Fructan Catabolism by Rumen Microbiota of Cattle and Sheep
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Plant Material and Media Composition
2.2. Animals and Rumen Fluid Collection
2.3. Analysis of Fructans and Mono/Disaccharides
2.4. Quantification of Fructans and Mono/Disaccharides
2.5. Fermentation End-Product Analyses
2.6. Chemical Composition of Orchardgrass Substrate
2.7. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Orchardgrass Controls
3.2. Fructan Degradation
3.3. Fermentation pH
3.4. Fermentation End-Products
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Nutrient | Concentration, g kg DM−1 |
---|---|
Crude Protein | 143.5 |
Acid Detergent Fiber | 353.9 |
Neutral Detergent Fiber | 578.4 |
Water-Soluble Carbohydrate | 91.5 |
Ethanol-Soluble Carbohydrate | 74.1 |
Fructan/Sugar | Concentration, μg mL−1 |
---|---|
Long-chain † | 444.1 |
Short-chain † | 30.0 |
Bifurcose | 11.3 |
1-Nystose | 0.0 |
6-Nystose | 7.6 |
1-Kestose | 0.0 |
6-Kestose | 3.4 |
Neokestose | 0.0 |
Raffinose | 7.5 |
Free Sugars ‡ | 1,064.8 |
Time, h | p-Values | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fructan/Sugar, μg mL−1 | 0 | 2 | 4 | 8 | SE | Species | Time | Species × Time | ||||
Bovine | Ovine | Bovine | Ovine | Bovine | Ovine | Bovine | Ovine | |||||
Long-chain † | 408.2 α | 421.7 α | 383.1 x,α | 349.0 y,β | 0.0 b,β | 50.2 a,γ | 0.0 β | 0.0 δ | 16.8 | 0.44 | <0.01 | 0.04 |
Short-chain † | 53.7 β | 85.8 β | 185.4 b,α | 255.9 a,α | 19.0 b,β | 249.4 a,α | 4.7 β | 11.2 γ | 21.5 | <0.01 | <0.01 | <0.01 |
Bifurcose | 12.2 β | 15.4 γ | 40.1 α | 48.9 β | 2.1 β | 85.8 α | 0.0 β | 4.8 γ | 9.6 | <0.01 | <0.01 | <0.01 |
1-Nystose | 1.7 β | 3.4 γ | 14.1 α | 17.9 β | 0.7 a,β | 30.3 b,α | 0.0 β | 0.0 γ | 3.4 | <0.01 | <0.01 | <0.01 |
6-Nystose | 7.9 | 8.1 | 11.3 | 10.8 | 8.5 | 8.4 | 0.7 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 0.91 | <0.01 | 0.96 |
1-Kestose | 0.3 b | 8.9 a | 4.1 | 0.4 | 0.0 | 2.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.2 | 0.40 | 0.15 | 0.06 |
6-Kestose | 6.0 | 7.0 | 9.7 | 8.6 | 7.9 | 10.8 | 0.0 | 0.7 | 1.8 | 0.51 | <0.01 | 0.74 |
Neokestose | 0.00 | 0.0 | 0.7 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.78 | 0.05 | 0.20 |
Raffinose | 5.5 | 4.4 | 5.8 | 5.2 | 0.0 | 0.9 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.77 | <0.01 | 0.70 |
Free Sugars ‡ | 1104.9 | 1084.0 | 908.6 | 750.2 | 83.4 | 230.6 | 43.1 | 49.6 | 65.0 | 0.85 | <0.01 | 0.11 |
SCFA, mmol L−1 | Species | Statistics | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Bovine | Ovine | SE | p-Value | |
Lactate | 21.03 | 17.23 | 1.46 | 0.12 |
Succinate | 1.82 | 1.19 | 0.75 | 0.58 |
Acetate | 17.70 a | 14.42 b | 0.59 | <0.01 |
Propionate | 8.25 | 8.00 | 0.73 | 0.82 |
Butyrate | 1.91 | 1.78 | 0.11 | 0.44 |
Total SCFA | 50.70 a | 42.62 b | 2.05 | 0.03 |
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Weinert-Nelson, J.R.; Kagan, I.A.; Ely, D.G.; Flythe, M.D.; Davis, B.E. Fructan Catabolism by Rumen Microbiota of Cattle and Sheep. Fermentation 2023, 9, 925. https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation9110925
Weinert-Nelson JR, Kagan IA, Ely DG, Flythe MD, Davis BE. Fructan Catabolism by Rumen Microbiota of Cattle and Sheep. Fermentation. 2023; 9(11):925. https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation9110925
Chicago/Turabian StyleWeinert-Nelson, Jennifer R., Isabelle A. Kagan, Donald G. Ely, Michael D. Flythe, and Brittany E. Davis. 2023. "Fructan Catabolism by Rumen Microbiota of Cattle and Sheep" Fermentation 9, no. 11: 925. https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation9110925