Particulate Matter Accumulation and Elemental Composition of Eight Roadside Plant Species
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Area and Leaf Sampling
2.2. Analysis of Surface PM Accumulation
2.3. Biochemical Characteristics of Leaves
2.3.1. Leaf Extract pH (pH)
2.3.2. Relative Leaf Water Content (RWC)
2.3.3. Chlorophyll Contents
2.3.4. Specific Leaf Area (SLA)
2.4. EDX Analysis
3. Statistical Analysis
4. Result and Discussion
4.1. PM Accumulation of Plant Species
4.2. Biochemical Characteristics of Leaves
4.3. Elemental Composition of Leaves
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Plant Species | Habit | Height | |
---|---|---|---|
Shrub | Euonymus japonicas Thunb. | Evergreen broad-leaved | 1 m |
Buxus sinica (Rehder & E.H.Wilson) M.Cheng var. insularis (Nakai) M.Cheng | Evergreen broad-leaved | 50 cm | |
Pleioblastus fortunei (Van Houtte) Nakai | Evergreen broad-leaved | 50 cm | |
Rhododendron yedoense Maxim. f. poukhanense (H.Lév.) Sugim. ex T.Yamaz. | Deciduous broad-leaved | 1 m | |
Herbaceous plant | Liriope muscari (Decne.) L.H.Bailey | Evergreen perennial | 30 cm |
Pachysandra terminalis Siebold & Zucc. | Evergreen perennial | 30 cm | |
Climber | Campsis grandiflora (Thunb.) K.Schum. | Deciduous broad-leaved | |
Parthenocissus tricuspidata (Siebold & Zucc.) Planch. | Deciduous broad-leaved |
Species | SLA (mg·g−1) | pH | RWC (%) | Chl a (mg·g−1) | Chl b (mg·g−1) | TChl (mg·g−1) | Carotenoid (mg·g−1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
E. japonicus | 87.61 ± 12.29 ed | 5.56 ± 0.09 b | 66.72 ± 10.02 b | 0.16 ± 0.02 b | 0.08 ± 0.01 b | 0.25 ± 0.02 b | 16.45 ± 1.51 b |
B. sinica var. insularis | 63.59 ± 5.51 ed | 5.46 ± 0.03 b | 80.85 ± 7.51 ab | 0.06 ± 0.03 d | 0.04 ± 0.01 c | 0.10 ± 0.04 d | 6.14 ± 2.95 d |
P. fortunei | 180.88 ± 28.73 b | 5.83 ± 0.16 a | 84.76 ± 5.51 a | 0.18 ± 0.03 b | 0.08 ± 0.01 b | 0.26 ± 0.04 b | 17.10 ± 2.79 b |
R. yedoense f. poukhanense | 147.31 ± 14.00 bc | 5.58 ± 0.07 ab | 77.73 ± 6.21 ab | 0.15 ± 0.04 b | 0.07 ± 0.01 b | 0.23 ± 0.05 b | 13.69 ± 3.21 b |
L. muscari | 128.64 ± 22.18 cd | 5.69 ± 0.13 ab | 81.82 ± 3.30 ab | 0.16 ± 0.06 b | 0.08 ± 0.02 b | 0.24 ± 0.08 b | 15.18 ± 5.31 b |
P. terminalis | 118.64 ± 1.69 cd | 5.61 ± 0.07 ab | 80.89 ± 3.70 ab | 0.08 ± 0.02 cd | 0.04 ± 0.01 c | 0.13 ± 0.03 cd | 7.19 ± 2.16 cd |
C. grandiflora | 247.44 ± 54.87 a | 5.48 ± 0.28 b | 78.55 ± 13.72 ab | 0.26 ± 0.05 a | 0.12 ± 0.02 a | 0.37 ± 0.07 a | 24.79 ± 4.84 a |
P. tricuspidata | 145.90 ± 2.72 bc | 5.66 ± 0.06 ab | 79.83 ± 10.51 ab | 0.14 ± 0.00 bc | 0.06 ± 0.00 bc | 0.20 ± 0.00 bc | 12.68 ± 0.52 bc |
Significantly | *** | ns | ns | *** | *** | *** | *** |
E. japonicus | B. sinica var. insularis | P. fortunei | R. yedoense f. poukhanense | L. muscari | P. terminalis | C. grandiflora | P. tricuspidata | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ca | 9.56 | 13.68 | 8.41 | 52.25 | 19.76 | 9.71 | 49.60 | 36.22 |
K | 29.07 | 9.55 | 18.11 | 30.66 | 45.87 | 17.80 | 25.78 | 7.79 |
Mg | ND | 0.99 | 2.78 | 10.05 | 3.41 | 3.19 | 6.47 | 6.35 |
S | ND | 7.97 | 0.38 | ND | 2.66 | 0.42 | 3.66 | 0.31 |
P | ND | 1.13 | ND | ND | 2.14 | ND | 1.50 | ND |
Al | ND | 7.58 | ND | ND | 2.82 | 25.61 | 2.07 | 11.51 |
Si | 15.59 | 14.66 | 53.02 | ND | 11.47 | 27.53 | 3.13 | 20.73 |
Na | ND | 9.86 | ND | ND | ND | 3.50 | 6.02 | 1.64 |
Cl | 45.78 | 34.58 | 17.30 | 7.03 | 11.87 | 3.11 | 1.77 | 3.76 |
Fe | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 9.14 | ND | 11.70 |
Total | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 |
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Bui, H.-T.; Park, J.; Lee, E.; Jeong, M.; Park, B.-J. Particulate Matter Accumulation and Elemental Composition of Eight Roadside Plant Species. Urban Sci. 2023, 7, 51. https://doi.org/10.3390/urbansci7020051
Bui H-T, Park J, Lee E, Jeong M, Park B-J. Particulate Matter Accumulation and Elemental Composition of Eight Roadside Plant Species. Urban Science. 2023; 7(2):51. https://doi.org/10.3390/urbansci7020051
Chicago/Turabian StyleBui, Huong-Thi, Jihye Park, Eunyoung Lee, Moonsun Jeong, and Bong-Ju Park. 2023. "Particulate Matter Accumulation and Elemental Composition of Eight Roadside Plant Species" Urban Science 7, no. 2: 51. https://doi.org/10.3390/urbansci7020051