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Magnetochemistry
Volume 11
Issue 9
10.3390/magnetochemistry11090072
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Mössbauer Research and Magnetic Properties of Dispersed Microspheres from High-Calcium Fly Ash

by
Elena V. Fomenko
1,*,
Yuriy V. Knyazev
2,
Galina V. Akimochkina
1,
Sergey V. Semenov
2,
Vladimir V. Yumashev
1,
Leonid A. Solovyov
1,
Natalia N. Anshits
1,
Oleg A. Bayukov
2 and
Alexander G. Anshits
1
1
Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, Akademgorodok 50/24, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
2
Kirensky Institute of Physics, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, Akademgorodok 50/24, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Magnetochemistry 2025, 11(9), 72; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry11090072 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 26 July 2025 / Revised: 18 August 2025 / Accepted: 22 August 2025 / Published: 23 August 2025
Versions Notes

Abstract

High-calcium fly ash (HCFA), produced from the lignite combustion, has emerged as a global concern due to its fine particle size and adverse environmental impacts. This study presents the characteristics of dispersed microspheres from HCFA obtained using modern techniques, such as XRD, SEM-EDS, 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy, DSC-TG, particle size analysis, and magnetic measurements. It is found that an increase in microsphere size is likely due to the growth of the silicate glass-like phase, while the magnetic crystalline phase content remains stable. According to the 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy, there are two substituted Ca-based ferrites—CaFe2O4 and Ca2Fe2O5 with a quite different magnetic behavior. Besides, the magnetic ordering temperature of the brownmillerite (Ca2Fe2O5) phase increases with the average diameter of the microspheres. FORC analysis reveals enhanced magnetic interactions as microsphere size increases, indicating an elevation in the concentration of magnetic microparticles, primarily on the microsphere surface, as supported by electron microscopy data. The discovered the magnetic crystallographic phases distribution on the microsphere’s surface claims the accessibility for further enrichment of the magnetically active particles and the possible application of fly ashes as a cheap source for magnetic materials synthesis.
Keywords: dispersed microspheres; high-calcium fly ash; magnetic materials; Mössbauer spectroscopy; magnetic measurements dispersed microspheres; high-calcium fly ash; magnetic materials; Mössbauer spectroscopy; magnetic measurements

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MDPI and ACS Style

Fomenko, E.V.; Knyazev, Y.V.; Akimochkina, G.V.; Semenov, S.V.; Yumashev, V.V.; Solovyov, L.A.; Anshits, N.N.; Bayukov, O.A.; Anshits, A.G. Mössbauer Research and Magnetic Properties of Dispersed Microspheres from High-Calcium Fly Ash. Magnetochemistry 2025, 11, 72. https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry11090072

AMA Style

Fomenko EV, Knyazev YV, Akimochkina GV, Semenov SV, Yumashev VV, Solovyov LA, Anshits NN, Bayukov OA, Anshits AG. Mössbauer Research and Magnetic Properties of Dispersed Microspheres from High-Calcium Fly Ash. Magnetochemistry. 2025; 11(9):72. https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry11090072

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fomenko, Elena V., Yuriy V. Knyazev, Galina V. Akimochkina, Sergey V. Semenov, Vladimir V. Yumashev, Leonid A. Solovyov, Natalia N. Anshits, Oleg A. Bayukov, and Alexander G. Anshits. 2025. "Mössbauer Research and Magnetic Properties of Dispersed Microspheres from High-Calcium Fly Ash" Magnetochemistry 11, no. 9: 72. https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry11090072

APA Style

Fomenko, E. V., Knyazev, Y. V., Akimochkina, G. V., Semenov, S. V., Yumashev, V. V., Solovyov, L. A., Anshits, N. N., Bayukov, O. A., & Anshits, A. G. (2025). Mössbauer Research and Magnetic Properties of Dispersed Microspheres from High-Calcium Fly Ash. Magnetochemistry, 11(9), 72. https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry11090072

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