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Protocol

Method to Convert Stem Cells into Cancer Stem Cells

1
Department of Medical Bioengineering, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
2
Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El Koum-Menoufia 32511, Egypt
3
Laboratory of Nano-Biotechnology, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
4
Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
5
Okayama University Research Laboratory of Stem Cell Engineering in Detroit, IBio, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Methods Protoc. 2019, 2(3), 71; https://doi.org/10.3390/mps2030071
Received: 30 June 2019 / Revised: 28 July 2019 / Accepted: 15 August 2019 / Published: 16 August 2019
The cancer stem cell (CSC) hypothesis suggests that tumors are sustained exclusively by a small population of the cells with stem cell properties. CSCs have been identified in most tumors and are responsible for the initiation, recurrence, and resistance of different cancers. In vitro CSC models will be of great help in revisiting the mechanism of cancer development, as well as the tumor microenvironment and the heterogeneity of cancer and metastasis. Our group recently described the generation of CSCs from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), which were reprogrammed from normal cells, and/or embryonic stem cells (ESCs). This procedure will improve the understanding of the essential niche involved in cancer initiation. The composition of this cancer-inducing niche, if identified, will let us know how normal cells convert to malignant in the body and how, in turn, cancer prevention could be achieved. Further, once developed, CSCs demonstrate the ability to differentiate into endothelial cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts, and other phenotypes establishing the CSC niche. These will be good materials for developing novel cancer treatments. In this protocol, we describe how to handle mouse iPSCs/ESCs and how to choose the critical time for starting the conversion into CSCs. This CSC generation protocol is essential for understanding the role of CSC in cancer initiation and progress. View Full-Text
Keywords: cancer stem cells; induced pluripotent stem cells; embryonic stem cells (ESCs); conditioned medium (CM) cancer stem cells; induced pluripotent stem cells; embryonic stem cells (ESCs); conditioned medium (CM)
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MDPI and ACS Style

Afify, S.M.; Chen, L.; Yan, T.; Sanchez Calle, A.; Nair, N.; Murakami, C.; Zahra, M.H.; Okada, N.; Iwasaki, Y.; Seno, A.; Seno, M. Method to Convert Stem Cells into Cancer Stem Cells. Methods Protoc. 2019, 2, 71. https://doi.org/10.3390/mps2030071

AMA Style

Afify SM, Chen L, Yan T, Sanchez Calle A, Nair N, Murakami C, Zahra MH, Okada N, Iwasaki Y, Seno A, Seno M. Method to Convert Stem Cells into Cancer Stem Cells. Methods and Protocols. 2019; 2(3):71. https://doi.org/10.3390/mps2030071

Chicago/Turabian Style

Afify, Said M., Ling Chen, Ting Yan, Anna Sanchez Calle, Neha Nair, Chikae Murakami, Maram H. Zahra, Nobuhiro Okada, Yoshiaki Iwasaki, Akimasa Seno, and Masahura Seno. 2019. "Method to Convert Stem Cells into Cancer Stem Cells" Methods and Protocols 2, no. 3: 71. https://doi.org/10.3390/mps2030071

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