therapeutic Groups | Evaluation Time | ||
---|---|---|---|
Prior to Treatment * | 6 Months after Treatment Beginning * | 12 Months after Treatment Beginning * | |
G1 | 1/320 (1/160–1/320) | 1/160 (1/100–1/280) | 1/320 (1/280–1/320) |
G2 | 1/240 (1/80–1/320) | 1/80 (1/40–1/320) | 1/160 (1/80–1/320) |
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Vaz, T.P.; Quaresma, P.F.; Rêgo, F.D.; Souza, C.B.; Fontes, G.; Gontijo, C.M.F. Clinical and Laboratory Response of Domiciled Dogs with Visceral Leishmaniasis Treated with Miltefosine and Allopurinol. Trop. Med. Infect. Dis. 2023, 8, 472. https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed8100472
Vaz TP, Quaresma PF, Rêgo FD, Souza CB, Fontes G, Gontijo CMF. Clinical and Laboratory Response of Domiciled Dogs with Visceral Leishmaniasis Treated with Miltefosine and Allopurinol. Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease. 2023; 8(10):472. https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed8100472
Chicago/Turabian StyleVaz, Talita Pereira, Patrícia Flávia Quaresma, Felipe Dutra Rêgo, Camila Binder Souza, Gilberto Fontes, and Célia Maria Ferreira Gontijo. 2023. "Clinical and Laboratory Response of Domiciled Dogs with Visceral Leishmaniasis Treated with Miltefosine and Allopurinol" Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease 8, no. 10: 472. https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed8100472