Simultaneous Analysis of Early Components P1 and N1 and Phase and Non-Phase Alpha Activities Associated with Word Recall

Vazquez-Marrufo, Manuel; Navarro-Martos, Remedios; Narbona-Gonzalez, Natividad; Martin-Clemente, Ruben

doi:10.3390/sci7020084

Open AccessArticle

Simultaneous Analysis of Early Components P1 and N1 and Phase and Non-Phase Alpha Activities Associated with Word Recall

by

Manuel Vazquez-Marrufo

^1,*

,

Remedios Navarro-Martos

¹,

Natividad Narbona-Gonzalez

^2,3

and

Ruben Martin-Clemente

⁴

¹

Experimental Psychology Department, Faculty of Psychology, University of Seville, 41018 Seville, Spain

²

Faculty of Health Sciences, International University of La Rioja (UNIR), 26006 Logroño, Spain

³

Research Unit, Neurointegra Clinic, 41960 Seville, Spain

⁴

Signal Processing and Communications Department, Higher Technical School of Engineering, University of Seville, 41092 Seville, Spain

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Sci 2025, 7(2), 84; https://doi.org/10.3390/sci7020084

Submission received: 12 February 2025 / Revised: 28 April 2025 / Accepted: 4 June 2025 / Published: 9 June 2025

(This article belongs to the Section Biology Research and Life Sciences)

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Abstract

The study of non-phase modulation of different frequencies in the human electroencephalography (EEG) is revealing new mechanisms involved in information processing. In particular, it has been described that the alpha band, through a desynchronization of its non-phase component, could represent a mechanism for sensory gain in visual stimulus processing. One key question to address is whether this activity can be modulated (increased) by the recall of a previously memorized stimulus. The objective of this study is to answer this question by recording EEG activity with 58 electrodes and applying time-frequency analysis techniques (Temporal Spectral Evolution and the Hilbert Transform) in a sample of 27 human participants during a word recall task. The results of the study showed an increase in alpha phase modulation for recalled words compared to not recalled words, which included modulation of the P1 component. Additionally, alpha non-phase modulation also increased for recalled words, suggesting that the enhanced P1 component response could, in fact, be an indirect result of the attenuation of background neural noise, as proposed by the sensory gain hypothesis.

Keywords: EEG; ERPs; Hilbert transformation; N1; non-phase alpha; P1; recalled word; Temporal Spectral Evolution

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MDPI and ACS Style

Vazquez-Marrufo, M.; Navarro-Martos, R.; Narbona-Gonzalez, N.; Martin-Clemente, R. Simultaneous Analysis of Early Components P1 and N1 and Phase and Non-Phase Alpha Activities Associated with Word Recall. Sci 2025, 7, 84. https://doi.org/10.3390/sci7020084

AMA Style

Vazquez-Marrufo M, Navarro-Martos R, Narbona-Gonzalez N, Martin-Clemente R. Simultaneous Analysis of Early Components P1 and N1 and Phase and Non-Phase Alpha Activities Associated with Word Recall. Sci. 2025; 7(2):84. https://doi.org/10.3390/sci7020084

Chicago/Turabian Style

Vazquez-Marrufo, Manuel, Remedios Navarro-Martos, Natividad Narbona-Gonzalez, and Ruben Martin-Clemente. 2025. "Simultaneous Analysis of Early Components P1 and N1 and Phase and Non-Phase Alpha Activities Associated with Word Recall" Sci 7, no. 2: 84. https://doi.org/10.3390/sci7020084

APA Style

Vazquez-Marrufo, M., Navarro-Martos, R., Narbona-Gonzalez, N., & Martin-Clemente, R. (2025). Simultaneous Analysis of Early Components P1 and N1 and Phase and Non-Phase Alpha Activities Associated with Word Recall. Sci, 7(2), 84. https://doi.org/10.3390/sci7020084

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Simultaneous Analysis of Early Components P1 and N1 and Phase and Non-Phase Alpha Activities Associated with Word Recall

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