Examination and Relationship of Posterior Superior Alveolar Artery and Canalis Sinuosus Using Cone Beam CT
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. CBCT Imaging Acquisition
2.3. Anatomical Background and Radiological Identification
2.4. Radiological Assessment
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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f | % | Valid % | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Gender | Female | 147 | 45.5 | 45.5 |
Male | 176 | 54.5 | 54.5 | |
Age | <30.0 | 51 | 15.8 | 15.8 |
31.0–50.0 | 93 | 28.8 | 28.8 | |
51.0–70.0 | 142 | 44.0 | 44.0 | |
71.0+ | 37 | 11.5 | 11.5 | |
Right PSAA Type | Intraosseous | 234 | 72.4 | 78.0 |
Extraosseous | 41 | 12.7 | 13.7 | |
Intrasinusal | 25 | 7.7 | 8.3 | |
Total Observed | 300 | 92.9 | 100.0 | |
Missing | 23 | 7.1 | ||
Left PSAA Type | Intraosseous | 212 | 65.6 | 72.9 |
Extraosseous | 70 | 21.7 | 24.1 | |
Intrasinusal | 9 | 2.8 | 3.1 | |
Total Observed | 291 | 90.1 | 100.0 | |
Missing | 32 | 9.9 | ||
Septum Deviation | No | 202 | 62.5 | 62.5 |
Yes | 121 | 37.5 | 37.5 | |
Right CS Location | Central incisor | 62 | 19.2 | 44.9 |
Lateral incisor | 58 | 18.0 | 42.0 | |
1st premolar | 11 | 3.4 | 8.0 | |
Canine | 7 | 2.2 | 5.1 | |
Total Observed | 138 | 42.7 | 100.0 | |
Missing | 185 | 57.3 | ||
Left CS Location | Central incisor | 71 | 22.0 | 55.5 |
Lateral incisor | 41 | 12.7 | 32.0 | |
1st premolar | 11 | 3.4 | 8.6 | |
Canine | 5 | 1.5 | 3.9 | |
Total Observed | 128 | 39.6 | 100.0 | |
Missing | 195 | 60.4 | ||
Total Patients | 323 | 100.0 |
PSAA | |||
---|---|---|---|
Left (n = 271) | Right (n = 271) | p | |
Mean ± SS Median (Min–Maks) | Mean ± SS Median (Min–Maks) | ||
Diameter | 0.84 ± 0.25 0.80 (0.3–2.1) | 0.82 ± 0.22 0.80 (0.3–1.5) | 0.690 |
Distance to maxillary sinus floor | 9.99 ± 3.41 9.90 (1.8–18.9) | 9.66 ± 3.59 9.60 (1.2–19.2) | 0.087 |
Distance to alveolar crest | 18.67 ± 3.08 18.90 (9.3–27.3) | 18.17 ± 3.28 18.30 (8.4–27.6) | 0.013 * |
Distance to nasal septum | 30.64 ± 2.16 30.60 (25.5–37.9) | 30.35 ± 2.13 30.30 (25.5–36.9) | 0.002 |
CS | |||
---|---|---|---|
Left (n = 82) | Right (n = 82) | p | |
Mean ± SS Median (Min–Maks) | Mean ± SS Median (Min–Maks) | ||
Diameter | 0.83 ± 0.28 0.70 (0.4–1.6) | 0.79 ± 0.26 0.70 (0.4–1.6) | 0.127 |
Distance to nasal cavity floor | 13.20 ± 2.83 13.40 (6.3–20.3) | 13.47 ± 2.73 13.65 (6.3–18.8) | 0.464 |
Distance to buccal bone | 7.04 ± 1.82 6.90 (3.0–13.5) | 7.20 ± 1.87 7.10 (1.5–13.8) | 0.538 |
Distance to alveolar crest | 6.25 ± 2.55 5.55 (2.6–13.4) | 5.95 ± 2.05 5.70 (1.6–12.4) | 0.743 |
Female (n = 140) | Male (n = 160) | p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|
Mean ± SD Median (Min–Max) | Mean ± SD Median (Min–Max) | ||
Right PSAA diameter | 0.81 ± 0.22 0.75 (0.4–1.5) | 0.82 ± 0.21 0.80 (0.3–1.5) | 0.481 |
Right PSAA to maxillary sinus floor distance | 9.32 ± 3.67 9.00 (1.2–18.6) | 9.91 ± 3.51 9.90 (2.7–19.2) | 0.114 |
Right PSAA to alveolar crest distance | 18.08 ± 3.40 18.00 (10.8–27.6) | 18.29 ± 3.26 18.60 (8.4–25.8) | 0.447 |
Right PSAA to nasal septum distance | 29.99 ± 2.19 30.00 (25.5–35.7) | 30.61 ± 2.08 30.60 (25.5–36.9) | 0.009 * |
Female (n = 133) | Male (n = 158) | ||
Mean ± SD Median (Min–Max) | Mean ± SD Median (Min–Max) | p-value | |
Left PSAA diameter | 0.82 ± 0.27 0.80 (0.3–2.1) | 0.84 ± 0.23 0.85 (0.4–1.7) | 0.371 |
Left PSAA to maxillary sinus floor distance | 9.17 ± 3.55 9.00 (1.8–18.3) | 10.58 ± 3.15 10.50 (3.9–18.9) | <0.001 * |
Left PSAA to alveolar crest distance | 18.31 ± 3.51 18.60 (9.3–27.3) | 18.84 ± 2.85 19.20 (8.7–26.4) | 0.179 |
Left PSAA to nasal septum distance | 30.06 ± 2.03 30.00 (25.5–34.8) | 31.06 ± 2.12 30.90 (26.4–37.9) | <0.001 * |
Female (n = 57) | Male (n = 81) | ||
---|---|---|---|
Mean ± SD Median (Min–Max) | Mean ± SD Median (Min–Max) | p-value | |
Right CS diameter | 0.75 ± 0.25 0.70 (0.4–1.3) | 0.81 ± 0.28 0.70 (0.4–1.6) | 0.256 |
Right CS to nasal cavity floor distance | 13.36 ± 2.58 13.60 (6.3–18.8) | 13.56 ± 2.94 13.80 (6.3–18.8) | 0.548 |
Right CS to buccal bone distance | 6.90 ± 1.66 6.80 (1.5–12.2) | 7.13 ± 1.76 7.00 (2.8–13.8) | 0.475 |
Right CS to alveolar crest distance | 6.17 ± 2.51 5.70 (1.6–15.1) | 6.61 ± 2.25 6.20 (2.8–14.3) | 0.136 |
Female (n = 65) | Male (n = 62) | ||
Mean ± SD Median (Min–Max) | Mean ± SD Median (Min–Max) | ||
Left CS diameter | 0.82 ± 0.28 0.70 (0.4–1.6) | 0.80 ± 0.26 0.70 (0.4–1.5) | 0.842 |
Left CS to nasal cavity floor distance | 12.96 ± 3.06 13.50 (4.8–19.0) | 13.48 ± 2.54 13.55 (7.5–20.3) | 0.526 |
Left CS to buccal bone distance | 7.11 ± 1.75 6.80 (3.0–13.5) | 6.74 ± 1.54 6.80 (2.8–9.9) | 0.376 |
Left CS to alveolar crest distance | 6.60 ± 2.86 5.80 (2.6–13.4) | 6.19 ± 2.43 5.55 (2.7–14.1) | 0.556 |
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Yılmaz, İ.; Lafci Fahrioglu, S.; Firincioglulari, M.; Orhan, K.; İlgi, S. Examination and Relationship of Posterior Superior Alveolar Artery and Canalis Sinuosus Using Cone Beam CT. Biomimetics 2025, 10, 352. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics10060352
Yılmaz İ, Lafci Fahrioglu S, Firincioglulari M, Orhan K, İlgi S. Examination and Relationship of Posterior Superior Alveolar Artery and Canalis Sinuosus Using Cone Beam CT. Biomimetics. 2025; 10(6):352. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics10060352
Chicago/Turabian StyleYılmaz, İskender, Sevda Lafci Fahrioglu, Mujgan Firincioglulari, Kaan Orhan, and Sezgin İlgi. 2025. "Examination and Relationship of Posterior Superior Alveolar Artery and Canalis Sinuosus Using Cone Beam CT" Biomimetics 10, no. 6: 352. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics10060352
APA StyleYılmaz, İ., Lafci Fahrioglu, S., Firincioglulari, M., Orhan, K., & İlgi, S. (2025). Examination and Relationship of Posterior Superior Alveolar Artery and Canalis Sinuosus Using Cone Beam CT. Biomimetics, 10(6), 352. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics10060352