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Article

Vacuole Proteins with Optimized Microtubule Assembly Is Required for Fum1 Protein Localization and Fumonisin Biosynthesis in Mycotoxigenic Fungus Fusarium verticillioides

by
Huijuan Yan
1,†,
Zehua Zhou
1,2,†,
Huan Zhang
1,* and
Won Bo Shim
1,*
1
Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
2
College of Plant Protection & Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Plant Pests, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
J. Fungi 2023, 9(2), 268; https://doi.org/10.3390/jof9020268
Submission received: 13 December 2022 / Revised: 9 February 2023 / Accepted: 13 February 2023 / Published: 16 February 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mycotoxins in Food: Biosynthesis, Detection, and Control)
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Abstract

Fumonisin contamination of corn caused by Fusarium verticillioides is a major concern worldwide. While key genes involved in fumonisin biosynthesis are known, the location within the fungal cell where this process occurs has yet to be fully characterized. In this study, three key enzymes, i.e., Fum1, Fum8, and Fum6, associated with early steps of fumonisin biosynthesis pathway, were tagged with GFP, and we examined their cellular localization. Results showed that these three proteins co-localized with the vacuole. To further understand the role of the vacuole in fumonisin B1 (FB1) biosynthesis, we disrupted two predicted vacuole associated proteins, FvRab7 and FvVam7, resulting in a significant reduction of FB1 biosynthesis and a lack of Fum1-GFP fluorescence signal. Furthermore, we used the microtubule-targeting drug carbendazim to show that proper microtubule assembly is critical for proper Fum1 protein localization and FB1 biosynthesis. Additionally, we found that α1 tubulin is a negative regulator in FB1 biosynthesis. We concluded that vacuole proteins with optimized microtubule assembly play a crucial role in proper Fum1 protein localization and fumonisin production in F. verticillioides.
Keywords: Fusarium verticillioides; fumonisins; vacuole; microtubule; tubulins Fusarium verticillioides; fumonisins; vacuole; microtubule; tubulins

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MDPI and ACS Style

Yan, H.; Zhou, Z.; Zhang, H.; Shim, W.B. Vacuole Proteins with Optimized Microtubule Assembly Is Required for Fum1 Protein Localization and Fumonisin Biosynthesis in Mycotoxigenic Fungus Fusarium verticillioides. J. Fungi 2023, 9, 268. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof9020268

AMA Style

Yan H, Zhou Z, Zhang H, Shim WB. Vacuole Proteins with Optimized Microtubule Assembly Is Required for Fum1 Protein Localization and Fumonisin Biosynthesis in Mycotoxigenic Fungus Fusarium verticillioides. Journal of Fungi. 2023; 9(2):268. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof9020268

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yan, Huijuan, Zehua Zhou, Huan Zhang, and Won Bo Shim. 2023. "Vacuole Proteins with Optimized Microtubule Assembly Is Required for Fum1 Protein Localization and Fumonisin Biosynthesis in Mycotoxigenic Fungus Fusarium verticillioides" Journal of Fungi 9, no. 2: 268. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof9020268

APA Style

Yan, H., Zhou, Z., Zhang, H., & Shim, W. B. (2023). Vacuole Proteins with Optimized Microtubule Assembly Is Required for Fum1 Protein Localization and Fumonisin Biosynthesis in Mycotoxigenic Fungus Fusarium verticillioides. Journal of Fungi, 9(2), 268. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof9020268

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