Updated Aspects of Safety Regulations for Biomedical Applications of Aerogel Compounds—Compendia-Like Evaluation
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Aerogels’ Particularities as Innovative Materials
3. Safety Regulation in Aerogels Testing
3.1. Level 1
3.1.1. Testing the Oxidative Stress in Abiotic Conditions
3.1.2. Testing the Dissolution Characteristics in Biological Fluids in Acellular Conditions
3.1.3. Stretch-Stress Tests
3.2. Level 2—In Vitro Cellular Models for Testing Aerogels
3.3. Level 3—In Vivo Testing of Aerogel
4. Health Risk Outlines
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Structure | Applications | References |
---|---|---|
Dialdehyde nanocellulose and collagen composite aerogels | Tissue engineering, wound dressing | [51] |
Polyurea-nano-encapsulated macroporous silica aerogels, chitosan–silica hybrid aerogels | Tissue engineering, wound dressing | [23,52,53] |
Alginate–starch aerogels | Tissue engineering, wound dressing | [15,54] |
Alginate–lignin hybrid aerogels | Wound dressing | [24] |
Ca-Zn-Ag alginate aerogels | Wound dressing | [25] |
Macroporous silica aerogels | Biosensors | [55,56] |
Cellulose nanofibrils | Biosensors and diagnostics | [4,55] |
Silica aerogels | Biosensors and diagnostics | [3,4] |
Polysaccharide aerogels | Food-related technologies | [4,56,57] |
Alginate–chitosan aerogel | Drug delivery | [26] |
Silica aerogels, surface-functionalized aerogels, composite aerogels | Drug delivery | [3,4,58] |
Inorganic and organic aerogels | Drug delivery | [59] |
Alginate-based aerogel | Drug delivery | [60] |
Polysaccharide-based aerogels | Drug delivery | [3] |
Alginate aerogel | Biocide | [27] |
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Neagu, M.; Grisi, F.; Pulvirenti, A.; Simón-Vázquez, R.; García-González, C.A.; Boccia, A.C. Updated Aspects of Safety Regulations for Biomedical Applications of Aerogel Compounds—Compendia-Like Evaluation. Safety 2023, 9, 80. https://doi.org/10.3390/safety9040080
Neagu M, Grisi F, Pulvirenti A, Simón-Vázquez R, García-González CA, Boccia AC. Updated Aspects of Safety Regulations for Biomedical Applications of Aerogel Compounds—Compendia-Like Evaluation. Safety. 2023; 9(4):80. https://doi.org/10.3390/safety9040080
Chicago/Turabian StyleNeagu, Monica, Fabia Grisi, Alfio Pulvirenti, Rosana Simón-Vázquez, Carlos A. García-González, and Antonella Caterina Boccia. 2023. "Updated Aspects of Safety Regulations for Biomedical Applications of Aerogel Compounds—Compendia-Like Evaluation" Safety 9, no. 4: 80. https://doi.org/10.3390/safety9040080