Easy and Low-Cost Method for Synthesis of Carbon–Silica Composite from Vinasse and Study of Ibuprofen Removal
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Carbon–silica Composite Synthesis
2.3. Materials Characterization
2.4. Adsorption of Ibuprofen
3. Results
3.1. Characterization of Carbon–silica Composite
3.1.1. Specific Surface Area of Composites under Different Ratio
3.1.2. Physicochemical Properties of Composites under Optimum Conditions
3.1.3. Surface Morphology
3.2. Adsorption Study
3.2.1. Effect of Adsorption Time
3.2.2. Effect of Initial pH
3.2.3. Effect of Initial Solution Concentration
3.2.4. Kinetic Models
3.2.5. Adsorption Isotherms
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Composite | SBET (m2/g) | Vmic (cm3/g) | Vmeso (cm3/g) | VT (cm3/g) | DP (nm) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
CSC_Na | 313 | 0.12 | 0.27 | 0.39 | 5.00 |
(31%) | (69%) | ||||
CSC_TEOS | 456 | 0.20 | 0.10 | 0.30 | 2.62 |
(67%) | (33%) |
Composite | Yield (wt.%) | Moisture (wt.%) | Ash (wt.%) | pH | pHpzc | Bulk Density (g/cm3) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CSC_Na | 6.33 | 12.97 | 44.39 | 1.85 | 2.20 | 0.66 |
TEOS | 4.00 | 16.67 | 30.08 | 2.82 | 2.70 | 0.86 |
Adsorbent | qe,exp (mg/g) | Pseudo-First-Order | Pseudo-Second-Order | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
qe (mg/g) | k1 (1/min) | R2 | qe (mg/g) | k1 (g/(mg·min) | R2 | ||
CSC_Na | 124 | 122.37 | 0.318 | 0.996 | 125.52 | 0.007 | 0.997 |
CSC_TEOS | 130 | 127.86 | 0.332 | 0.995 | 131.14 | 0.007 | 0.998 |
Adsorbent | Langmuir | Freundlich | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
qmax (mg/g) | KL (L/mg) | R2 | KF ((mg/g)(L/mg)1/n) | 1/n | R2 | |
CSC_Na | 406 | 0.601 | 0.992 | 148.560 | 0.333 | 0.869 |
CSC_TEOS | 418 | 0.880 | 0.998 | 220.100 | 0.211 | 0.914 |
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Ngernyen, Y.; Siriketh, T.; Manyuen, K.; Thawngen, P.; Rodtoem, W.; Wannuea, K.; Knijnenburg, J.T.N.; Budsaereechai, S. Easy and Low-Cost Method for Synthesis of Carbon–Silica Composite from Vinasse and Study of Ibuprofen Removal. C 2022, 8, 51. https://doi.org/10.3390/c8040051
Ngernyen Y, Siriketh T, Manyuen K, Thawngen P, Rodtoem W, Wannuea K, Knijnenburg JTN, Budsaereechai S. Easy and Low-Cost Method for Synthesis of Carbon–Silica Composite from Vinasse and Study of Ibuprofen Removal. C. 2022; 8(4):51. https://doi.org/10.3390/c8040051
Chicago/Turabian StyleNgernyen, Yuvarat, Thitipong Siriketh, Kritsada Manyuen, Panta Thawngen, Wipha Rodtoem, Kritiyaporn Wannuea, Jesper T. N. Knijnenburg, and Supattra Budsaereechai. 2022. "Easy and Low-Cost Method for Synthesis of Carbon–Silica Composite from Vinasse and Study of Ibuprofen Removal" C 8, no. 4: 51. https://doi.org/10.3390/c8040051