Prognostic Indicators for the Early Prediction of Severe Dengue Infection: A Retrospective Study in a University Hospital in Thailand
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. Ethics
2.3. Patient Recruitment and Data Collection
2.4. Data Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Parameter: (Predictors) | Category | n | Odds Ratio (OR) * | 95% Confidence Interval | p-Value | Coefficient * | Score |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Albumin (g/dl) | ≤2.7 | 43 | 6.438 | 2.23–18.56 | <0.001 | 0.683 | 0 |
>2.7 | 259 | 6.8 | |||||
Aspartate aminotransferase (U/I) | >104 | 181 | 6.129 | 3.65–10.28 | <0.001 | 1.000 | 0 |
≤104 | 121 | 4.8 | |||||
Alanine aminotransferase (U/I) | >141 | 99 | 5.133 | 2.74–9.63 | <0.001 | 0.683 | 9.2 |
≤141 | 203 | 0 | |||||
Platelet count (103/µL) | ≤97 | 190 | 1.882 | 1.16–3.06 | 0.010 | 0.999 | 3.1 |
>97 | 112 | 0 | |||||
Partial Thromboplastin Time (s) | >28.5 | 113 | 7.09 | 4.00–12.59 | <0.001 | 1.883 | 6.8 |
≤28.5 | 189 | 0 | |||||
Dengue IgM | YES | 90 | 2.407 | 1.43–4.07 | 0.001 | 1.146 | 7.9 |
NO | 212 | 0 |
Parameter | Non-Severe n = 107 | Severe n = 195 | p-Value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gender | ||||||
Male | (n, %) | 44 | (41.1) | 92 | (47.2) | 0.321 |
Female | (n, %) | 63 | (58.9) | 103 | (52.8) | |
Age (Year) | Mean ± SD | 21.81 ± 18.14 | 26.67 ± 16.55 | 0.019 | ||
<5 | (n, %) | 12 | (11.2) | 13 | (6.7) | 0.001 |
5–10 | (n, %) | 18 | (16.8) | 18 | (9.2) | |
11–20 | (n, %) | 37 | (34.6) | 52 | (26.7) | |
21–30 | (n, %) | 17 | (15.9) | 44 | (22.6) | |
31–40 | (n, %) | 10 | (9.3) | 28 | (14.4) | |
>40 | (n, %) | 13 | (12.1) | 40 | (20.5) | |
Clinical Profile | ||||||
Day of Illness | Mean ± SD | 3.49 ± 1.56 | 3.87 ± 1.5 | 0.038 | ||
Rash | (n, %) | 23 | (21.50) | 42 | (21.5) | 0.993 |
Headache | (n, %) | 17 | (15.90) | 34 | (17.4) | 0.732 |
Cough | (n, %) | 3 | (2.80) | 3 | (1.5) | 0.453 |
Vomiting | (n, %) | 27 | (25.2) | 58 | (29.7) | 0.400 |
Abdominal Pain | (n, %) | 7 | (6.50) | 26 | (13.3) | 0.048 |
Anorexia | (n, %) | 6 | (5.60) | 29 | (14.9) | 0.007 |
Melena | (n, %) | 13 | (12.10) | 27 | (13.8) | 0.679 |
Hemodynamic | Mean ± SD | |||||
Systolic Blood Pressure: SBP | (mmHg) | 113.84 ± 16.75 | 113.83 ± 12.64 | 0.996 | ||
Diastolic Blood Pressure: DBP | (mmHg) | 89.32 ± 15.47 | 88.59 ± 14.87 | 0.689 | ||
Pulse Pressure: PP | (mmHg) | 24.52 ± 19.17 | 25.24 ± 19.48 | 0.758 | ||
Hematological | Mean ± SD | |||||
Hematocrit | % | 38.19 ± 5.74 | 41.28 ± 6.24 | <0.001 | ||
Hemoglobin | g/dL | 6.81 ± 7.12 | 7.51 ± 5.36 | 0.337 | ||
White Blood Cell Count | 103/μL | 4.39 ± 2.5 | 5.05 ± 2.88 | 0.045 | ||
Neutrophil | % | 48.32 ± 20.9 | 41.29 ± 17.8 | 0.004 | ||
Lymphocyte | % | 36.87 ± 19.17 | 39.1 ± 14.4 | 0.295 | ||
Atypical Lymphocyte | % | 5.38 ± 6.99 | 11.18 ± 8.58 | <0.001 | ||
Platelet Count | 103/μL | 154.65 ± 53.43 | 47.85 ± 28.39 | <0.001 | ||
Prothrombin Time: PT | s | 13.68 ± 1.76 | 14.47 ± 3.09 | 0.050 | ||
International Normalized Ratio: INR | 1.38 ± 1.69 | 1.19 ± 0.32 | 0.246 | |||
Partial Thromboplastin Time: PTT | s | 36.72 ± 14.92 | 41.93 ± 22.54 | 0.016 | ||
Biochemical | Mean ± SD | |||||
Total Protein: TP | g/dL | 6.77 ± 0.84 | 6.51 ± 0.86 | 0.014 | ||
Albumin: Alb | g/dL | 3.29 ± 0.42 | 3.14 ± 0.51 | 0.007 | ||
TP/Alb Ratio | 2.06 ± 0.19 | 2.10 ± 0.28 | 0.110 | |||
Aspartate Aminotransferase: AST | U/I | 136.48 ± 139.57 | 405.57 ± 1456 | 0.058 | ||
Alanine Aminotransferase: ALT | U/I | 93.7 ± 86.84 | 222.07 ± 384.68 | 0.001 | ||
Immunological | Positive | |||||
Nonstructural Protein 1: NS1 Ag | (n, %) | 71 | (66.4) | 128 | (65.6) | 0.901 |
Dengue IgM | (n, %) | 24 | (22.4) | 66 | (33.8) | 0.032 |
Dengue IgG | (n, %) | 26 | (24.3) | 85 | (43.6) | 0.001 |
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Srisuphanunt, M.; Puttaruk, P.; Kooltheat, N.; Katzenmeier, G.; Wilairatana, P. Prognostic Indicators for the Early Prediction of Severe Dengue Infection: A Retrospective Study in a University Hospital in Thailand. Trop. Med. Infect. Dis. 2022, 7, 162. https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed7080162
Srisuphanunt M, Puttaruk P, Kooltheat N, Katzenmeier G, Wilairatana P. Prognostic Indicators for the Early Prediction of Severe Dengue Infection: A Retrospective Study in a University Hospital in Thailand. Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease. 2022; 7(8):162. https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed7080162
Chicago/Turabian StyleSrisuphanunt, Mayuna, Palakorn Puttaruk, Nateelak Kooltheat, Gerd Katzenmeier, and Polrat Wilairatana. 2022. "Prognostic Indicators for the Early Prediction of Severe Dengue Infection: A Retrospective Study in a University Hospital in Thailand" Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease 7, no. 8: 162. https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed7080162